Bromus parvifolius, also known as Prunus parvifolius, Prunus mume and Prunus mume, is a deciduous climbing shrub of Prunus parvifolius of Rhamnaceae. Bark is grayish brown with slender branchlets and needles. The single leaf is opposite, ovoid or ovoid, with fine serrated edges, thin skin and bright green. Small yellow flowers in autumn and winter, nearly spherical drupe, purple-black when ripe, edible, sweet and sour. It is one of the main tree species in China stump bonsai, one of the five famous trees in Lingnan bonsai, and one of the bonsai plants exported to the United States after China's entry into WTO.
First, the production of broom bonsai
1. Material selection: make Bromus miniascape, and select annual branches for cutting propagation in March or rainy season; It can also be propagated by layering in April-June; You can also sow when the fruit is ripe or sow in the seedbed after drying in the shade to cultivate seedlings; In the provinces south of the Yangtze River, you can also dig wild old root piles or small trees in the wild mountains, plant them in the ground and "turn green" and process them into pots.
2. Modeling: Bromus has strong growth ability, long service life, easy modeling, strong germination ability, pruning resistance, soft branchlets and easy knotting. Most of them are roughly tied and finely cut, and they can also be completely trimmed (that is, "storing branches and cutting them off"), or they can be used as the main cutting and cutting as the auxiliary processing modeling. Trees are often made into inclined trunk, horizontal trunk, bent trunk, trunk, double trunk, cliff, root lifting and so on. Leaves are mostly trimmed into natural shapes, and can also be processed into clouds or steamed buns.
3. Potting: It is advisable to transplant potted plants before germination in February-March in spring. Choose a lighter purple sand basin or glazed pottery basin, and the basin shape should be a shallow or medium-deep rectangular basin or an oval basin. Pot soil should be made of loose and fertile slightly acidic humus, river mud and pond mud mixed with sand. When planting the pot, the roots should be trimmed properly, the lateral roots and fibrous roots should be blocked, the fertile soil should be loosened, and the bottom of the pot should be padded with rubble to facilitate drainage and ventilation.
Second, the maintenance management points
1. Water and fertilizer management: Wumei likes a humid environment, and the basin soil should be kept moist during the growth period, but it is necessary to avoid water accumulation in the basin or the basin soil being too wet for a long time. Qin Ying should often water the trees and the surrounding ground in summer, and water them less in winter. During the growing season, apply 1 time pancake fertilizer or manure water every half month, and do not apply fertilizer in hot summer and cold winter.
2. Requirements for light and temperature: Bromus is a subtropical tree species, which likes light, is slightly shade-tolerant, warm and not too cold-resistant. Bonsai should be kept in a sunny, well-ventilated, warm and humid place, and should be properly shaded in summer; It should be moved indoors in late autumn in the north, and the room temperature should be kept at around 8℃. In the south, it can safely overwinter outdoors in leeward and sunny places.
3. Turnover and pruning: usually every 2-3 years, 1 time, and before germination in February-March in spring, 1/2-2/3 old soil will be replaced. Pay attention to the application of sufficient base fertilizer, which can be combined with turning the pot to carry out root lifting treatment. Trim once a year in late spring and early winter to remove dense branches and leaves, and cut off all kinds of branches that affect the tree shape to keep the shape beautiful; In summer and autumn, coring should be carried out many times to promote axillary buds to germinate lateral branches. The more times of enucleation, the denser the branches and leaves.
4. Pest control: the main pest is tea leaf roller, which can be sprayed with 35% phosphorus emulsion 2000 times; The mixture of stone and sulfur can kill longicorn; Scale insects can be removed by manual brushing: aphids can be sprayed with 40% omethoate EC 1000 times.