Stories and legends
The legend of San Lv doctor Qu Yuan:
Qu Yuan, who lived in the Warring States period, was ambitious and showed amazing talent when he was young. He won the trust of Chu Huaiwang and became a "leftist". According to Sima Qian's Historical Records, he was a minister in charge of internal affairs and foreign affairs.
The Warring States period was a chaotic period in which Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao, Wei and Qin competed for hegemony. After Shang Yang's political reform, Qin became more and more powerful and often attacked six countries. At that time, only Chu and Qi could compete with it. In view of the situation at that time, Qu Yuan advocated improving internal affairs at home and uniting with Qin State abroad, which violated the interests of the upper ruling class and was excluded and framed by the favored concubine, Shangguan doctor and Lingyin Zijiao who were bribed by Qin State.
Confused Wang Huai listened to slanders, alienated Qu Yuan and exiled him to Hanbei. As a result, Chu Huaiwang was tricked into being a prisoner for three years by the State of Qin and died in a foreign country.
When Qu Yuan saw all this, he was extremely angry. He resolutely opposed humiliating and surrendering to the State of Qin, which was more severely persecuted by political enemies. King Xiang of Chu, who was newly enthroned, was more fatuous than his father and exiled Qu Yuan to a more remote place than Hanbei.
Qu yuan's long exile. Dragon Boat Festival originated in China. It was originally a festival to eliminate diseases and prevent epidemics. Before the Spring and Autumn Period in Wuyue, there was a custom of holding tribal totem sacrifices in the form of dragon boat races on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. Later, because the poet Qu Yuan died in the Miluo River, it became a traditional festival in China to commemorate Qu Yuan. In some areas, Wu Zixu and Cao E are also commemorated.
Stories and legends
The legend of San Lv doctor Qu Yuan:
Qu Yuan, who lived in the Warring States period, was ambitious and showed amazing talent when he was young. He won the trust of Chu Huaiwang and became a "leftist". According to Sima Qian's Historical Records, he was a minister in charge of internal affairs and foreign affairs.
The Warring States period was a chaotic period in which Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao, Wei and Qin competed for hegemony. After Shang Yang's political reform, Qin became more and more powerful and often attacked six countries. At that time, only Chu and Qi could compete with it. In view of the situation at that time, Qu Yuan advocated improving internal affairs at home and uniting with Qin State abroad, which violated the interests of the upper ruling class and was excluded and framed by the favored concubine, Shangguan doctor and Lingyin Zijiao who were bribed by Qin State.
Confused Wang Huai listened to slanders, alienated Qu Yuan and exiled him to Hanbei. As a result, Chu Huaiwang was tricked into being a prisoner for three years by the State of Qin and died in a foreign country.
When Qu Yuan saw all this, he was extremely angry. He resolutely opposed humiliating and surrendering to the State of Qin, which was more severely persecuted by political enemies. King Xiang of Chu, who was newly enthroned, was more fatuous than his father and exiled Qu Yuan to a more remote place than Hanbei.
During his long exile, Qu Yuan's spirit and life were greatly destroyed. One day, when he was singing by the river, he met a hermit who was fishing. Seeing that he was haggard, the hermit advised him to "not stick to the rules" and "be easy-going" and go along with the dignitaries. Qu Yuan said: "It's better to go to Hunan and be buried in the belly of a river fish;" Ann can cover her white matter with secular dust "(meaning: I would rather jump into the river and be buried in the belly of a fish, how can I expose my white matter to secular dust?" "
In 278 A.D., the capital of Chu State was breached by Qin Jun, and the poet suffered a great spiritual blow. Seeing that the country was ruined, he was powerless. He's worried. In extreme disappointment and pain, the poet came to the Miluo River east of the Yangtze River and bowed down. He was about sixty-two years old when he died, which was the fifth day of the fifth lunar month.
The legend of the dutiful daughter Cao E:
A long time ago, there was a small fishing village at the foot of Fenghuang Mountain on the west bank of Gushun River in Shangyu. There is a fisherman named Cao in the village. The fisherman has a daughter named Cao E.
In the spring and summer of a year, there were continuous rainstorms on both sides of the strait, and floods along the river soared. Cao E's father was afraid of missing the fishing season, so he went out fishing regardless of Cao E's opposition.
With his father gone, Cao E is not at ease at home. She ran to the river again and again to see it. Later, Cao E looked up and down by the river and didn't see his father. The sun was about to set, and Cao E learned from her father's partner that they were weaving a net together. Suddenly, a big wave pushed her father's boat into the whirlpool and the water was washed away. Hearing this, Cao E was frightened out of her wits, shouted "Dad, Dad" and began to chase downstream.
She was crying back and forth by the river. On the eighth day, Cao E looked at the river and saw her father struggling with it. Cao E jumped into the river.
