Nosebleeds are caused by the rupture of blood vessels in the nasal cavity and tissues near the nasal cavity. Common in gross examination and gastric tube insertion; Contusion and whipping of the nose and its surrounding tissues, as well as the beating of cattle; Foreign bodies penetrate into the nasal cavity, causing inflammation and ulcer of nasal mucosa; Overworked or working hard in strong sunlight, blood vessels burst due to abnormal increase in blood pressure and extreme anger; Some infectious diseases, poisoning diseases or some blood diseases can also cause nosebleeds. In addition, blood can also flow out through the nasal cavity due to blood vessel rupture in the throat, lungs and stomach, nasal bone fracture and sinusitis.

clinical symptoms

Simple nasal mucosa injury, fresh blood, persistent bleeding, no impurities in the blood. Sinus bleeding, mostly with a history of chronic bleeding, is intermittent and often mixed with pus or corruption. Pulmonary hemorrhage, bright red blood with many small bubbles, sick cow coughing, lung auscultation with rales. Stomach bleeding, dirty brown blood, containing food.

Prevention and treatment

(1) processing

Cows should be quiet and wash their noses and heads gently with cold water. Mild epistaxis can usually stop bleeding by itself. Use 1% alum solution or 0. 1% epinephrine to soak gauze strips to fill nostrils. In severe bleeding, 0. 1% epinephrine 5 ~ 10 ml was injected subcutaneously; Or 300 ~ 500ml of 5% calcium chloride, Luo 'an blood 10 ~ 20ml, intravenous injection 1.

(2) Prevention

It is necessary to strengthen management, prevent mechanical damage to nasal mucosa, do not hit cows on the head, do not overwork in hot season, do not overwork for too long, and keep cows in the shade after labor to ensure drinking water.