★ Butterfly Superidea [Hesperidin]
Butterfly department
☆ Monogamous cuisine.
☆ Sparidae.
★ Papilionidae
Papilionidae
☆ sericidae
☆ Pteridae.
★ Nymphalioidea [Nymphalioidea]
Papilionidae, Papilionidae
Stinkbug Branch.
★ Papilionidae [Papilionidae]
☆ Stonefishes
☆ Butterfly of Papilionidae
☆ Sphagidae
☆ Red-crowned crane of Papilionidae
☆ Morphinae, Papilionidae
☆ nymphalidae
☆ Lepidoptera moth family
☆ Acroptera of Papilionidae
☆ Seriphidae, Papilionidae
In the above classification, there are no five families of medium and large butterflies, butterflies, butterflies, sleeve butterflies and butterflies distributed in China. Papilionidae and Papilionidae are the butterflies with the most aesthetic and economic value, followed by Papilionidae, Papilionidae, Seriphidae, Papilionidae and Papilionidae.
According to the ecological environment, butterflies can also be divided into the following categories: forest butterflies, swamp butterflies, forest grassland butterflies and agricultural plant butterflies.
Butterfly species in China
There are many kinds of butterflies in China, especially in subtropical areas. Common themes are:
Papilionidae: The undergraduate butterfly is a medium to large beautiful butterfly species. Black, yellow and white are often used as the background color, decorated with red, blue, green and yellow stripes, and some varieties have brilliant metallic luster of blue, green and yellow.
The hind wings generally have a tail band, which is more graceful. Mostly produced in tropical and subtropical areas, eating rutaceae and Rosaceae. Sometimes it is harmful, such as Huang Die and Jade Butterfly.
The lower lip whiskers of most adults (except Papilio) degenerated; The end of the antenna gradually thickens. There is a big thorn inside the tibiofibular joint of the forefoot and a symmetrical claw 1 pair at the end.
The front and rear wings are approximately triangular; The middle chamber of the wings is closed. The anterior wing R vein is 5-branched, with R4 and R5*** stalks; M 1 and r veins are not * * * peduncle; Most species have transverse veins at the base (cu-a), and vein A has two veins (2A and 3A). Hook-shaped transverse shoulder vein (H) exists in the shoulder of the posterior wing; The outer edge is corrugated; The inner edge contracted, and the side was obviously exposed to the abdomen at rest, with only 1 vein A (2a); Most species of M3 veins extend as caudate protrusions, and some species have more than two caudate protrusions or no caudate protrusions.
Papilionidae: Papilionidae is a small to medium-sized butterfly species. Often white and yellow, decorated with black, red and yellow stripes, most kinds of wings are pink. White butterflies and Pi Na butterflies are harmful to cruciferous vegetables, while tree butterflies are harmful to fruit trees.
There is a middle pad (sucker) between the two claws at the end of the forelimb of the adult Papilio, so it can stay on the surface of smooth vertical objects such as upright glass.
The front and rear wings are similar to sui circles; The middle chamber of the wings is closed. There are 3 ~ 5 branches of R vein in the forelegs. R2 and R3 in the forelegs of most species often merge, and R4 and R5 in some species also merge. M 1 and r pulse * * * stem; There are only 1 pulse (2A) in one pulse. The posterior wing has transverse shoulder vein (H); The outer edge of the wing is blunt and round; At rest, the abdomen is not visible on the side, and the inner edge of the hind wing is developed, with two A veins (2A and 3A).
Nymphalidae is a small to medium-sized butterfly species, and a few species are large, with more than 5,000 known species, making it the largest butterfly family. Rich colors and different shapes. The forelimbs are degenerated, without claws, and the wings are folded on the back. Easy to identify. Rice butterfly larvae harm rice and bamboo, and the front wings have two eyeliner, such as sun and moon, so it is also called sun and moon butterfly. It is a small and medium-sized butterfly species, and a few are large ones. Rich colors and different shapes.
The lower lip of Nymphalidae adults must be particularly thick; The antenna end is obviously thickened; Some kinds of diaphragm are particularly thick and developed; The forefoot degenerates and does not need to contract. Male tarsal joint, female with 4 ~ 5 tarsal joints, all claws degenerated.
