About 2000 years ago, Indians of Anasazai tribe lived in caves here. They cut mountains, chiseled stones and built houses on cliffs. Among all the stone houses, the largest is Cliff Palace, which was built in 1 1 century. Its architectural form is quite similar to that of modern apartments. It has 200 rooms, divided into two floors, three floors and four floors with different specifications. There are hundreds of rooms. There is no obvious difference between rooms. Its construction scale is huge and its technical skills are quite skilled. There are also many circular basements on the outer edge of the Cliff Palace, where social activities and sacrifices are held within the tribe. There are also some open-air courtyards dedicated to cooking and doing all kinds of housework.

It is speculated that it may be a matriarchal society at that time, emphasizing democracy and equality. At that time, Indians had mastered the technology of stone house construction and water conservancy engineering, and could engage in textile, pottery, jewelry manufacturing and sculpture, and had certain trade activities.

The second largest architectural site is the "Spruce House" built in12nd century, where there are 100 rooms. Visitors have to walk a dangerous long ladder to see the stone house built on the cliff: so does entering the basement. In addition, there are many buildings, such as Sun Temple, Balcony House, Sunset House, Square Tower House, Cedar Tower and Echo Room. There are more than 500 ancient houses here. In addition, terraces are built on the slopes on both sides of the canyon, and there are pools at the bottom of the valley.