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Zheng Zhilong was born in Henan and Fujian. Later, his father and son fought against Henan. No, the Dutch occupied Taiwan Province province. Zheng Zhilong plundered the coastal areas of Fujian in the Ming Dynasty, and did not kill or set fire to them, nor raped women. There are certain rules. Zheng Zhilong's trade covers many places in East Asia and Southeast Asia: Dani, Chengdu, Zhancheng, Luzon, Lingang, Beigang, Daguan, Hirado, Nagasaki, Mumbai, Bandan, Wine Port, Batavia, Malacca, Cambodia and Siam. It is estimated that its troops include Han Chinese, Japanese and Siamese. Its strength and scale are unique in the history of piracy, and Zheng Chenggong even established and supported the Shi Ming regime.
History says: "Anyone who can't sail at sea can't come and go. Each ship earns 3,000 yuan and tens of millions of dollars, making the country rich and building Anping Town by itself!
Although the Ming Dynasty at that time was chaotic, it was rich and powerful, showing the momentum of Zheng Zhilong. However, some of his failures were unsuccessful. He courted Hideyoshi Tokugawa, but was surrendered by the Ming Dynasty and finally beheaded by the Qing Dynasty. In terms of ambition, he is far less successful than his son Zheng Chenggong. At best, he is only a businessman and a big official, and he has not reached the height of Zheng Chenggong.
Li Dan and Yan Siqi were also figures who tried to occupy the whole Japanese men. Yan Siqi is a leading figure in the biography of general history in Taiwan Province Province. Known as the' king of Taiwan'. Zheng Zhilong was a subordinate of Li Dan in his early days, and he was the same pirate group with Yan Siqi. Some people suspect that Li Dan and Yan Siqi with similar deeds are the same person.
In fact, they all went to Japan for trade in their early years, but because they were dissatisfied with the rule of Tokugawa shogunate, they plotted to seize Japan, and their deeds were exposed and they fled to Taiwan Province Province.
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In Taiwan Province Province, Yan Siqi set up a camp, divided the reclamation people into ten camps and distributed them to silver coins, oxen and farm tools, which started the earliest large-scale reclamation activities in Taiwan Province Province. Reclamation requires capital investment. Yan Siqi selected a group of people with sailing experience from Zhangzhou, Quanzhou and other places, and made use of the original 13 large ship and the convenience of maritime traffic to develop maritime trade with the mainland. At the same time, organize sea fishing and island hunting, develop mountain and sea economy and solve the material needs of immigrants' production and life.
Therefore, Yan Siqi has a lofty position in the hearts of people in Taiwan Province Province.
In Zheng Chenggong's generation, it can be said that he is basically out of the identity of pirates. Zheng Chenggong, the son of the Ming Dynasty and the Japanese, probably didn't want to be a notorious pirate. Zheng Zhilong is also a businessman in the eyes of the Japanese. The maritime ban in Ming Dynasty had something to do with the appearance of pirates, but it can't be said that there would be no pirates without the maritime ban, and the huge profits of maritime trade can make more people take risks.
At the age of seven, Zheng Chenggong was brought back to Fujian by Hirado, Japan. 265,438+0 years old, from my hometown to imperial academy for further study. He studied with Qian, a famous Confucian in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and Qian wrote the word "big wood" for him to encourage him.
Maybe it's because I have a better educational foundation than my father, so I know the righteousness. Zheng Chenggong tried to stop Zheng Zhilong's northern expedition to the Qing Dynasty, so he went to the Confucius Temple to cry and burn the clothes of Confucius. Since reading history, it is often seen that brothers and sons turned against each other because they seized power from the regime, but few sons turned against each other because their fathers did not understand justice.
Some people think that Zheng Chenggong knew he would die. In the eyes of many Europeans, Zheng Chenggong is described as a despicable pirate, especially a "flying Dutchman". They think that Zheng Chenggong maliciously slaughtered Christians. But in fact, Zheng Chenggong is not against Christianity. The target of his murder is not that the other person is a Christian, but that the other person is a traitor or an enemy. Zheng Chenggong even transported Dutch prisoners by boat. The Dutch once sold the people they robbed in Taiwan Province Province or forced them to be slaves.
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Apart from these differences, I don't want to put Zheng Chenggong in the position of pirates. He is the real founder of the regime in Taiwan Province province of China.
