The author lamented that the sages once said in a poem: "If you dig 72 suspected graves, there will be a place to be buried." How do you know that Cao Cao's tomb is outside the 72 suspected graves? Cao Aman is so treacherous! However, after more than a thousand years, his bones are still rotten, so what's the use of his treachery? Oh, dear! From this perspective, Cao Aman's wit is actually his stupidity.
2. Translation of Classical Chinese 1 There is a proud official in the lacquer garden, but a wife changes-Poems of Wandering Immortals by Guo Pu in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Zhuangzi is determined to escape and is unwilling to be an official; Lao Laizi's wife is ambitious.
Qiyuan official: Zhuangzi is determined to be a recluse and unwilling to be an official.
Two birds enjoy raising, and I love my family —— Tao Yuanming studied mountain and sea plants in Xia Meng at the end of Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Song Dynasty.
The bird seems very happy. I like my cabin.
3 Light rain comes from the east, and both wind and rain are suitable —— Reading Tao Yuanming's Classic of Mountains and Seas at the end of Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Song Dynasty
The east is falling, and the pleasant breeze blows to the beauty's heart.
4 Sunset lingers at the ferry, and smoke rises from the house in the middle of the night —— Wang Wei's Letter from My Cabin in Wangchuan to Pei Di.
The sun in the west shines obliquely on the ferry, and a wisp of kitchen smoke rises in the village.
I will walk until the river blocks my way, then sit down and look at the rising clouds. -Wang Wei's "My retreat in Zhongnanshan"
The climber kept walking until the water disappeared, so he just sat down and looked at the clouds rising on the mountain.
"I will walk until the water checks my path, and then sit and watch the rising clouds" has two realms.
First, don't be disappointed when you are desperate, because that is the beginning of hope; The water in the mountains is due to rain, and a cloud means that the water is coming soon.
Another realm is that it doesn't matter if it doesn't rain now, it will rain one day.
6 Living in June, the car is ready-The Book of Songs Xiaoya June
In June, the troops were dispatched urgently and the personnel carriers were ready.
Habitat: Busy, urgent.
(Pool): Arrange in order.
7 Take your bags and get your salary, and chisel the popsicle with an axe —— A Journey to Bitter Cold by Cao Cao, Emperor Wu of Wei
The bag on his shoulder is used as firewood, and the ice is cut with an axe to make small rice.
It means marching is hard.
Mi méi: non-sticky millet (also known as "glutinous rice")
Dan: Hey, why? From people, Zhan Sheng. Say no with your back and look at it with your shoulders. -"Shuo Wen". The word "bear" was also used.
They walked through the elm pass with the sound of gongs and drums, and they waved a line of flags around the stone tablet-Tang's Walking.
They walked through the Yushu Pass with the sound of gongs and drums: describing the great momentum when they went out to war.
"influence" Jin: a metal musical instrument in the ancient army. Cut: Knock. Drum: War drum. Guan Yu: Shanhaiguan. This is a gateway from the inland of China to the northeast. Next step: Go and arrive.
They circled a line of flying flags on the stone tablet: describing the military purge when Tang Jun went to war.
Jing Biao: Various flags in the army. Wandering: Describe the twists and turns of Tang Jun's March. Jieshi: Jieshi Mountain, in the northwest of Changli County, Hebei Province.
The sweat of the snow evaporates on horseback, freezing the pattern of the five-flowered coin and your challenge from the camp, the ink bottle from the ice. -Cen Can's Walking in Sichuan
The hair on the horse was still snowing, and the striped sweat on the horse immediately turned into ice. The water in the inkstone proposed in the curtain account is also condensed.
Five money: all famous horses. Also refers to the stripes on the horse.
Grass: Drafting documents denouncing the enemy.
