Identifying gold requires some experience. Here are just some identification methods.
(1) Look at the color: The higher the purity of gold jewelry, the darker the color. In the absence of a gold medal, the general fineness can be determined according to the following colors (based on cyan gold). The so-called green gold is just silver in gold); The fineness of deep red yellow is above 95%, light red yellow is 90-95%, light yellow is 80-85%, blue yellow is 65-70%, blue white is only 50-60%, and yellow white is less than 50%. The so-called seven greens, eight yellows and nine reds can be used for reference. (2) Balance weight: The specific gravity of gold is 19.32, which is heavier than silver, copper, lead, zinc, aluminum and other metals. Because the volume of gold is more than 40% heavier than that of silver, 1.2 times heavier than that of copper and 6. 1 times heavier than that of aluminum. Gold jewelry should feel heavy in your hand, while fake gold jewelry feels light and floating. This method is not suitable for gold ornaments with precious stones.
(3) Look at hardness: Pure gold is soft and low in hardness, and shallow marks can be drawn with nails, and tooth marks can be left after biting. Gold ornaments with high color are softer than those with low color, and the more copper they contain, the harder they are. Bending method can also be used to test hardness. Pure gold is soft and easy to bend, and the lower the purity, the more difficult it is to bend.
(4) Listen to the sound: When real gold with a purity of over 99% is thrown on the hard ground, it will beep, without rhythm and elasticity. Fake or low-quality gold sounds crisp and dull, generally making a "Dangdang" sound, with a lingering sound, and violently beating after landing.
(5) Burning with fire: Burn the jewelry to be identified with fire (do not melt and deform the jewelry), and observe the color change after cooling. If the surface is still golden, it is pure gold; If the color darkens or turns black to varying degrees, it is not pure gold. Generally, the lower the fineness, the thicker the color, and all of them turn black, indicating that they are fake gold ornaments.
(6) Look at the mark: domestic gold ornaments are purified and prepared according to international standards, and marked with marks, such as "24K" for "full red" or "pure gold"; 18K gold, marked with the words "18K". If the color is lower than Locke, the K-gold seal number cannot be printed according to regulations. Nowadays, criminals in the society often make fake brands and imitate stamps, and use rare gold, inferior gold and even brass as real gold. Therefore, the identification of gold ornaments should be based on the comprehensive judgment of samples to determine the authenticity and color.
Platinum and platinum
In fact, simply speaking, platinum is an element and platinum is a mixture. Platinum: Platinum is chemically more stable than gold and its price is higher than that of Huang Jingui. Used to make high-end jewelry. The "pt900" or "pt950" seen on jewelry products represent that the platinum content in jewelry is 90% and 95% respectively. The purity of pure platinum jewelry is generally 95%, while the purity of 18k gold is only 75%. No metal can be completely pure, and there are impurities mixed with other metals. Platinum has almost no impurities, and its purity is extremely high. It will not fade and change color, and it can still maintain its luster over time. The pure white luster of platinum can well reflect the true light of diamonds. Rare platinum is 35 times as rare as gold. In the world, it can only be mined in a few places, mainly South Africa and Russia, as well as a few areas in Zimbabwe, Canada and South America. Only 88 tons of platinum is made into ornaments every year, while 2700 tons of gold. The quantity of platinum ore is less, and the ratio of platinum ore to gold ore is 1 to 10. The density and weight of Eternal Platinum make it more durable than other jewelry metals. All precious metals leave scratches, including platinum. However, the scratches on platinum only move the metal and will not reduce its volume, while the scratches on gold will bring wear and reduce the volume of gold. If visible scratches appear on platinum, qualified jewelers can polish it again. Platinum: A mixture containing gold (au) and a small amount of other metals. The highest purity of platinum visible in the market is 75%. It is made of 75% gold and 25% silver, nickel, copper and other metals, that is, white gold. Marked as 18k platinum, 750 platinum, 750g, etc. How to distinguish platinum from platinum depends mainly on the imprint on jewelry, in which the ring will be marked on the inner ring and the necklace will be marked on the buckle. Platinum jewelry containing more than 990‰ platinum is generally marked with "sufficient platinum". The symbol "p950" indicates platinum with a purity of 950‰. Platinum should be marked kk number. K refers to the gold content. For example, those marked with 18k white, 750g, 750k gold and au750 are all platinum with a gold content of 18k. And platinum head ... >>
Question 2: What do you think of gold? . . Why does it smell! This is also a good question and answer. . Because gold and silver have one characteristic. . . Is to absorb toxic things from the human body. Of course, it smells a little strange when it's burned. . Let me ask you if the gold is empty. And whether it is double-sided. There is a small hole at the bottom. Besides, not a word. True blue will never stain. You are very clever. Know how to burn. . . If you burn it until it turns red, it won't fade. That's true (but it's best not to do it in the future. Because gold will melt if it is overcooked. . . Actually, there's the easiest way. Just go to a jewelry processing shop or a gold shop and show it to the owner. . Generally, you can tell at a glance! ! No need to open the money! !