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It ranks Sir Francis Drake ninth. How is that possible? He is regarded as the pinnacle in the history of piracy.
Sir Drake's strength is that he participated in the battle to defeat the Spanish Armada and invented unique naval tactics. Since then, artillery has replaced infantry as the protagonist of naval battles. This battle defeated the invincible Spanish navy, which dominated the world, and made Britain the overlord at sea, which opened a smooth road for the British empire to colonize the world in the future.
At the same time, he also discovered the legendary golden country' South America continent'. For other countries, he sold slaves and robbed treasures. He is a real pirate, but to Britain, he is a real hero. With his honor and record, he is really qualified to compete for the first place in Pirate King.
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Henry morgan is similar to Sir Drake in positioning. They attacked Spanish pirates with British acquiescence. He used to wander in American colonies, and was later appointed as a Royal Navy officer because his uncle was a naval commander, until he served as vice admiral.
At that time, henry morgan became the leader of the Jamaican pirate group in the Caribbean and the senior commander of the British Navy, very similar to Zheng Zhilong. Henry morgan fought against Spain all his life and ransacked the merchant ships in the port, with many achievements, far exceeding the pirates like Blackbeard, and he was honored as the Pirate King. When he attacked Panama, he used despicable tactics. He used captured priests and nuns as shields to invade the town when they fled and were in chaos.
Later, because Britain and Spain signed an armistice agreement, henry morgan was recalled to China and laid a dungeon on charges of undermining peace after defeating the Spanish and plundering 2 million pounds. A generation of pirate kings washed their hands of it. Later, charles ii pardoned him and appointed him as Jamaican Deputy Governor. His main task is to wipe out local pirates.
What does it matter to match the picture? The prototype of Captain Barbossa in Pirates of the Caribbean is henry morgan, whose despicable, insidious and cunning features are deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. A monkey on one shoulder is very clever, and its strength is often equal to that of Captain Jack. I'm really looking forward to Pirates of the Caribbean's next work.
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Bartholomew roberts is known as one of the most successful pirates in the golden age of piracy, and also a strong pirate in the later period of western pirates. Since his death, the golden age of piracy has come to an end. He controls vast waters from Africa to the Caribbean. In just four years, his pirate fleet had at most 400 pirate ships. Roberts is famous for being cold-blooded. He never left anyone alive after hijacking a ship.
But if you think Roberts is an evil pirate like Blackbeard, you are wrong. He is a gentleman. It is said that Roberts is very handsome and likes to wear gorgeous clothes. Unlike most pirates, he is a rare teetotaler, but he has a hobby of drinking tea. The crew were forbidden to gamble, but they were encouraged to pray to God. He himself is one of the few devout Christians among pirates. His thoughts and actions are very different. People also call it "black baronet".
Supposedly, he is a gentleman with faith and should not do dirty work. But at the same time, Roberts should be an anarchist. He once said: "legal work is done by thin civilians with low wages and high labor intensity;" Being a pirate will have rich income, food and clothing, a happy life, freedom and power; Don't worry about debt, the biggest price is to receive the hatred of several instigators. No, my motto is to live a life of beer and skittles. "
Therefore, Roberts made the famous "Roberts Ship Rules", which used 12 strict and somewhat democratic provisions to rule its pirates, including the right of every pirate to vote, and it was forbidden to gamble, drink too much, fight privately and engage in women on board (don't you know that men break the rules? ), work-related injury retirement can also apply for subsidies on board.
By the way, many people say that he is the prototype of Captain Jack, but I think Captain Jack is neurotic and his image is far from perfect, just like the phrase "Eat, drink and be merry".
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Teacher Edward with a black beard is called "the notorious pirate".
He has appeared in Peter Pan, One Piece, Pirates of the Caribbean and Assassin's Creed. Captain Hawke mentioned above was his enemy, and Captain Jack accidentally killed him. Because of the notoriety, they basically play the role of the villain BOSS.
Black beard dared to attack the British navy on his own initiative under clear skies. He has one eye, one leg replaced by a wooden stick, a black beard and a parrot on his shoulder. This is the classic image of the pirate captain in various works in the future, which is dirty and terrible. There are also torturing prisoners, such as the classic forced to jump off the board and jump into the sea. Cut off a person's ears and nose and force him to eat. This is the infamous black beard. Ah, ho ho!