10 drums are pounding everywhere, and the mountains are shaking and screaming. -Cen Can's "Song of the Wheel Tower" bid farewell to Feng, the general of the Western Expedition
The drums are everywhere, and the vast Xue Hai is also surging; The soldiers of the three armies shouted loudly, and the majestic Yinshan was shaken.
Drum cutting: beating drums.
Yinshan: In today's Inner Mongolia. In this generation, it refers to the mountains outside the Great Wall.
3. Classical Chinese Yan Nu explains the translation of ancient Chinese 1 Yan Nu [1], the smallest goose, especially alert.
Birds must choose their night habitat, and they are afraid of people traveling (1). Every flock of geese has to spend the night. The geese are not alone [2], so they are waiting.
Or a little smell of human voice, you must call it first, and the goose will call it [3]. After the villagers were familiar with their reasons, they cleverly set a trick to win over the wild goose slaves.
Ignition. The wild geese suddenly sang, and the villagers immediately sank the fire.
The geese start to get up and look at it. There is nothing, and they will come back to life. If so, four or three.
A flock of wild geese will kill themselves with slaves, peck them and live again. Before long, before the villagers held the fire, the geese were afraid of pecking and dared not sing.
A flock of geese can sleep and catch them all. There are two styles of ancient Chinese prose: white geese get together.
Be sure to choose a good habitat at night, for fear of people swimming and wild geese patrolling. When people arrive, they will sing, and geese will borrow it.
Zeren is familiar with it, and the fire shines on it. The geese suddenly sang, and the Zeren suddenly sank. The geese all started up and regarded it as nothing.
If this happens again and again, geese will kill themselves with slaves and peck them to death. A few days later, before Zeren held the fire, the geese didn't dare to sing, and they all slept.
In ancient China, three wild geese lived on the banks of rivers and lakes, with a total of [zhé] (total) thousand geese, and the big one (leader) was in the middle, which made the wild geese surround the police. Southerners have catchers. When it is dark or there is no moon, they hide candles in the jar, and several people hold sticks and hold their breath.
If you want to get close to it, just hide it with a candle. The wild goose slave exclaimed, and the big one was also surprised.
It's a matter of time. The catcher raised the candle again, and the wild goose was surprised. It was three or four.
The big man was angry and pecked the wild goose slave. Those who grab [bǐng] (take) the candle slowly push (close to the wild goose) and even raise the candle. The wild goose slaves are afraid of pecking, so they don't bark.
Those who fight [just] hold candles high, and those who hold sticks join the geese, kill them and get a lot. (According to "Yutang Gossip", the ancient prose 4 Yannu, the smallest wild goose, is particularly alert.
Every flock of geese spend the night, and the goose is not alone, waiting for it. Or when you hear people's voices, you must call first, and the geese will call and lead each other.
The villagers cleverly set up tricks to win the desire of wild goose slaves. So first look at the places where vicious geese often haunt, spread a big net in the shade and put more holes in the soil next to it.
Before dawn, everyone held a bag and hid in the cave. Fire outside the cave if necessary at night, and the geese will warn you to put out the fire first. The goose was surprised, turned a blind eye, and then lived again.
So the three Liao and three extinguishes, the wild goose crows three times, and the wild goose is startled three times; If you have nothing to see, the goose says that there is no test of slaves, and they will fight each other and live again. If you choose less, the fire will start again, and the geese are afraid of public attacks and dare not sing.
As soon as the villagers heard that it was silent, they pulled the net and got five out of ten. 1 Yannu is the smallest of the gulls and is very alert by nature.
When geese sleep at night, they always choose a safer place, mainly for fear of being caught or shot to death with an arrow. Every time geese sleep, only Yannu doesn't sleep. It seems to be standing guard for the geese. As long as there is a little movement around, it will bark first, and the geese will run away with each other.
Later, people in the village would rather set a more ingenious trap to deal with the wild goose slaves. So we first found the lake area where geese often live, secretly laid a big net and dug a cave near the net.
