In the 7th century AD, Tunmi Sambuza was born in Zi Long County on the south bank of the Yarlung Zangbo River, which is now Shannan region of Tibet (it is also said that he was born in the Tunmi family in Nimu County). My father, Tunmi Aru, is the commanding minister of Zangpu Songzangambu in Tubo. Mother's name is aunt.
As an adult, Tumisanbuza is the thirty-second generation Tubo Zanpasong Gambu, galloping on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and running through the Tubo dynasty, displaying his ambition. After pacifying civil strife, conquering Qiang people and unifying Tubo, Songtsan Gampo established friendly relations with neighboring countries such as Nepal, Borneo and Tang Dynasty, and actively developed production and formulated strict systems. Due to the communication between ethnic groups, the communication and development of politics, economy and culture, and the urgent need to manage state affairs, Songzan Gambu was deeply distressed by the lack of writing. In the first half of the 7th century, Songtsan Gambo sent 16 smart and handsome young people, such as Tumi Sambuza, who was carefully selected by hundreds of people under his rule, to visit relatives and friends in Tianzhu and learn Sanskrit and Tianzhu writing.
"Tunmi and other roads passed through Yangbu (near Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal), and King Banipura lost to the King of Morocco, who gave him summer medicine." Exotic exotic birds and animals did not scare these young people who are determined to learn, but the tropical climate of Tianzhu made it difficult for young people who have lived in the cold plateau for a long time to adapt. Among them, 15 people died of illness in other places, only one person was Tunmi Sambuza, and there was also a brahmin named Li Jing (translated by Li Jin, Li Jin or Li Bin) and a person named Rajebai. During his schooling, he respected Buddha by swallowing rice, studied hard and got excellent grades, so he was honored as "Sanbuza" by Tianzhu people (meaning virtuous Tibetan, and "swallowing rice" is his surname).
After that, Tumi Sambuza returned to Tubo with his teacher's kindness and knowledge and understanding of Sanskrit. According to Songzan Gambu's last wish, he took 50 basic letters of Sanskrit as a model, combined with the characteristics of Tibetan, and created 30 basic letters of Tibetan. Four Tibetan vowels are created from 16 vowels in Sanskrit. Tumi also removed five reflexive words and five overlapping words from the 34 consonants in Sanskrit, added the vowel ah word to the vowel, and added six words such as Jia, Qi, Jia, Xia, What and A to Sanskrit, and worked out the Tibetan language with four vowels and 30 consonants. According to historical records, after Tunmi created Tibetan, he made a Tibetan eulogy and dedicated it to Songzan Gambu. Zambo is very happy and grateful. In order to inspire his subjects to learn Tibetan, Zampa worshipped him as a teacher. I studied Tibetan sentences and other cultures in Maru Palace, which is not in contact with the outside world, and studied behind closed doors for 3 years. Songtsan Gambu respects Tumi very much, but some ministers think it should not be so respected. Tunmi said, "I was the first to stay in the snowy area." So the anger subsided, everyone learned Tibetan, and the lotus of wisdom blossomed. Guelton Zan, Gaer Qinling, Nianyong Sanyangdun and other politicians, military strategists and architectural talents have emerged in the Tubo region. Later, in order to correctly use the pinyin methods and rules of Tibetan and function words-"ge", Tunmi Sambuza compiled & lang; Thirty ode to grammatical roots &; Shout; People in Xizang had his own writing for the first time. With the continuous emergence of works and translations recorded in Tibetan, Tibetan history has entered a brand-new stage of civilization.
Tommi Sambuza is not only unique in Tibetan language and grammar, but also a translator. In addition to writing &; Lang; Thirty Poems on the Phase Wheel &; Shout; (That is&; Lang; Thirty ode to grammar &; Shout; ), amp lang; The law of personality change &; Shout; And. Lang; On swallowing rice grain and letting it go. (That is&; Lang; Grammatical gender usage &; Shout; ) and other eight language and grammar works, and he also translated &; Lang; Twenty-one secret classics &; Shout; And. Lang; Baoxing Dalagni Jing &; Shout; And. Lang; Ten Good Classics &; Shout; And. Lang; Praise for Prajna &; Shout; And. Lang; Baoyunjing &; Shout; And. Lang; Baojian jingrang; More than 20 kinds of Buddhist scriptures. After that, not only many translations were included in&; Lang; The tripitaka Ganjul &; Shout; In addition, Buddhist classics and various cultural works from Tianzhu, Handi, Nipolo, Keshimiro, Hotan and other places have been translated into Tibetan, digested and integrated, forming a world-famous Tibetan culture.
Tommy Sambuza was a great linguist and translator in early Tibetan society. His name and immortal achievements will go down in history and be admired by future generations.