Blackbeard just caught up with the result of the "Anglo-Spanish naval battle". After the British empire became the overlord of the sea, trade was in full swing, and many maritime businessmen became rich. The militia forces then transformed into plundering other people's business trips and robbing their own merchant ships. In this case, Blackbeard caught up and attacked the Royal Navy under clear skies, making him famous all over the world. When the whole Atlantic heard Blackbeard's name, everyone was afraid.
Blackbeard later captured the port, exchanged hostages for a large ransom, and planned to break up. In order to get rid of those accomplices who risked their lives with him, he set a poisonous trap, drove the "Revenge of Queen Anne" and two other ships to an isolated island and deliberately ran aground, so that his men could go ashore for inspection and repair. He and 40 other confidants quickly left the island by boat.
Black beard is famous for being cold and bold. By contrast, henry morgan and bartholomew Roberds can lead Blackbeard by several blocks.
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William kidd was an active figure in the era of great navigation. According to legend, Kidd was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland, but he claimed to be born in Greenock, Scotland. Later, the whole family immigrated to new york colony, where they got married and became the captain of an armed merchant ship engaged in maritime trade. It was the same life as Wang Zhi, with a different starting point!
He captured a French ship in the Allied War in augsburg, and obtained permission from the local governor to carry out armed privateering activities in the Caribbean. Even the Governor-General of new york and King William III of England supported his action, but then Kidd robbed a Mughal imperial ship flying the French flag. This Mughal imperial ship was protected by the East India Company, which was not only ruled by Britain and exploited the Indian minions, but also exported a large amount of opium to China, which finally made the Qing Dynasty pay off its debts with Hongkong. I'm sorry, I went too far.
Captain Kidd deserves an Englishman. He was going to let the search ship go, but his crew disagreed and simply wanted to hijack the ship in the name of France. In this way, Captain Kidd became a pirate and got paid. After learning the news, he tried to go back to China to defend himself. On the way back, most of Kidd's crew defected to other pirates. After Kidd returned to the United States, he was finally arrested, tortured and refused to admit that he was a pirate until his death.
But according to legend, before he returned to China, he buried his treasure in Gardinas Island. Before he died, he gave his wife 1 a note with four groups of numbers written on it: 44- 10-66- 18. Therefore, Kidd's treasure left many legends. Many people died inexplicably after getting his treasure map, as if they were cursed, but this did not stop many people from looking for his treasure.
In fact, he is an out-and-out unlucky ghost. The treasure is not necessarily true, and the pirate's name is not necessarily true. He is the prototype of will turner, the protagonist of Pirates of the Caribbean.
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Wang Zhi should be regarded as the strongest pirate in the same period. During its collusion with the Ming Dynasty, it wiped out many of its peers and occupied an island in Japan. In the eyes of the Japanese, he looks not like a pirate, nor like an armed force, but like an arms dealer. The introduction of iron cannon into Japan has much to do with Wang Zhi. In Hirado, Japan, there is a bronze statue of Wang Zhi in memory of him, and he is honored as "Daming Confucian businessman". Wang Zhi always lives in the heart of a businessman. He hoped that the Ming Dynasty could lift the ban on maritime trade and merchants could go to sea to trade, so he was framed by Hu Zongxian and died.
Wang Zhi had a great influence on pirates in the Ming Dynasty in the future, and Zheng Zhilong followed his footsteps to Hirado. They are both famous in Hirado.
Wang Zhi's main activities are in Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean, but I don't think he has crossed the Indian Ocean. All sources of arms trade still come from Spanish colonies in South China Sea countries.
King Jinlun once played Wang Zhi. In recent years, he has suffered a stroke and his children are unfilial. His old age was very bleak.
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Anne Bonnie was mentioned in the second place above, but mary read and Mianbu Jack, the advocate of the pirate flag, were not mentioned in detail. They are the same pirate group and should be put together.
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The pirate career of "White Cotton Jack" began when he told Charles? Wayne, control the ship. Wayne is the captain of the pirate treasure ship. Wayne was beaten for fighting with a French soldier. Jack white cloth was too speechless about Wayne's strength, led his men to mutiny, and drove Wayne and his supporters into a small sailboat and exiled them. This scene can often be seen in many pirate movies. The exiled captain's ship was cursed and hung into the sea, but the people on board were mocking. The picture is classic.