During the day, when the geese are not there, people hide in caves and draw nets with hemp ropes. When it was almost dawn, people made a fire outside the cave. The geese were the first to be alert and sing, and they immediately put out the fire. When the geese woke up, they didn't see any movement, so they perched and slept again.
So people lit many times, geese sang many times, and geese woke up many times; When they woke up, nothing happened. The geese thought that the wild goose was barking without foundation, took turns pecking at it, attacking it, and then rested and slept. After a while, (people) lit a fire again, and the wild goose slave was afraid that the geese would peck it again and did not dare to call the police.
As soon as the geese slept in a daze, people cast nets, and no one escaped. In Taihu Lake, (there are many) white geese gather.
At night (they) must choose a place to live, lest humans shoot themselves with silk arrows and send geese on duty to patrol around. Call when someone comes and tell the goose to close its eyes (sleep).
People by the lake are familiar with their own affairs and light a fire. When the goose on duty croaked, the people at the lake immediately lowered (and shielded) the fire.
The goose was awakened. Look, there's nothing. Like this three or four times.
Goose thinks that the goose on duty deceives himself and pecks it. Before long, the people by the lake walked forward with fire, and the geese on duty did not dare to bark. Those geese have just fallen asleep, and there are not a few in the net.
Wild geese live on the banks of rivers and lakes at night, always in groups of 100. The leader slept among the geese and let them stand guard outside. There are goose catchers in the south, waiting for the dark night or the night without moonlight, hiding candles in jars. Many people hold sticks, hold their breath and walk quietly.
When you get close to the goose, just hold the candle slightly and then hide immediately. Yannu exclaimed at the sight of the fire, and the leading geese were awakened, and soon settled down again.
The goose catcher raised the candle again, and the goose slave exclaimed again. Repeat many times.
The leading geese got angry and went to peck the wild geese. The man with the candle slowly approached the goose again, and then raised the candle.
At this time, Yannu stopped screaming for fear of being pecked. Goose catchers hold candles high, and people with sticks rush into the geese to attack and kill them, so that many geese can be caught.
There is a kind of bird called Yannu. It is the smallest of the geese.
However, nature is vigilant. When geese sleep at night, they always choose a safer place, mainly for fear of being caught or shot to death with an arrow.
Every time geese sleep, only Yannu doesn't sleep. It seems to be standing guard for the geese. As long as there is a little movement around, it will bark first, and the geese will run away with each other. Later, the local people knew this characteristic of geese, so they thought of a way to catch them: first, they lit a torch near the geese, and the geese began to call the police loudly. People immediately put out the fire. When the goose woke up, she looked around, but nothing happened. After a while, they made a fire again, and the wild goose called again. This was repeated several times. The geese thought that they were lying to them and affected their sleep, so they all pecked.
In this way, these locals can hold high torches to drive away geese, but Yannu is afraid that everyone will peck it and dare not scream. When the locals didn't hear the cry again, they opened their nets to catch wild geese, and ten could catch about five.
4. Classical Chinese translation of the original text
Confucius saw Luo (1) finches, and all of them were yellow-mouthed finches (2). The master asked him, "Why can't big birds be alone?" The bird catcher said, "Big birds are good at being surprised and rare, and yellow mouths are greedy and easy to get." The yellow mouth comes from the big sparrow, which is not allowed; Big birds can also be obtained from the yellow mouth. " Confucius quoted his disciples as saying: "Being good at scaring people will do great harm; Eating well will forget your troubles; Good heart will harm people; And take obedience as a blessing and obedience as a curse. " . Therefore, a gentleman should be cautious. With the care of the elderly, there will be order in the whole body. With the stupidity of young people, there will be failure in peril. "
[Notes] ① Luo: Catch birds with a net. ② Yellow mouth: The chicken's mouth is yellow, and then it refers to the chicken. ③ Far harm: stay away from harm. 4 Shi Li: Gluttony. 5 from: born. 6 heart: nature. 7 concerns of the elderly: concerns of the elderly. 8 the order of the whole body: the whole body, save the body; Preface: same as "borrow", depend on. 9 Han: Stupid and reckless. Attending defeat: disaster, disaster.