Three days later, the river was calm, but people saw a river hovering over the river more than ten miles downstream, vaguely as if someone was swimming. People rushed over and found that it was Cao E and her father. Although Cao E died, she found her father's body and took him to the river. People say that it was her filial piety that touched the sky.
It is said that the choppy Cao 'e River is always calm when it flows through Cao 'e Temple. The locals believe that this is because Jiang Shui is consciously ashamed of his filial daughter Cao E.
Cao E's filial piety touched the sky and even the villagers around him. They buried Cao E's father and daughter, built a temple by the river where Cao E dived to save her father, made a statue for her, and honored her as "the goddess of filial piety". They also called this fishing village Cao 'e Village and renamed this river Cao 'e River. On the day Cao E saved his father, a grand temple fair was held in Cao E Temple, and all provinces and governments came to worship Cao E's filial piety. Many people wrote inscriptions and sent plaques to praise Cao E's filial piety.
It is said that the day when Cao E threw herself into the river was May 5th. Therefore, many people regard the Dragon Boat Festival as a day to remember his filial daughter Cao E. ..
2. In May, Liu Yuxin Chen succeeded to the throne. In May, Liu Yuxin Chen Jicheng ascended the throne at the age of 17. Wuxiang Gong led Yizhou to graze and was very careful in politics. As an official, he posted to his subordinates on the basis of practicing the law: I refer to the public and concentrate their thoughts, so I can be loyal and beneficial to everyone. If I stay away from doubt, it seems that I gave up my family and got jewelry. However, we can't say that people are suffering, but Xu Yuan is in danger and won't be confused. Moreover, Dong Zaizai has been in the Ministry for seven years, and things have not reversed, so he came to tell me that I can admire the tenth straight yuan. When I was a prime minister, I was hardworking and loyal to my country, so I could be less tired. "He added," I have heard many times in the past that I gained and lost when I established diplomatic relations with Yuan. After that, I got engaged in Dewey, but I stopped exhorting him. Although I am unknown and can't understand him, I have become friends with these four people, which is enough to know that I don't doubt him.
3. Read the following passage in classical Chinese and complete the questions after the passage. Traveling in ji zi, Yanling, I saw a small problem on the road: C.
Small problem: (1) I was chopping wood in the summer of May. Is it the man who picked up the gold for you? (2) The woodcutter said: "You are a person who only looks at appearance, and it is not worth telling your name!" So I left him and never looked back.
Small problems: ① salary: nouns as verbs, chopping wood; 4 language: nouns are used as verbs. ② "language" and ③ "gold" are common nouns.
Small problem: when translating, we should pay special attention to the flexible use of words and special sentence patterns in classical Chinese. (1) The noun "salary" is used flexibly as a verb. "Who takes gold?" It is a rhetorical question. (2) "Judge a book by its cover" is a judgment sentence, and "What's your surname?" It's a rhetorical question, an exclamation.
Reference translation
When I was traveling in ji zi, Yanling, I saw that gold was lost by others on the way. It was the summer of May, and there was a woodcutter in a fur coat. Chico shouted to the woodcutter, "Bring me the gold on that field!" " "The woodcutter threw his sickle on the ground, stared at him, waved and said," Why do you have such a high position but such a humble knowledge? You are handsome, but you talk so rudely? "? In the summer of May, I went to chop wood in a fur coat. Is it the man who picked up the gold for you? "Kiko apologized to him. What is his name, please? The woodcutter replied: "The woodcutter said:" You are a person who only looks at appearance, where is it worth saying your name! " So I left him and never looked back.
4. Ancient prose about summer Baidu knows ancient poems and famous sentences about summer.
Summer in April and summer in June.
B: Let's go. The Book of Songs Xiaoya April
The first summer was peaceful, and the grass didn't rest.
The first summer: Xia Meng, April of the lunar calendar. Rest: prosperity and decline.
Xie Lingyun's "Swim Redstone into the Sea of Navigation" in Southern Song Dynasty
The beauty of spring is full of candles, and the summer is clear.
Spring rain: late spring. Summer harvest: early summer.
Liang, Wang, Monks and Confucian Shi Yan in the Southern Dynasties
Wheat ripens in the wind and plums turn yellow in the rain.
"Summer of Service" in Northern Zhou Yuxin
The shadow of the mountain rises suddenly, and the moon in the pond rises slowly from the east. It's cool at night, open my window and lie down calmly.
Write about the sunset, the moon and the cool scenery on a summer night.
Tang Meng Haoran, A Summer Sympathy in Nanting
In summer, the big trees return early.
Tang Quanqi's Summer Night in the Province
The bitter nights in midsummer are short, and the entrance is cool.
Xuan: Window.
Tang Du Fu's Summer Night Sigh
The shade is quiet, and the solitary flowers show spring.
Lonely flower: a flower. Chun Ying: The remnants of spring have arrived in early summer.
