Death deprived Magellan of the honor of being the first explorer to sail around the world. 15 19 was ordered by the Spanish king to lead an expedition to find the westbound route from Spice Islands to east indies. The journey westbound across the Atlantic Ocean to Brazil was smooth, but then the situation began to deteriorate. A ship in the fleet was wrecked in the storm. Then several captains plotted against him. A ship turned around and came back Magellan executed one of the conspirators, leaving them on the desolate beach and setting sail again. When the fleet arrived in the Mariana Islands, local residents attacked them. Magellan was killed in a battle with a tribe on the Philippine island of Makatan.

Attached drawings:/jxfl/200406/14/10406402.files/image002.jpg.

Story 2: The earth is round-the story of Magellan's first dream of sailing around the world.

In the history of world navigation and exploration, people will never forget the great Italian navigator Columbus. However, although Columbus believed that the earth was round and he could sail westward across the Atlantic Ocean to the East, unfortunately, he finally failed to realize his dream of sailing around the world.

What really realized the dream of sailing around the world was another famous Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan.

Magellan was born into a knight's family in Portugal. Since childhood, he has been attracted by the adventure stories of famous navigators such as Portuguese Diaz, Da Gama and Italian Columbus. It is said that they brought back an amazing amount of gold, ivory, jewelry, spices, etc. from the East, which fascinated Magellan and dreamed of coming to the rich East one day to realize the glory and glory of his life.

However, Magellan, who was interested in navigation and exploration, could not get a king in his own country.

Trust has been framed for no reason. Disappointed and angry, he turned to the king of Spain, Portugal's enemy, for help. Incredibly, he was lucky enough to win the support of the king of Spain.

1 565438+August 20091day, Seville pier in Spain was very lively. Looking at the people who came to see me off, Magellan was filled with emotion and thought that he was about to embark on a journey of exploration.

Gunfire sounded, Magellan secretly vowed: "I must return with honor!" " "

Then, at his command, a Spanish fleet consisting of five large ships and 265 sailors immediately set sail and broke the waves.

According to the plan, Magellan followed Columbus's route. Along the way, he led the crew to overcome numerous difficulties and obstacles, suppressed the rebellion launched by the Spanish in the fleet, and finally made the crew become their loyal followers.

1520 65438+1October 18. Magellan's fleet continued to sail south of the South American coast. On this day, Magellan announced to the crew: "We have sailed south along this coast for so long, but we still haven't found the channel to the South China Sea. Now, we will continue to move south. If we can't find the population of the strait at 75 west longitude, then we will turn to the east. "

So the fleet moved south along the coast for another three days. At 2 1, Magellan found a narrow entrance to the west near 52 south latitude.

Magellan excitedly looked at the entrance that could bring him hope, and firmly ordered the fleet to move forward in this seemingly sinister and abnormal strait. The crew nervously looked at the steep mountain peak of 1000 meters standing on both sides, and advanced cautiously against the turbulent wind and waves in the passage.

The strait is getting narrower and narrower, and no one knows whether to face death or hope further, but a firm belief and adventurous spirit push Magellan forward without hesitation. He boldly and heroically encouraged morale: "The strait in front of us is exactly the passage we are looking for from the Atlantic Ocean to the east. Crossing this strait, we will succeed! "

Encouraged by Magellan, the fleet bypassed the southern tip of South America step by step. 1520165438+1October 28th, after going through all the hardships, the fleet suddenly saw a vast sea-they finally rushed out of the strait and found a passage from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean! Magellan and the crew were so excited that tears filled their eyes. Columbus didn't realize his dream, they did! This strait was later called "strait of magellan".

Since then, Magellan's fleet has been sailing in the Pacific Ocean for three months without food or water. They had to live by drinking sewage, eating sawdust and even eating rats on board, so many sailors got scurvy and died on the way.

1521March, Magellan arrived in the Philippines, where he clashed with local residents. Magellan was killed in this conflict, and the rest of the crew continued to sail, passing through the Indian Ocean, bypassing the Cape of Good Hope and sailing north along the west coast of the African continent.

1522 In September, only 18 members of this three-year voyage team returned to Spain. The voyage around the world led by Magellan proved a truth to the world for the first time with iron facts: the earth is round.

Story 3: Magellan

Magellan was born in 1480 in a shabby knight family in northern Portugal. /kloc-entered the palace at the age of 0/0 and served as the queen's attendant. /kloc-entered the Portuguese national maritime office at the age of 0/6, so he is familiar with maritime work.