"White cotton cloth Jack" then changed from the original quartermaster to the new captain. Later, "White Cotton Jack" met Anne in New Providence Island. Glacia. He persuaded her to abandon her old husband, then disguised himself as a man and joined his pirate ship. 1720, Royal Governor Woods? Anne and Mary were on board when Rogers' pirate search party attacked the White Cotton Jack. During the battle, "White Cotton Jack" fled the battle and hid in the cargo hold with his accomplices, leaving Anne and Mary on the deck to fight against the British army. Later, "White Cotton Cloth Jack" was tried and hanged, and his body was covered with tar. Before he was executed, Anne said to him, "I'm sorry to see you here, Jack, but if you fight like a man, you won't be hanged here like a dog."
Independent of map
Anne and Mary are two legendary female pirates in Conan's drama version of Bibby's Coffin. Mary was brought up by her mother as a boy when she was a child. She wore men's clothes and was very aggressive. Later, she joined the British army and was expected to be promoted to an officer, but she fell in love with her comrades-in-arms while picking up soap. She agreed to get married in her hometown after the war and opened a pub in Holland. If only the story ended here. As a result, her husband died of illness soon. So Mary boarded the merchant ship and became a sailor. Later, she was hijacked by Mianbu Jack and boarded the ship.
Anne is the illegitimate daughter of her father. Although her lawyer family is rich, she is also arrogant. /kloc-When she was 0/3 years old, she stabbed a servant in the abdomen with a knife. I was disguised as a boy by my father and loved by my father. Later, he fell in love with the pirate James Bonnie and eloped with him. After meeting Jack with white cotton cloth, he didn't like James's cowardice and followed Jack.
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Mary and Anne on the ship are all dressed in men's clothes, and women are forbidden to go to sea in both East and West. Mary and Anne are not famous because Jack's pirate group is very strong (Blackbeard was much more than them), but when Jack was besieged, he and his crew hid, and only Mary and Anne fought the British on the deck.
It is said that they often face each other naked before killing their opponents to prove that they were killed by a woman.
When Mary and Anne were arrested, they were pregnant and were not suitable for hanging. Mary first died of fever in prison. Before he died, he said: "In fact, there is nothing to be afraid of hanging. If it weren't for hanging, those timid people might become pirates, so brave people would find no place to use them. "
Anne saved her from her father's bribe and made her remarry until the establishment of the United States of America. It is also said that Anne continued her pirate career and was active in the Pacific Ocean, so Conan's theme is well-founded.
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Ok, I admit that most of this passage was copied from Baidu Encyclopedia, so I went to see English Wikipedia, where the information is more complete.
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Actually, I prefer Black Sam Bellamy. The name "Black Sam" comes from Bellamy's long black hair, which he usually wears in a ponytail. The origin of "Pirate Prince" and "Robin Hood on the High Seas" is because Bellamy's behavior style is different from other pirates at that time, and he is very generous to prisoners. He even gave his old boat to the prisoner after taking the boat and let the prisoner escape.
His pirate members also called themselves "Robin Hood's Band".
Black Sam is tall, strong, polite and clean, which is different from ordinary pirates. He likes to wear expensive clothes, especially a black coat. He always wears a fashionable wig, ties his long black hair with a black ribbon and wears a bow.
His process of becoming a pirate can be written as a literary story. Black Sam was in the navy. After falling in love with Maria hallett, she was opposed by Maria's parents because she was too poor.
1765438+In July 2005, a Spanish treasure ship was sunk by a hurricane off Florida, and Sam wanted to collect these treasures to improve its economic level. At that time, he abandoned his wife and children and became a treasure hunter. His child died soon after, and his wife was imprisoned because her husband was a treasure hunter, and was later expelled from the city, but Maria was still waiting for him.
17 16 16 He left Florida and went to the Caribbean seaport to start his pirate career. After Bellamy joined Benjamin Honigo's pirate group, he replaced Honigo as the new pirate group leader in 17 16 through the unique democratic voting form of pirates. Then they plundered everywhere and achieved fruitful results. 17 17 successfully plundered the British slave ship Vader as its flagship, which was the latest and sharpest warship in Britain at that time. With Vader's heavy force, he became one of the most fearsome pirates on the east coast of South America at that time.