translate
Confucius has seen people who catch birds with nets. All he catches are chickens. Confucius asked him, "Only big birds can't be caught. Why? " The bird catcher said, "big birds are easily frightened, so it is difficult to catch them." Young birds are greedy, so they are easy to catch. " If the little sparrow follows the big sparrow, it can't be caught; But if the big sparrow follows the small sparrow, it can also be caught. Confucius said to his disciples, "A big bird that is easily frightened can stay away from disaster, while a chicken that likes to overeat easily forgets disaster.". This is their in our nature, and following different birds is the reason for their misfortune. Therefore, gentlemen should carefully choose the people they follow, save their lives with the help of the thoughtful consideration of the elderly, and imitate the stupidity and recklessness of young people, which will lead to dangerous death. "
meaning
This is an opportunity for Confucius to educate students, telling them to listen to their teachers with an open mind and learn from them with an open mind.
5. When people are at sea, there are good birds. When they go to the sea, they swim from the birds and stay.
His father said, "I heard that all the birds swam past you, so you took them to play." In tomorrow's sea, ostriches can dance without falling down.
?
Selected from Liezi? Yellow emperor. ② Lu: Same as "Gull". Ostrich, seagull. 3 live: the same as "number". ?
Translation?
On that distant coast, there was a man who liked seagulls very much. He comes to the seaside to play with seagulls every morning. Seagulls come in droves, sometimes more than a hundred. ?
Later, his father said to him, "I heard that seagulls like to play with you." Take the opportunity to grab some and let me play. " The next day, he came to the seaside as usual, intent on catching seagulls, but the seagulls just danced and circled in the sky, but refused to fall again. ?
Sincerity can buy friendship, but treachery will lose friends forever.
6. Eight times, all the translations of classical Chinese stopped, the smoke on the river completely dissipated, and the sky and the distant mountains showed the same color.
Go with the flow, go with the flow and enjoy the scenery. From Fuyang to Tonglu, it is about 100 Li, during which the peculiar landscape is a unique beauty in the world.
The water is bluish white, and the deep river is crystal clear. Fish and fine sand gravel swimming at the bottom of the river have been looking down without hindrance.
The rushing water is faster than an arrow, and the rushing waves are like galloping horses. Green trees grow on the mountains on both sides of the river; (tree) leaning against the mountain, as if the comparison is still higher; (Mountains) go straight up, forming countless peaks.
The spring hit the rocks and made a crisp sound. Beautiful birds sing a harmonious and beautiful melody.
Cicadas keep chirping, so do apes. Those who want to fly to the sky like kites and compete for fame and fortune will calm down when they see the peaks here; Those who are busy with government affairs will linger when they see the valley.
The oblique branches cover it, and it is as dark as dusk even during the day; Sparse branches cover each other, and sometimes you can see the sun (from the cracks in the branches and leaves). Mr. Wang doesn't know where he comes from, nor does he know his surname and word.
There are five willows beside the house, so this is the number. Mr. Wang is quiet, seldom speaks and does not envy wealth.
I like reading, but I just want to know the general idea; Everyone who understands the contents of the book will be so happy that they forget to eat. I like drinking, but my family is poor and I can't drink often.
Relatives and friends all know that he has this hobby, and sometimes he will hold a banquet to entertain him; Go for a drink, have fun, and hope to get drunk. Go home when you're drunk. Stop pretending and leave.
The humble room is empty and can't cover the wind, rain and scorching sun; The coarse jacket was patched, the basket for rice and the spoon for drinking water were often empty, but he remained calm. I often write articles to entertain myself and show my ambition a little.
