Yulong Jiechi is now the urgench of Turkmenistan.

In the first Western Expedition (12 19- 1225) A.D. 12 19, Genghis Khan killed the Mongolian caravan and messengers under the pretext of Horazim, a powerful western country. His four sons, Shu Chi, Chahetai, Wokuotai and Tuo Lei, and generals Subutai and Zhe Bie accompanied him. After the Mongols invaded Central Asia, they captured Samarkand, the capital of Hualamozi, in 1220. Its king fled to the west, and Genghis Khan ordered Zhe Bie to pursue him. As a result, the Mongolian army crossed the Caucasus between the Caspian Sea and the Black Sea to the west and went deep into Russia. 1223 defeated the joint forces of chinchak and Russia. In addition, Genghis Khan pursued Prince Zalandin of Varamozi and defeated him in the Indus Valley. 1225, Genghis Khan returned to the east triumphantly, and enfeoffed his native land and newly conquered land in the western regions to his four sons, and later developed into the Four Great Khan countries.

In the second Western Expedition (1235- 1244), Genghis Khan died shortly before the demise of Xixia, and the last three sons succeeded to the throne. 1235, Wokuotai sent Badou, the second son of his brother Shu Chi, to lead 500,000 troops to the western expedition again. The Western Expedition Army soon wiped out the flower thorn submodule and killed Zalandin. Soon after, he conquered Russia on a large scale, captured cities such as Moscow and Kiev, divided his forces into several roads, and advanced to the heart of Europe. 124 1 year, the Mongolian army in Beilu defeated the Polish and German allied forces in legnica, southwest Poland. Badou personally led the main force of the Mongolian army to enter Hungary from the middle road and won a great victory. His striker went straight to Venice, Italy, which shocked the whole of Europe and was called the "Yellow Disaster". Just as the western countries were in constant fear, Badou suddenly received the bad news of Wokuotai's death and acted quickly.

The Third Western Expedition (1253- 1260) After 125 1 arrived at the Great Khan position, Meng Ge led his brother Xu Liewu to the Western Expedition. The main direction of this western expedition is southwest Asia, and the first goal is to eliminate Murahida (northern Iran on the south bank of the Caspian Sea). 1257, the Mongolian army leveled the invaded land of Mullah, marched westward, captured Baghdad (now Baghdad), slaughtered 800,000 people, and wiped out the Abbasid dynasty for more than 500 years. Later, Xu Liewu led his troops to capture the Arab holy places of Mecca and Damascus. His striker once crossed the sea to collect rich waves (that is, the island of Cyprus in the eastern Mediterranean). He was supposed to attack Egypt further. Because of the news that Mongo was killed, he led the main force to dispatch troops.

From 14th to 19th years in Yuan Taizu (1219-1224), Genghis Khan led a war with the kingdom of Hualamozi. After Genghis Khan destroyed the Western Liao Dynasty, his territory was bordered by the most powerful country in Central Asia-Huatuo Mozi Kingdom. The kingdom of the flower thorn submodule was originally a small country in the eastern part of the Caspian Sea, and its capital was Wugong Gechi (formerly known as the flower thorn submodule and Urda Chi, and the Mongols called it Yulong Jiechi, now in Urgenchi, Turkmenistan). In the sixth year of Song Qingyuan (1200), after Maha succeeded to the throne, he gradually became stronger and captured the western part of Liaoning. Through many expeditions, it annexed neighboring countries such as Persia (now Iran) and Afghanistan and reached its peak. Xindu was built in Samarkand (now Samarkand, Uzbekistan) in an attempt to explore Mongolia, and sent envoys to Zhongdu (now Beijing) to inquire about the actual situation and route of Mongolia. Since then, due to the enfeoffment of various factions, the national strength has gradually weakened. In the 10th year of Yuan Taizu (12 15), Genghis Khan sent envoys to the kingdom of Huatuo Mozi to conclude a trade agreement. According to the agreement, Genghis Khan sent 450 envoys and caravans and 500 camels, carrying a lot of gold, silver, jewelry and commodities for trade. As for Ortera (a job is a thorn in the side, in the northwest of Chimkent, Kazakhstan), the governor also found it difficult to make a fortune, falsely accused the caravan of being a spy, reported to the king for slaughter, and embezzled goods and camels. In order to concentrate on attacking gold, avoid interrupting trade and strive for a peaceful solution, Genghis Khan sent envoys to Maha at the end of the book to accuse him of treachery and demand the surrender of the murderer. Mahamo refused to ask, killed the ambassador, shaved off the beards of the two ambassadors and escorted them out of the country. Genghis Khan then paid Muqali to attack the gold and conquered the flower thorn submodule. In the 13th year (12 18), after the demise of the Western Liao Dynasty, the western border of Mongolia bordered the western regions. Fourteen years, Genghis Khan pro-unified army for five years. Destroy 400,000 troops and conquer the thorn submodule.

