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[Come and see me] [Come and see me] Ponkan. Also known as citrus and white orange. Mainly distributed in southern provinces of China. It has high edible value and medicinal value. Ponkan is delicious in color. How crisp and tender the pulp juice is. It tastes sweet and delicious. This is a very popular fruit during the Spring Festival. So how do you grow ponkan? Today, Bian Xiao will take you to learn the cultivation techniques of ponkan.
1, select the land for garden construction.
The main producing areas of China Ponkan are Zhejiang, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi and Sichuan. Then the garden selection needs to refer to the conditions of each planting area. On the whole. The soil is required to be deep, loose, rich in organic matter and rich in nutrition. The soil pH value is moderate. Or slightly acidic. Secondly, it is best to have a little slope when choosing an orchard. Convenient drainage. Near the water, of course. Convenient irrigation. Finally, the traffic near the orchard should be convenient. Convenient transportation, sales of ponkan.
2. Planting techniques
The planting time of ponkan is usually from September to 1 1 month every year. February and March every year. When planting, the row spacing is usually four meters. Plant a tree every three meters. Usually about 50 to 60 plants can be planted per mu. Dig the planting pit before planting. The depth and width of the cave are 90 cm and 80 cm respectively. After the planting pit is dug. Pour 40 cm thick soil fertilizer into the hole. Then sprinkle 10 cm thick fine soil on the hole. Finally, you can plant it. When planting, the seedlings should be righted. Then backfill with soil. And compact the ground. Just pour enough water.
3. Water and fertilizer management
In order to make ponkan grow healthily and rapidly. Generally, organic fertilizer should be used more. At the same time, it should be combined with inorganic non-compound feed for fertilization. When fertilizing. Mainly rely on soil fertilization. Combining foliar fertilization. Soil fertilization generally adopts methods such as ring furrow fertilization, strip application, hole application and soil surface spreading application. Ponkan is in its infancy. Apply thin fertilizer frequently. Mainly nitrogen fertilizer. Combined with potash fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer application. At least five or six times a year. This tree needs topdressing four times a year. Germination fertilizer is mainly excrement and urine water, fruit protection fertilizer is phosphorus and potassium fertilizer for treating tooth decay, strong fruit fertilizer is the same as fruit protection fertilizer, and fruit picking fertilizer is organic fertilizer. At the same time, according to the different growth periods of ponkan trees. Reasonable watering and drainage.
4. Dressing and shaping
The pruning of ponkan trees is mainly divided into four stages. The first is pruning of young trees. Mainly light cutting. Keep the main branch. When the branches grow to a certain length. Cut it short gently. Adjust the growth balance between each trunk. And sparse and dense branches. The first-born ponkan tree is to continue to cut off the main branches at all levels. And promote the growth of strong branches. Erase the summer shoot. And promote flowers through measures such as ring cutting. There are pruning during the full fruit season. Mainly pruning diseased branches, weak branches, dead branches, dense branches, old branches, etc. Keep the current output. Finally, the fruit trees in the aging period. We need to keep the output of fruit trees. Then the main branch needs to be replaced. Branch again.
Step 5 control pests and diseases
The most common diseases of ponkan are foot rot and anthracnose. Rotten feet are caused by poor permeability of fields. Carbendazim and thiophanate-methyl can be used for control. However, anthracnose is caused by partial application of nitrogen fertilizer or excessive water in the field. And temperature rise. Mancozeb and chlorothalonil can be used for treatment. The main pests are mites, scale insects, aphids, liriomyza sativae, longicorn beetles, bud maggots and other pests. Pests are very frequent. We usually use low-toxic pyrethroids to poison. Or use physical principles to trap and kill people.
Ponkan is not suitable for planting, because the soil is deeper than the hole, with a width of 90 cm and 80 cm.