Question 3: How to judge gold, true or false is as follows:
1, look at the color
According to the different luster and color of gold, pure gold, k gold, real gold and fake gold can be roughly distinguished. In other words, red and yellow (yellow-red) is the best gold with a fineness of over 95%; The fineness of positive yellow is about 80%; Cyan accounts for about 70%; Yellow is light gray, and the fineness is about 50%. Therefore, there is a formula of "seven green, eight yellow, nine five red, yellow and white with gray and half gold". For jewelry that has been hidden for a long time, there is a saying that "copper turns green, silver turns black, and gold never changes color".
Step 2 consider
With the same volume of silver, lead and tin, the weight of gold is about twice. Real gold feels like falling in your hand, while copper or others only feel heavy and don't fall.
3. Listen to the sound
When high-quality gold jewelry is knocked or thrown to the hard ground, it will make a dull and low sound of "poof-poof-poof", which has no rhythm and elasticity. K gold has rhyme, sound and elasticity. The greater the elasticity, the sharper the rhyme, and the older the person, the worse the color. Fake or low-quality gold sounds crisp and dull, generally making a "Dangdang" sound, with a lingering sound, and violently beating after landing.
4. Bending hardness
When high-quality gold is carved with pins or nails, it will leave traces. More than 97% of colored gold jewelry is folded two or three times, and wrinkles appear at the bend, also known as fish scales; Gold ornaments with a fineness of about 95% feel hard when bending, and the scales are not obvious; About 90% of gold ornaments are hard when bending, and there are no fish scales; Gold jewelry with many impurities will break after two or three bends; If it is made of gold, it will break when bent, and there are obvious sand grains on the cross section. When using this method, the width and thickness of jewelry should be considered. Thick and wide jewelry is harder, while thin and narrow jewelry is softer.
5. Identify colors with touchstones.
The color of gold jewelry is determined by grinding the gold card (the gold medal whose color has been determined) and the measured jewelry on the touchstone and comparing the colors. The method should be carried out under natural light and fluorescent lamps, not under direct sunlight and incandescent lamps.
In the past, people often used a touchstone to determine the approximate content of gold. Touchstone is a mixed black carbonaceous mineral such as timely and opal. If you draw a stripe on the touchstone, you can see the approximate fineness of gold. Pure gold: shiny deep yellow and thick yellow; Silver-bearing gold: light to red and green; Gold containing more than 25% silver: earthy white; Copper-bearing gold: the color is deepened, showing a red tone; Gold containing silver and copper: yellow; Gold containing zinc, copper and nickel: platinum.
Step 6 use acid spots
On the touchstone, grind the gold channel of the identified jewelry and the correct brand respectively, and test nitric acid on the gold channel with a glass rod. Because the chemical property of gold element is stable and does not react with acid, its color remains unchanged. If it is not gold or impure gold, the path of gold disappears or changes. The law of change is "three fast and three slow", that is, the low color disappears quickly and the high color disappears slowly; Mixed gold disappears quickly, while clear gold disappears slowly; Large mixed gold disappears quickly, while small mixed gold disappears slowly. According to the disappearance of the golden path, the color of gold ornaments can be determined by comparing cards.