Tang Wei Wu Ying's You Kaiyuan Jing She
The remnants gather in the summer heat, and the new rain brings autumn haze.
Lan: Fog.
Tang's water pavilion was sent to the county government.
Summer begins with half of Yin Qi. It is like clouds and autumn.
Summer half: more than half in summer, after May, and half in lunar calendar. Seats: The way the wind blows.
Yu "Send Teacher Liu's Clothes"
Summer cicadas rush out and new autumn geese come.
Tang Bai Juyi's Night Banquet.
Meng Xia in the south of the Yangtze River grows bamboo shoots. Qi is a castle and frog is an orchestra.
Xia Meng: Early summer refers to the fourth month of the lunar calendar. Cizhu: Bamboo name, also known as mother bamboo. F: It seems to be arranged. Qi: The ancients thought that blowing slugs (giant clams) could create a virtual scene of the castle. It is actually an illusion that light passes through air with different densities and reflects the prospect in the air. It is also called a mirage. Orchestral music: Describe frogs singing like playing music.
Xia Meng by Tang Jiajian
When the rocks slide and spray, it is sunny like rain, when the sun shines high, it is cold, and when the flowers fall, it is cold in summer.
Rock slip sentence: The spring waterfall on the rock flies in the air, like a rain curtain hanging on a sunny day. Candy Luo's sentence: The vines are winding in the forest, and the shade covers the sun, which makes people feel cool in midsummer.
Tang Fanggan's "On the Top of a Hong Yu"
Green trees, deep shadows, long summer, the reflection of the tower in the pond. The crystal curtains are moving, the breeze is blowing, and the whole picture is fragrant.
Crystal curtain: describes the balcony reflection in the water, crystal clear as crystal curtain, bright and clear.
Tang Gao's Summer in the Mountain Pavilion
The rain on the wall hangs down the fine grass, and the wind on the water belongs to the settlement flowers.
Chang's "Summer Veteran"
The warm wind blows the wheat fragrance on a sunny day, and the green grass wins the flowers.
The smell of wheat: the smell of wheat when it is harvested. Flowering time: when the flowers bloom.
Wang Song Anshi's "Early Summer is Things"
Why don't you like wheatgrass? Natsume is charming.
Fang Fei: Fragrant flowers and plants. Cute: suitable for people.
Guan's "My Dark Topic in March"
Old warbler chicks in the wind, plums in the rain, beautiful trees in the afternoon.
Jiashu: the laudatory name of a tree. It means that young warblers grow up in the breeze, and abundant rain moistens plums. At noon, a cool round shade was formed under the tree.
Song Zhou Bangyan's Man Ting Square Xia Jing
After the rain, the lotus is full of fragrance, and the magic pumpkin is cold and snowy.
Divine pumpkin: melons and fruits are soaked in cold water.
Wang Ci in Central Plains Memory
The sleepy weather is getting longer and longer.
Song notes Shu Zhen's "Scene": "Xie Que Haitang flies to the end, and the sunset is getting longer."
No one has ever crossed the fence, but dragonflies and butterflies can fly
Song Fan Chengda's Four Seasons Pastoral Miscellaneous Interest
The breeze broke the summer for three days in a row.
Yuan Shi zi sha Gou branch
It rains at home in Huangmei season, and frogs are everywhere in the grass pond.
Song Zhao Shixiu's Moon Tour: "In Huangmei season, it rains at home, and frogs are everywhere in the grass pond. If you don't come at midnight, knock off the chess pieces and die. "
Red and purple have become dust, and the cuckoo sounds like summer.
Red and purple: refers to all kinds of flowers.
Song Lu You's quatrain in early summer: "Red and purple have become dust one after another, and the cuckoo sounds new in summer. Only when Sang Ma didn't do enough did I realize that I was a peaceful person. "
5. What does Duanyang mean in the poem? "Duanyang in May" is the Dragon Boat Festival.
Dragon Boat Festival is the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, also known as Duanyang Festival, Noon Festival, May Festival, May Festival, Ai Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Noon Festival, Noon Festival and Summer Festival. It was originally a festival to drive away the plague in summer. Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional festival of Han nationality in China. The essential activities on this day gradually evolved into eating zongzi, dragon boat racing, hanging calamus, wormwood and mugwort leaves, smoking Atractylodes rhizome and angelica dahurica, and drinking realgar wine. It is said that eating zongzi and dragon boat racing is to commemorate Qu Yuan, so after liberation, the Dragon Boat Festival was named "Poet's Day" to commemorate Qu Yuan. As for hanging calamus, wormwood leaves, smoked atractylodes rhizome and angelica dahurica, drinking realgar wine is said to ward off evil spirits. "China Dragon Boat Festival" is one of the national legal holidays and is listed in the world intangible cultural heritage list. A large number of literary works such as poems, words, songs and fu have been handed down from generation to generation.