/kloc-in June of 0/4, Genghis Khan's pro-unification army set out from Ershi River, crossed Altai Mountain, and passed Bieshi Bali (now the broken city in northern Jimsar, Xinjiang), Yangji Bali (now the northwest of Manas, Xinjiang), Tiandi (now Zhaimu Lake, Xinjiang), Wuer (now the southeast of Xinjiang), Arimuri (now the northwest of Huocheng, Xinjiang) and Hacilu. At the end of Maha, he reached an agreement with the minister, ordering the cities to stick to clearing the field and not to go to war. Genghis Khan then arrived in Hushiwal around the Mid-Autumn Festival, took a short break and immediately attacked the Syr Darya River. Zhe Bie led 5000 cavalry to attack the strategic location at the end of Maha, and entered the upper reaches of Amu Darya River via Uighur, KeRohal (now north of Kashgar, Xinjiang) and Baghana (now Fergana, Uzbekistan). In order to create the illusion of cutting off the connection between the kingdom and the two major resource areas and Afghanistan and Khorasan, the base for preparing the new army, and attract Mahathir's attention. At the end of Maha, the recruits sent the main force to Rahan to deal with Zhe Bie. Genghis Khan led the main force to take the opportunity to advance to Ortera on the banks of the Syr Darya River, dividing the army into four parts; The First Route Army was commanded by Prince Chagatai and Wokuotai and stationed in Ortera. After six months of storming, Hottelart was finally occupied and it was difficult to get out alive. The Second Route Army, under the command of the Prince, captured Signak (also known as Heihei, now southeast of Qiyili, Kazakhstan), Mistra Pass (now Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan), Barchi Pass (now northwest of Qiyili) and Felt (now southeast of Korcyl and Olda, Kazakhstan) along the northwest of the Syr Darya River. The third road, under the command of Alahei, Shikoku and Tahai, captured Bernakert (now southwest of Tashkent, Uzbekistan) and Sudan (now Leninabad, Tajikistan) along the southeast of the Syr Darya River. Genghis Khan and Tuo Lei led the main force, with Subei as the pioneer, crossed the Syr Darya River, crossed the 600-kilometer-wide Kigilkum Desert, and took Buhuala (now Bukhara, Uzbekistan) and samar Gan directly, thus cutting off the channel through which Maha provided support to the besieged cities.

/kloc-in the autumn of 0/5, Genghis Khan sent Shu Chi as the commander in chief, and Chahetai and Wokuotai as the deputy, commanding the 1st and 2nd Route Army to attack Yulong Jieshou and conquer it the following year. It took Genghis Khan a year and seven months to wipe out 300,000 troops of Huala, seize Huala's homeland and the river area, and win the battle in the river with a strategic decisive battle, which laid the foundation for the demise of Huala. Genghis Khan's army arrived in Samarkand and got information. Maha had crossed the river from Tormi (now Termez in northern Uzbekistan) and stayed in Xiaying with few troops. So he sent three generals, Zhe Bie, Subutai and Tohuchar, each with 1000 cavalry to attack. At the end of Maha, he thought that the new capital, samar Gancheng, was strong, easy to defend but difficult to attack. After three to four years, it would fall in five days, so he led his troops to flee. It passes through Nahupu (now north of Mazar-e-Sharif in Afghanistan), Barihei (now west of Mazar-e-Sharif), NiChable (now Chabul in northeastern Iran), Kaijiyun (now Ghazwin in in northwestern Tehran, Iran), Hamadan (now Hamadan in southwestern Tehran, Iran), Mazandaran (now Mazandaran province in northeastern Iran) and ashur Aidi Island in the Caspian Sea (now west of Gorgan estuary in Iran)

When Muhammad learned that his mother and concubines were arrested and his young son died of pleurisy, he knew that he would die soon, and he made Zalandin his heir. Genghis Khan immediately ordered Zhe Bie and Subei to lead 30,000 cavalry (including Tochar cavalry 1 0,000) to explore the North Vietnam Caucasus. Zhe Bie and northern Jiangsu led the troops to bypass the Caspian Sea from the south, entered Azerbaijan (now Azerbaijan), fought the war of Georgia (or only Gul, now Georgia), swept the north and south of the Caucasus, held the wars of the Telek River and the Galega River, broke 65,438+Russian troops, opened the door to Russia, and moved back to China. Tuo Lei was ordered to lead an army to sweep the Khorasan area west of Amu Darya (now southern Turkmenistan, northeastern Iran and northwestern Afghanistan). Genghis Khan led the main force to capture Telfan and Ferry, marched into Urta area (now northern Afghanistan) and Saman (now Samangan in northern Afghanistan), captured Badaha Wound (now north of Hindu Kush Mountain in northeastern Afghanistan, south of Penchi River) and Balihei and Talikan (now Talikan in northeastern Afghanistan), settled in the area north of Amu Darya, and then marched in and conquered another Talikan (also known as Naisi) Zalandin to become king. Yulong Jiechi has 90,000 defenders, but the defenders do not support or even plot to kill Zalandin. Zalandin led Timur Malik and 300 other riders to Ning Ji (now Ghazni, southwest of Kabul) and called for extensive efforts to save the country. His men defected from all directions, and Khan's commander-in-chief, Ma Lu, and Saifu Aiding-arila Hei each led 40,000 troops to arrive. Zalandin gained confidence, rearmed and prepared for a counterattack. The two armies joined forces in Baluoyin (also known as Bamiyan, now Bamiyan, northwest of Kabul). Genghis Khan immediately led the troops of Chagatai, Wokuotai and Tuo Lei to March on Baluoyin, pursuing Zalandin, and held the Battle of Shenhe (now Indus River) in 161/month, killing more than 40,000 Zalandin, and Zalandin led more than 50 people to flee to India. Genghis Khan sent two generals, Tuo Lei and Bala, across the Shenhe River to pursue Zalandin, but failed to return.

Comments: Genghis Khan's thorny Mozi War occupies an important position in the history of China War, which is characterized by the comprehensive use of military, political and diplomatic affairs. The basic principle of Genghis Khan's strategy is: destroy its strength, seize its first, and solve its body. Politically, we tried to win the surrender of other nobles, officials, religious leaders, military leaders and other representatives. Militarily, according to the characteristics of Hualamozi's defensive points, he adopted circuitous and sudden attacks and other tactics to successively occupy the strategic points of the other side, thus winning the first western expedition.