Step 7 burn with fire
Burn the jewelry to be identified (don't make it melt and deform), and observe the color change after cooling. If the surface is still golden, it is pure gold; If the color darkens or turns black to varying degrees, it is not pure gold. Generally, the lower the fineness, the thicker the color, and all of them turn black, indicating that they are fake gold ornaments. When it really burns red, it is quenched into water and its color remains unchanged. It really doesn't change color in case of fire, it doesn't resist fire, and it becomes dark purple.
In an experiment, two kinds of gold with different purity were melted by professional welding torch, one containing a small amount of impurities and the other all gold, and the melted gold showed completely different States. The gold necklace with low purity is dark in color and rough in section, and the place with flux is obviously black; But tiger balm is still as bright as new, and the melted surface is smooth and clean, even brighter than before.
Question 4: What do you think of gold? ◆ What are the simple ways to identify the authenticity of gold?
Among the most common gold in society, raw gold has placer gold; There is pure gold in cooked gold; Among the clear colored gold, all kinds of gold ornaments, gold bars and gold utensils are the main ones. The general method to identify the authenticity of these gold is to shrink them with nitric acid. If there is no reaction, most of them are gold, but there are also platinum (platinum) and a few rare and precious metals that are not afraid of nitric acid, but people do not often encounter such metals.
There are many adulteration methods of placer gold, mainly including:
(1) gold-plated brass, placer gold mixed with copper powder and pyrite;
(2) silver-plated placer gold mixed with silver powder;
(3) placer gold is added at the end of the furnace.
● Generally, the first kind of adulterated placer gold can be preliminarily judged whether it is fake or not as long as it is burned with fast fire. If there are many black objects, it is adulteration. If placer gold is completely unchanged, it is real placer gold; Or use sand acid to remove some of its grinding marks. If the wear marks change or disappear, it is fake placer gold.
In the second kind of fake placer gold, because silver is not easy to be discolored by fire, it can be used to cut open the placer gold ball and see whether there are white spots on the cross section under a magnifying glass. If there is, it is fake placer gold; Or use the grinding path of nitric acid point again. If there are white spots, it is mixed with silver placer gold.
● The third placer gold is the most deceptive, because the ash in the furnace is not afraid of burning or acid. At this time, it is best to grind the first part with aqua regia (a mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid of 3: 1). If the wear marks disappear, it is real placer gold. If there are obvious traces, it is that fake placer gold is mixed at the bottom of the stove.
● There is a formula to identify the clear gold in cooked gold, that is, weighing, looking at color, judging rhyme, folding soft and hard, and using acid points. Because the density of gold is obviously higher than common metals such as copper, silver, lead and zinc, it is about twice as heavy as silver and copper with the same volume. If the object is gold and feels heavy, it is a "golden pendant" of the human system, and vice versa.
● Gold has its unique golden luster (except those with low fineness). Pure gold will shine brilliantly in strong light, which other metals, including copper, do not have.
● Gold with high fineness has no charm and elasticity when thrown on the ground, while gold with low fineness has slightly brighter sound quality, and copper products are thrown loudly on the ground. Therefore, according to the sound of knocking objects, it can help us distinguish ordinary metals from gold.
● Gold is characterized by good ductility and low hardness. Pure gold is soft, but copper bars are hard to break. Or use a pin (nails will do) to draw, the strength is not big, and the traces are obvious, but the copper is slightly larger and the traces are slightly worse. Soft folding and hard folding are only applicable to rings, gold wires and the like, and gold bars, gold coins and gold bricks are more difficult. It is also very effective to judge the authenticity of gold with a grinding head, but it is necessary to polish the inspected object in different directions. If the colors of several grinding channels are obviously different, there is no doubt that they are adulterated.
