Sapphire = blue sapphire

Ruby = Ruby

Sapphire and ruby belong to corundum family.

Treatment: Gemstones or non-gem-grade minerals with poor quality are made into gems by methods such as film covering, irradiation and filling. It is manual after processing.

Optimization: Natural gemstones are still natural after heating optimization.

Burning or not burning is actually an optimization method of gem-grade corundum (not just sapphire), and the purity and color are improved by heating the gem. This method has been widely used in jewelry industry since its invention. About 90% rubies and sapphires on the market are heat-treated, that is, "burned". Heat treatment is considered as a natural treatment method, so the heat-treated gemstones also belong to "natural gemstones", and the world-renowned gemstone laboratories all think that the thermally optimized gemstones belong to "natural gemstones". This concept is relative to diffusion treatment, film covering and other means, and belongs to man's unnatural gem.

Before talking about theory, let's give an example of moral integrity:

Thermal optimization is equivalent to cultivating "premature" gems in the nursery of premature babies, which is similar to recreating an underground environment for breeding gems.

Below: The corundum color of "premature birth" is gray; "Old corundum is no longer transparent and colorless; It's just a gem that has been mined. This is fate.

Thermal optimization is called "primary firing" in the gemstone industry, and the gemstone is only heated at high temperature (400- 1700 degrees) without adding any chemical components (adding beryllium, titanium and other elements to color the gemstone is called secondary firing, which is unnatural). Through one-time heating, impurities such as rutile in gemstones can be eliminated and the transparency of gemstones can be improved. Through repeated heating, the color (mainly saturation) of gemstones can be improved. Gems around the world are heated in different ways because of different properties such as impurities. For example, pink sapphires in Madagascar are usually heated to 400 degrees.

The picture below shows the sapphire before and after heating, which can be seen at a glance.

The figure below shows the filamentous impurities of unburned sapphire.

Thermal optimization is a permanent, irreversible and harmless gem optimization method, and the stone after thermal optimization is also natural. When it comes to price, there is a big difference between sapphires with more than 5 carats and rubies with more than 3 carats whether they have been thermally optimized or not. For ordinary consumer-grade gems, the difference is very small, about 20%.