At that time, Columbus had discovered the new continent of America, and Da Gama also returned from India, bringing back great oriental wealth. With longing for oriental wealth and ocean exploration, Magellan joined an overseas expedition in 1505 and began his ocean exploration career. During this expedition to India, Malacca and Malay Archipelago, in order to compete with Arabs for trade territory and gain the hegemony of South Asian seas, the expedition fought several wars with Arab businessmen and residents along the way, and Magellan was injured three times.

After Magellan recovered from his injury, the ship ran aground on the way back to Portugal. When everyone was disheartened, Magellan stepped forward and led the surviving sailors to overcome many difficulties until they were rescued. Because of this, Magellan was promoted to captain and was left in India. Since then, Magellan participated in the colonial wars in India and Southeast Asia, and explored and traveled in this area.

He learned from the field that the East of the Southeast Asian Islands is the Wang Yang Sea. He firmly believed that the earth was round, and speculated that Columbus must have discovered America to the east of the sea. He made up his mind to travel around the world. 15 13 Magellan returned to Portugal. He repeatedly asked the king to allow him to organize a fleet to explore all over the world, but the king ignored him. Desperate Magellan had to leave the motherland in 15 17 and go to the fortress commander in Seville, Spain. The commander of the fortress greatly appreciated his talent and courage. He not only married his daughter to him, but also recommended him to the king of Spain. Magellan's plan to sail around the world was approved by the King of Spain and he signed an agreement on ocean exploration.

According to the agreement, Magellan was appointed as the leader of the expedition, and the ships of the fleet were provided by the state, and the navigation expenses were borne by the state. Any land found in the expedition belongs to the king, Magellan is the governor, and one twentieth of all the income from the newly discovered land belongs to Magellan. In order to supervise Magellan, the king sent members of the royal family as representatives of the fleet.

1565438+In September, 2009, Magellan led a mighty fleet consisting of more than 200 people and five ships, and set off from Seville, Spain, and began a global ocean exploration.

After more than two months of drifting, the fleet crossed the Atlantic Ocean and reached the coast of Brazil. The fleet continued to sail south along the coast and came to a wide bay in the second year 1 month.

"The channel is found!" "The channel is found!"

The sailors cheered happily, thinking that they had reached the southern tip of the United States and could enter the new ocean. However, when the fleet advanced in the bay, it was found that the seawater had turned into fresh water. It was originally just a wide estuary, which is the outlet of the La Plata River in Uruguay today.

The fleet continued to move south. The seasons in the southern hemisphere are just the opposite of those in the northern hemisphere. In March, South America approached winter, and sailing was extremely difficult because of the snowstorm. At the end of the month, the fleet came to St. Julian's port and stayed here for the winter.

Due to the failure of several attempts to explore the Strait, most sailors were discouraged, and the three captains also took the opportunity to oppose Magellan. Magellan made a plan to quell the rebellion and avoid the end of the voyage.

After nearly five months of rest, in August, in the spring season in this area, Magellan led the fleet to set off again. As one ship sank during the voyage in May, there were only four ships left at this time.

Two months later, the fleet found another estuary at 52 degrees south latitude. The strait is winding, narrow and wide, and the ports are criss-crossing and choppy. Magellan sent a ship to explore the sea, but the ship turned around and fled back to Spain. Magellan had to lead the remaining three ships to grope their way in the maze-like channel. Magellan led the fleet forward with a strong will. After 1 month's circuitous voyage in this strait, they finally walked out of the west mouth of the strait and saw the vast sea. Magellan, who has always been known for his composure and firmness, shed tears with excitement.

In order to commemorate Magellan's contribution to this voyage, later generations named this strait "strait of magellan". If you open the map of the world, you will find it at the southernmost tip of South America, 52 degrees south latitude.

The fleet has been sailing in this ocean for more than three months, and the sea surface has been calm. Therefore, they named it "Pacific Ocean".

152 1 At the beginning of March, when water and food were exhausted and everyone was tired and weak, the fleet came to the rich Mariana Islands and was warmly treated by the local residents. The fleet arrived in the Philippines at the end of March. How excited Magellan was when Henry, the servant brought back from Malacca, spoke to the local aborigines in Malay! His dream of sailing around the world will finally come true. He sailed from west to west and finally reached the east. He proved with irrefutable facts that the earth is really round.

In order to conquer this rich land rich in spices, this brave but ambitious Magellan tried to use the contradictions between local tribes to achieve his goal, but in a conflict with local tribes, Magellan was killed. Finally, Magellan's assistant burned a broken ship and led the two remaining ships across the Straits of Malacca, through the Indian Ocean and the Cape of Good Hope, and finally returned to Spain in September 1522. At this time, there is only one ship left in the whole fleet, 18 crew.

From September 15 19 to September 1922, it took Magellan and his crew three years to finally complete the first round-the-world voyage. Although Magellan passed away, his contribution to navigation and science in later generations is unforgettable for all of us.