● If you don't believe in the above methods of identifying ripe gold, you can only use nitric acid, that is, use nitric acid to spot its wear marks to judge its authenticity.
◆ Identification of gold jewelry
1. The genuine product is soft when it is bent by hand, and it is easy to bend continuously. It is easy to straighten when pulling by hand, and there will be traces when scraping with hard objects.
2. The gold ornaments are thrown on the ground, making a poop sound. The falsetto is sharp and bright, and it jumps higher than real gold.
3. The true color is dark yellow, excessive dividends are fake gold, and light colors are mixed gold such as silver and aluminum.
4. It's really heavy, but it's fake.
True fire does not change color, and false fire does not resist fire, but becomes dark purple and dull.
6. When it really burns red, it is quenched into water and its color remains unchanged.
◆ Identification of Jade Jewelry
● First of all, pay attention to the gold content. In China, it is marked with the words "foot red, pure gold, 80%, 70%, 90% and 100%". Internationally, K represents gold content, 24K is pure gold, with a content of about 99.6%, 22K is 9 1.3%, 20K is 83%, 18K is 75%, and 14K is.
● Identification of jade ornaments: Real jade is very hard and wear-resistant. If there are cracks inside the jade, the quality is poor. For example, fake jade with wrinkles on the surface and bubbles inside is light in weight and low in hardness, and the sound is crisp when knocking each other.
◆ Identification of rare gold jewelry
Rare gold jewelry is an alloy made of copper as the main raw material and adding trace elements appropriately. It does not contain gold, and its appearance is 14-24K gold. Its wear resistance is better than gold, and its specific gravity is lighter than gold. C20K, C 18K and C 14K are equivalent to 20K, 65438+.
◆ Archimedes judges whether gold is true or false.
Ashero, the king of Syracuse, gave the goldsmith a piece of gold to ... >>
Question 5: How to see whether gold is really in daily life? There are some simple and practical methods to identify the authenticity of gold ornaments, as follows: (1) Fire method: "Real gold is not afraid of fire". After the jewelry is cooled by high temperature fire, the gold is still golden yellow and does not deform. This is the old saying that "fire is afraid of real gold". If it turns black, it is not real gold, nor is it mixed with other metals. (2) naked eye observation: gold has a dazzling red and yellow color, and their luster and color are enduring. The lower the fineness, the worse the color, which is often called "seven greens, eight yellows and nine reds". Gold jewelry counterfeit with other metals can be identified by color. (3) Ear-listening method: listen to the sound to identify components. If jewelry falls naturally from a height, if it makes a "beep" sound, and it has no rhythm and elasticity, it is gold with high purity. If the sound is heavy and the rhyme is long and elastic, it means that its color is not high, and the jewelry contains more other metals. (4) Hand balance method: compare the weights by hand. The specific gravity of gold is 19.3, which is much higher than that of silver, copper, tin and other metals. By weight comparison, we can identify whether other metals are used as fake gold ornaments, because the same volume of gold is much heavier than silver, copper, aluminum and so on. (5) Biting method: Gold has low hardness and is relatively soft. If you bite with your teeth, there will be traces. Other imitation gold does not have this characteristic, and the higher the fineness of gold, the softer it is.
Question 6: How to see the authenticity of gold ornaments? Now I will provide you with the information I have seen for your reference: some of the gold ornaments or commemorative coins that are popular in the market now are imitation gold products or fake and shoddy products. So pay special attention to identification when buying. Commonly used identification methods are as follows:
1. Seal check: At present, all gold ornaments produced by China manufacturers have the words "our factory seal" and "gold content".
At present, the gold ornaments produced by China manufacturers are all purified and prepared according to international standards, and marked with K to indicate the gold content of metal products. Pure gold is 24K, with a gold content of 99.6%. The gold content of 22K is 91.3%; 20K contains 83.3% gold; 18K contains 74.7% gold; 14K contains 58.5% gold; The gold content of 9K is 37.5%. The gold content of 8K is 33.3%; The gold content of 1K is 4. 166%. According to the words 24K or 18K on the mark, you can know the color of the jewelry, but if it is lower than 10K according to the regulations, you can't print K gold.
