There are many reasons for sprouting, which are related to climate, humidity, temperature, fertilizer, diseases and pests, floods, droughts and so on.
Phalaenopsis should be carefully cultivated in winter.
Phalaenopsis is a kind of flower that people like. It likes warm light, is not cold-resistant, and is easy to survive but not easy to raise. If you want to raise Phalaenopsis in winter, you should pay special attention to strengthening management and make more efforts in the following five links.
1. Soil and fertilizer management
Phalaenopsis likes loose and fertile neutral or weakly acidic humus, and the cultivated soil can be mixed with humus 65%, purified sand 20% and fine furnace ash 15%. From autumnal equinox to winter solstice, Phalaenopsis should apply solid fertilizer once, less nitrogen fertilizer, more phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer. Eggshell powder and cooked fishy water are good phosphate fertilizers, while bran ash and ash are easy to obtain. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers can also be applied to promote the germination of more new plants and leaves. Fertilization must be appropriate, and it is forbidden to apply thick fertilizer and raw fertilizer that has not been fermented and decomposed, otherwise it will easily cause the tip to scorch or rot. In winter, if the new leaves are spotted and the roots are yellow, it means that there is too much fertilization, while the new leaves are narrow and thin, and the color is particularly light, which is a manifestation of lack of fertilizer.
water
The soil should not be too dry or too wet. Be sure to water thoroughly every time, and water more after budding. Watering and fertilization can be coordinated, and fermented bean cake water, light fishy water and horseshoe water are applied once every 20 days or so. When the room temperature is low, the water should be controlled to prevent the basin soil from getting too wet. Too wet pot soil will cause rotten roots to die, but it should not be too dry.
keep warm
The suitable temperature of Phalaenopsis in winter is 15℃ ~ 20℃, preferably not lower than 10℃. The temperature behind the dart should be kept around 18℃, and the temperature difference between day and night should be around 10℃, otherwise the flower arrow will bloom if it doesn't grow to a suitable height. Therefore, when the outdoor temperature is lower than 10℃ at night, it should be moved indoors. When the indoor temperature is lower than 10℃, in addition to covering the surface of the basin soil with a layer of charcoal powder with a thickness of 1 cm, it should also be placed indoors in the sunny place for thermal insulation. When the indoor temperature is extremely low, a film can be covered on the flowerpot to raise the temperature, but the temperature in the cover should not exceed 25℃. If it exceeds 25℃, it is necessary to ventilate and cool down.
Adjust light
Although Phalaenopsis likes semi-cloudy environment, the longer the sunshine in winter, the better. When flowering, strong light will shorten the flowering period, and weak light will prolong the flowering period. It likes warm and cool, and avoids cold and heat. Generally, it grows well at 18℃ ~ 20℃, stops growing below 5℃, and does not suffer above 0℃. After Phalaenopsis enters the room, the light is limited, so it is necessary to manually move the flowerpot for adjustment. Under normal circumstances, it should be placed in a sunny place indoors during the day to make it shine in the sun and keep its original color. Before flowering, it should be placed under fluorescent lamp for indoor supplementary lighting at night. Because the two rows of Phalaenopsis leaves are opposite, if the light stays in one position for a long time, the leaves will grow unevenly, which will affect the ornamental effect. Therefore, we should pay attention to the direction of leaves when dimming, and change the sunny side every 10 days or so. There are two ways to put a flowerpot indoors. One is to make the leaves parallel to the sunny window, and the other is to make the leaves perpendicular to the sunny window. The latter is better than the former.
5. Measures to prolong flowering period
The way to prolong the flowering period of Phalaenopsis is to put the flowers in a dark place when Phalaenopsis is about to bloom, properly control watering and keep the temperature at 8℃ ~ 12℃. This can prolong the flowering period 10 ~ 20 days.
Family cultivation of Phalaenopsis
Phalaenopsis is a tropical epiphytic orchid of Orchidaceae, with a single stem. The erect thick stems can be as high as 8 cm, and the wide and soft fleshy leaves appear alternately. There are aerial roots between the leaves at the lower part of the stem. During cultivation, the surface of cultivated soil is also covered with similar roots, so the roots are required to be well ventilated. Potted substrates are generally collected from fern roots, water moss, bark slices and coconut shell slices. As long as the drainage is good, potted substrates can be used, and the most commonly used is the root of the fern Osmunda japonica. Dry the roots in the sun, cut them into 5 cm long pieces, and then add some humus or peat and mix them with coarse sand or perlite. The fern root in the north is not easy to get, so it can only be bought in the flower market, so bark slices and moss are generally used. It is best to cut the bark block with fir bark, generally 2 pieces of broken bark, sphagnum 1 piece, or a little coarse bone powder. Water moss should be soaked in water first, then the excess water is squeezed out and mixed with some coarse sand, perlite, broken bricks (stones) and so on.
If Phalaenopsis is planted in ordinary pots, it is generally better to use porous pots. In order to facilitate ventilation, a shallow basin should be used, and the height of the basin should be less than the diameter of the basin. They can also be planted in baskets made of wood strips or wires, or tied to branches or trunks of tree ferns. Generally, half a pot of broken tiles is put in the flowerpot to facilitate drainage. If hanging baskets are used, a thin layer of sphagnum must be spread on the bottom of the basket to prevent the potted soil from losing from slats or mesh holes. Generally speaking, Phalaenopsis needs to change pots once a year. When the roots of plants begin to grow again (usually in spring), it is the best time to change pots. Using water moss as cultivation substrate can last for one year, so it is necessary to change the pot once a year. No matter whether you change pots or change pots, don't water the plants in the new pots immediately. In the first three or four weeks, you usually only need to spray the leaves once a day. In the cultivation and management of Phalaenopsis, it is very important to change pots, otherwise, due to the aging of cultivation substrates and the decay of water moss, the air permeability becomes worse and the roots will grow out of the pots. In severe cases, roots will rot, plant growth will decline seriously, and even die. During cultivation, if individual plants are found to be weak or potted substrates are rotten and airtight, pots can be changed at any time to restore their growth potential.
Phalaenopsis generally needs a stable, warm and humid environment all year round, even during a short dormant period. The optimum temperature is 25℃~ 28℃ during the day and 18℃~ 20℃ at night. It should be noted that Phalaenopsis is very sensitive to low temperature and stops growing at 15℃ for a long time. When the temperature is lower than 15℃, Phalaenopsis stops absorbing water, which leads to physiological water shortage of the plant itself and leaves turn yellow and fall off. Any longer, the whole plant will be stripped and the plant will die. Due to the high humidity of Phalaenopsis producing area, the humidity of Phalaenopsis planting places should be kept at 70% to 80% all year round. You can spray water on the leaves once a day, preferably when spraying water. Don't let the water drop stay on the leaves of Phalaenopsis. If it stays on the leaves for one night, black spots will appear on this part. Secondly, Phalaenopsis likes a well-ventilated environment to avoid sultry weather, and poor ventilation can easily lead to rot, resulting in weakened seedling growth and diseases. Phalaenopsis needs bright warm light all year round, so it is necessary to avoid direct glare.