The wing shape of the butterfly is rich and varied, and there are great differences among genera. The front wings are mostly triangular; The intermediate chamber is opened or closed; The R pulse is 5 branches, and R2 to R5*** stems; M 1 and r veins are not * * * peduncle; There are only 1 pulse (2A) in one pulse. The hind wings are nearly round or triangular; Some species have serrated edges; The intermediate chamber is opened or closed; There is a well-developed transverse shoulder vein (H) in the shoulder; The gluteal region of the inner margin is well developed, with two A veins (2A and 3A).
Papilionidae: a small butterfly of the genus Papilionidae. The front of the wings is mainly gray, brown and black. Some kinds of wings have brilliant metallic luster of purple, blue and green. The colors and stripes on the front and back of the wings are completely different, and the colors on the back are rich and varied.
The antenna of adult Papilio has many white rings; The forefoot has degenerated, but it can still be used for walking. Male forefoot is mostly hock and claw-shaped, and rarely segmented. Women have two to five hocks on their forefeet.
The front wings of undergraduate butterflies are mostly triangular; The intermediate chamber is closed or open; 3-4 branches of R vein, R4-R5*** peduncle; M 1 and r pulse * * * stem; There is no bifurcation at the bottom of pulse a (with or without 3A merging into 2A). The hind wings are nearly ovoid; The intermediate chamber is closed or open; There is no transverse shoulder vein in the shoulder area; The buttock area at the inner edge is well developed, with two A veins (2A and 3A).
Most larvae are phytophagous, and a few can prey on mites or aphids.
Seriphidae: Most of them are of medium size, white or waxy yellow. Adult silkworm butterflies have short antennae and rod-shaped ends. The lower lip must be short; Hairy body. The wings are nearly round, and the scales on the wing surface are rare (the scales are seed-like), translucent, with black, red or yellow markings, and the markings are mostly annular. There are only 4 R veins, 2 A veins and no transverse gluteal vein in the anterior wing. There is no caudate process in the posterior wing, but there is 1 A vein.
All kinds of undergraduate courses are produced in high mountains, with strong cold resistance, and some fly up and down the snow line close to the ground, which is slow and easy to catch. .
Amathusiidae: Most undergraduate butterflies belong to medium to large butterfly species. Often taupe, tan as the main color, decorated with black and white stripes. Most of the colors are yellow, gray, brown and dark brown, and a few are deep purple. There are big spots on the wings. The terminal part gradually thickens, but it is not obvious; The forefoot degenerates and does not need to contract. Male tarsal joint, female with 4 ~ 5 tarsal joints, all claws degenerated.
The two wings are large and the worm is small; The front wing is approximately triangular; The middle cavity is closed, and the back angle protrudes outward; The anterior wing has 4 to 5 R veins, and R2 to R5*** are long stalks; M 1 and r veins are not * * * peduncle; There are only 1 pulse (2A) in one pulse. The hind wings are nearly round; The middle chamber is open; The shoulder region has a transverse shoulder vein (h); The buttock area of the inner edge is well developed, with two A veins (2A and 3A), and there are often many annular stripes on the opposite sides of the wings near the sub-outer edge.
Nymphalidae: A large and gorgeous butterfly species, with wide wings that spread 75-200mm. Often dominated by black and white, decorated with red, white, black, blue and other colors, and some varieties have brilliant purple-blue metallic luster.
Papilio: A medium or large species with a black body, white spots on the head and abdomen, bright wings and gregarious habits. Often dominated by black and white, decorated with red, white, black, blue and other colors, and some varieties have brilliant purple-blue metallic luster. The antenna end of the adult butterfly gradually thickens, but it is not obvious; The forefoot degenerates and does not need to contract. Male forefoot is hock joint, female has 4 ~ 5 hock joints, and all claws are degenerated; There are often many white spots on the chest side; The male has a retractable long-haired pinch at the end of the abdomen.
The front and rear wings are approximately triangular; The middle chamber of the wings is closed. 5 branches of R veins in the anterior wing, with * * * stalks from R3 to R5; M 1 and r pulse * * * short handle; The anterior wing A vein is bifurcated at the base (3A merges into 2A). The hind wing is triangular, and there is a short transverse shoulder vein (H) on the shoulder. There are two pulses a (2A and 3a); Some species of male butterflies have fragrant scales or prominent fragrant scales.
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