Among the jewelry signs, pure gold =99, thousand gold =999, and thousand gold =9999. Generally speaking, gold ornaments are marked with pure gold, pure gold and 9999, while platinum is mainly marked with PT950\PT990. According to the sign above, you can buy it in a regular store. It is important to have invoices and national inspection certificates. If something goes wrong, you can trace it back.
2. Weighing: The density of gold is greater than that of silver, copper, lead, aluminum and other metals. The same volume of gold is 40% heavier than silver, 1.2 times heavier than copper and 6. 1 times heavier than aluminum. When gold is in your hand, you will feel heavy.
3. Look at the color: Generally, the higher the purity of gold jewelry, the darker the color. Pure gold is yellow and purple, 18K is yellow and blue, 14K is yellow and red.
4. Listen to the rhyme: throw the gold jewelry on the hard ground and listen to the sound when it lands. The sound of real gold is deep and heavy, and there is no lingering sound. The sound of fake gold is crisp and not dull, generally it is a "Dangdang" sound, and the sound is lingering. Real gold didn't jump so hard when it landed.
5. Hardness test: Pure gold has a small hardness and can be bent by hand. Fake gold feels hard when it is bent by hand. If you scratch jewelry with a pin, the scratches of pure gold products will be clearer. Jewelry with low gold content, even if it can draw traces, is vague. Gold-plated jewelry is more blurred.
6. Please ask experienced and familiar people or professionals to identify, but it is best to identify gold jewelry yourself before.
The above methods are simple test methods. In order to accurately identify, the following three methods can be used.
A fire method is to barbecue jewelry in the fire and take it out when the jewelry is reddish. After cooling, the color of pure gold jewelry is still as new, and the surface of K gold jewelry presents a smoky gray oxide layer. The lower the purity, the darker the color.
B touchstone method Select a black touchstone with delicate texture, and mark the touchstone with gold pieces with different gold contents as a comparison standard. Then, the jewelry to be tested is scratched on the same touchstone, and concentrated nitric acid is dripped to remove impurities. The trace left on the touchstone is the gold content of the jewelry. According to the standard, find out the same chromaticity as the trace, that is, the accurate gold content of the measured jewelry.
C chemical method drops 70% nitric acid on the jewelry respectively, and the real gold jewelry remains unchanged. It's not real gold jewelry that reacts chemically.
Gold jewelry refers to jewelry made of gold as the main raw material. The chemical symbol of gold is Au and its specific gravity is 17.4.
E Mohs hardness is 2.5. Gold ornaments can be divided into pure gold and gold according to their content. The gold content of pure gold jewelry is above 99%, and the highest can reach 99. 99%. Therefore, it is also called "99 gold"/"pure gold" and "red gold".
Is the gold jewelry made of gold and other metals? Jewelry made of (such as silver and copper) is also called "opening gold" and "molding gold". Due to the different amount of other gold ornaments, different kinds of gold ornaments have been formed.
Among gold jewelry, pure gold jewelry is soft in texture, with teeth marks, easy to bend, golden in color, pure and soft, and heavy in touch. K-gold jewelry is hard and toothless, and its color is yellow with white, and with the decrease of gold number, the white gradually increases and the yellow gradually becomes lighter. The handle of gold jewelry is not as heavy as pure gold jewelry. In addition, both pure gold and K have seals, and the seals on gold ornaments are represented by the word "gold" and the English letter "one". Marked with the corresponding ... >>
Question 7: How to tell the authenticity of gold? True blue will never stain.
Question 8: How to tell the authenticity of gold? When gold is thrown on the ground, it won't bounce, which makes it dull and brittle. Then, look at the color, gold is soft.
Question 9: What do you think of thousands of gold? 900 is the gold content of the interface, 90%. Thousands of gold is too soft to wear. Usually it should be stored separately. Can't put it with platinum. K gold. If it is put together with platinum, it will also cause the chemical reaction to turn white.