Don't take gains and losses to heart, and live your own life. Someone praised: Qian Lou's wife once said: "I am not worried about poverty, and I am not keen on getting rich and being an official."
This is probably Mr. Wu Liu, right? Writing poems while drinking, I am happy for my interest. He may be an ordinary person without Wyeth, or an ordinary person in GM Shi Tian, right? There is Bole first in the world, and then there is a swift horse.
There are often swift horses, but Bole is not often. Therefore, even a valuable horse, in the hands of the groom, is only humiliated and dies in the stable with ordinary horses, instead of being called a swift horse.
A horse that travels thousands of miles a day sometimes eats up a stone of grain at a meal, and the groom doesn't feed it according to its ability to travel thousands of miles a day. Although such a horse has the ability to travel thousands of miles a day, its talent and excellent qualifications will not be shown because of lack of food and physical strength. Moreover, it is almost impossible to expect it to walk thousands of miles a day. How can you ask for a thousand miles a day? Driving it is not the way to drive a swift horse. Feeding it can't give full play to its talents. Listen to its neigh, you don't know what it means.
The groom stood in front of it with a whip and said, "There is no swift horse in the world!" Alas! Is there really no maxima? In fact, they really don't understand maxima. When I was a child, I especially liked studying.
But the family is poor and can't afford to buy books. They often borrow books from people who have books, copy them by hand, and return them on an agreed date. Even if the weather is very cold, the water in the inkstone becomes hard ice, and my fingers can't bend and straighten, and I keep copying books.
After the transcription, I ran to deliver it, not daring to exceed the agreed time limit slightly. So people lend me books, so I can read all kinds of books.
As an adult, (I) admire the theory of sages more, and I am worried that I can't communicate with knowledgeable and respected teachers. Once I ran a hundred miles, holding a scripture in my hand, and asked the local moral and learned predecessors for advice.
The old man is highly respected, and the students (asking him for advice) crowded his room. (He) didn't soften his words at all, and his face softened a little. I stood beside him and waited respectfully, asking questions, asking reasons and bending my ears for advice.
Sometimes I will be reprimanded by my predecessors. My expression is more respectful and my manners are more thoughtful. I dare not say a word to defend myself. Ask him when he is happy.
So although I am stupid, I can finally gain something. When I study with my teacher, I carry my book box and drag my shoes, walking in deep valleys and huge canyons.
The cold wind blows hard in winter, and the skin on my feet is broken because of the cold and dryness, but I don't know it. Back to school, my limbs were stiff and I couldn't move.
The waiter bathed (me) with hot water and wrapped (me) with a quilt, which took a long time to warm up. Staying in a hotel, the innkeeper provides two meals a day, and there is nothing fresh, fat and delicious to enjoy.
The other students who live with me are wearing gorgeous clothes, hats decorated with red headbands and jewels, rings made of white jade around their waists, treasure knives in their left hands and sachets hanging from their right hands, which look radiant and like immortals; I live among them in rags, but I'm not jealous. (That is) because (I) have something happy in my heart (reading), so I don't feel that food and clothing are not as good as people.
I study very hard, and that's about it. Walking about 120 steps from the mountain to the west, through the bamboo forest, I heard the sound of water, like the sound of Dai Yupei's people colliding with Yuhuan.
I'm happy about it. Chopped bamboo, opened a road, and saw a small pool down, which was particularly clear and transparent.
The pool is based on a whole stone. Near the shore, some parts of the stone bottom are rolled out of the water and become caves, islands, moraines, rocks and other shapes. Lush trees, green stems and vines, covered with twisted, swaying connections, uneven, floating in the wind.
There are about a hundred fish swimming around in the pond, all of which seem to swim around in the air, and there is nothing to rely on. The sun shines directly on the bottom of the water, and the shadow of the fish is reflected on the stone surface of the bottom of the water, motionless; Suddenly swam away.
Come and go briskly, as if to amuse tourists. Southwest Xiangtan.