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Haisam once invited a captain who was taken hostage by him to take charge of the sloop, but Haisam's companions voted to burn the ship, and the captain refused the invitation. Therefore, Haisam made a famous speech, denouncing the laws protecting the rich with just words, and condemning the rich for plundering the property of the poor. It was himself who plundered the property of the rich. The dialogue in the original text is much more exciting than my translation.
"I'm sorry they won't let you have your sloop again, because I despise doing any practical jokes when it's not my advantage; Damn sloop, we must sink her. She may be useful to you. Although you are a sneaky puppy, so are all those who are willing to obey the laws made by the rich for their own safety; Because cowardly young people don't have the courage to defend what they get through fraud; But you all deserve to die: you are a group of cunning rogues, you are serving them, and you are a group of timid fools. They vilify us, and so do the villains. When there is only this difference, they rob the poor under the cover of the law. Really, we rob the rich under the protection of our own courage. Aren't you better to let one of us work instead of secretly following these villains? "
[Bill replied that his conscience would not let him violate God and human laws, Bellamy continued]
"You are a devil's conscience rascal! I am a free prince, and I have the right to declare war on the world, just as he has a hundred ships at sea and an army of 100000 people on the battlefield; This is what my conscience tells me! But for this crying puppy, there is nothing to argue about. They allow their superiors to kick them at will. "
-Captain Bellamy, quoted by Captain charles johnson (1724), is the most notorious general history of Pyrates robbery and murder.
However, the Vader was soon hit by a storm at Cape Cod on April 26th of the same year, and hit the rocks and sank. The next day, only nine survivors and some washed-up bodies, hull wreckage, coins and sundries were found on the beach. Bellamy, the leader, disappeared and was believed to have been buried at the bottom of the sea at the age of 29. I would rather believe that he returned to his beloved woman and lived an ordinary life than believe that he was buried at the bottom of the sea.
Although Bellamy's pirate career was only one year, the pirate group he led plundered more than 50 ships, including the top pirate trophy "Vader" and its slave profits. It is estimated that the pirate group got about 4.5 metric tons of gold, silver and jewelry. The sinking location of Vader was confirmed in 1984, and it is still being salvaged (2008). About 654.38+10,000 items were discovered, making it the first pirate ship with physical confirmation in history.
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For those who like to watch Huang Feihong movies, Zhang Baozai is no stranger. Jackie Chan also mentioned this person in Plan A ... This person is not very strong compared with the Pirate King above, but it has been mentioned in various domestic film and television works. Most people in Hong Kong are familiar with him, because he fought hard with the Qing navy and the Portuguese navy in Macao for nine days in Hong Kong and then surrendered to the Qing Dynasty.
Zhang Baozai's image among pirates is often portrayed as a righteous thief in Hong Kong films. In Zhang Baozai, it is forbidden to rape and rob women, and they will definitely give money when they buy goods on the shore. The targets of robbery are official ships and foreign ships.
To put it more clearly, Zhang Baozai is the prototype for Chow Yun Fat to play Pirate King.
In fact, Zhang Baozai used to be a fisherman, but he was hijacked by the pirate Zheng Yi. It may be the aura of the protagonist, or it may be that he is more handsome. Zhang Baozai was adopted by Zheng Yi (it is said that Zheng Yi and Zhang Baozai have that kind of relationship, that is. ), after the death of Zheng Yi, Zhang Baozai was with Zheng Yi's wife, Zheng Yisao, namely Ching Shih. -The story of Zheng Yisao will be filled next time.
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The Real Pirate Empire-"North Sea Empire"
Knut the Great is the grandson of Harald Blatand and the second son of Swann's bearded king. 1002, King aitel Reed II of England ordered the execution of all Danes in Britain, which attracted the revenge of King Swing of Denmark (bearded king). King Swan's mustache conquered most of England in 10 14 and became the first Dane to be recognized as king by the English. But it didn't last long. Swan's throne was not hot, so he reported it to Odin.
Swing's successor, Knut the Great, conquered the whole of England in 10 16 and ascended the throne of England. Knut the Great became king of Denmark in 10 19 and 1028 respectively.