7. There is a laurel tree next to the house where I study.
One day on the laurel tree, there was a cooing sound, so look at it. Two birds nest between branches, less than five or six feet from the ground, and people can touch them with their hands. The bird's nest is as big as a small cup, accurate, complete and firm, and it is made of fine grass.
Birds have a female and a male. They are too small to fill. Their fur is smooth, beautiful, white and lovely. I wonder what kind of birds they are. The chick is about to hatch, the female covers it with wings, and the male goes hunting.
Every time I get food, I stay on the house and don't come down at once. The owner (of the house) jokingly shakes its nest with his hand, and (they) look down at the chirping, shake it gently and scream, then shake it again and shout, and then take it off and stop screaming.
One day, I came from outside and saw (the bird's nest) fall to the ground, looking for two birds and their eggs, all of which were gone. Ask them (where they are going). Someone's footman took them away.
Alas! Because birds have white feathers and beautiful songs, why not go to the deep mountains and live in the dense forest? Not a place to entrust his body, and he was humiliated and died by slaves. Is the road (just) wide in the world? ! In the room where I study, there is a plant in Guangxi, just above it, and the sound of closing it every day is natural. If you look at it, two nests are between its branches.
It is not five or six feet from the ground, and people can reach it. The nest is as big as a lamp, precise and strong, made of fine grass.
There are females and males in birds, but they are all too young to eat enough. They are bright, beautiful and lovely. I don't know what bird it is.
The chicks come out, the females spread their wings and the males feed. Small shake small ring, swagger.
Another day, I saw the bird's nest landing from the outside and found two birds and chicks. Ask it, some slave will take it away.
Ha ha! With the clean feathers of this bird, it sounds good, but it is not suitable for deep mountains and forests, but for lush forests. It is shameful to be a slave to death! (Excerpted from Dai Mingshi's "Birds Say" in Qing Dynasty) There is a laurel tree next to the house where I study. One day on the laurel tree, there was a cooing sound, so look at it. Two birds nest between branches, less than five or six feet from the ground, and people can touch them with their hands.
The bird's nest is as big as a small cup, accurate, complete and firm, and it is made of fine grass. Birds have a female and a male. They are too small to fill. Their fur is smooth, beautiful, white and lovely. I wonder what kind of birds they are.
The chick is about to hatch, the female covers it with wings, and the male goes hunting. Every time I get food, I stay on the house and don't come down at once.
The owner (of the house) jokingly shakes its nest with his hand, and (they) look down at the chirping, shake it gently and scream, then shake it again and shout, and then take it off and stop screaming. One day, I came from outside and saw (the bird's nest) fall to the ground, looking for two birds and their eggs, all of which were gone.
Ask them (where they are going). Someone's footman took them away. Alas! Because birds have white feathers and beautiful songs, why not go to the deep mountains and live in the dense forest? This is not a (proper) place to entrust your body.
8. Jingwei fills the sea in ancient Chinese translation: 200 miles north, called pigeon mountain. There are many dead trees and birds on it. It is shaped like a black one with a white beak and bare feet. It is called "Jingwei" and its name is self-styled. It's Yan Di's girl, named Girl. The girl drowned while swimming in the East China Sea, so she was Jingwei. She often holds the title of Xishan Wood and Stone, so that she is trapped in the East China Sea. Out of the water, it flows eastward into the river.
200 miles further north, there is a mountain called Faduo Foshan, on which many Zheshu trees grow. There is a bird, shaped like a crow, with a pattern on its head, a white mouth and red feet. It's called Jingwei, and its cry seems to be calling its name. Legend has it that this bird is the incarnation of Yan Di's youngest daughter, named Nuwa. Once, the girl went swimming in the East China Sea, was drowned and never came back, so she became a bird. Often bite the branches and stones on the western hills to fill the East China Sea. The turbid Zhanghe River originates from Lushan Mountain and flows eastward to join the Yellow River.