3. 1. 1 Definition: Jewelry and jade are the general names of natural jewelry and jade (including natural gemstones, natural jade and natural organic gemstones) and artificial products (including synthetic gemstones, artificial gem, assembled gemstones and recycled gemstones), which are referred to as gems for short. "Jewels and jade" and "gems" cannot be used as the names of specific commodities.

3. 1.2 general rules for naming: the naming of all kinds of jewelry and jade must be based on the basic names listed in Appendix A and determined according to the naming rules and standards specified in Appendix B.

Other names not listed in the basic name in Appendix A must be used in brackets, and the names of jewelry and jade of the same mineral (rock) or material listed in Appendix A must be indicated before them. Such as: "fluorite (soft amethyst)" and "quartzite (guicui)".

Other mineral (rock) names not listed in Appendix A can be directly used as jewelry and jade names.

3.2 Natural gems in natural jewelry and jade

3.2. 1 Definition: The substances produced in nature, which are beautiful, durable, rare and have craft value, and can be processed into decorations are collectively called natural jewelry and jade. Include natural gemstones, natural jade and natural organic gemstones. Cultured pearls also belong to this category.

3.3 Natural gemstones

3.3. 1 Definition: naturally occurring, beautiful, durable and rare minerals (including twins) that can be processed into decorations.

3.3.2 Naming rules: directly use the basic names of natural gemstones or their mineral names. There is no need to add the word "natural", such as "golden emerald" and "ruby".

3.3.3 Not participating in naming factors

A place of origin does not participate in naming, such as "South African diamond" and "Myanmar sapphire".

B It is forbidden to use names consisting of two natural gemstone names, such as "Ruby Spinel" and "chamotte Sapphire", except "chamotte Cat's Eye".

C it is forbidden to use ambiguous enterprise names, such as "blue crystal" (blue crystal is easily confused with kyanite).

D it is forbidden to directly use the word "semi-precious stone" as the name of natural precious stones.

3.4 Natural Jade Natural Jade

3.4. 1 Definition: Natural mineral aggregate with beautiful, durable, rare and technological value, and a few of them are amorphous.

3.4.2 Naming rules: directly use the basic name of natural jade or its mineral (rock) name. The word "jade" can be attached to the name of natural jade; There is no need to add the word "natural" except "natural glass".

3.4.3 Does not involve naming factors.

A. name natural jade without carving its shape.

B. Except for some traditional names, the place of origin does not participate in naming.

C it is not allowed to directly replace the name of natural jade with "jade" or "jade" alone.

3.5 Natural organic matter, natural organic gems

3.5. 1 Definition: A solid which is generated by natural organisms and partially or completely composed of organic matters and can be used for decoration is a natural organic gem. Cultured pearls also belong to this category.

3.5.2 Naming rules: directly use the basic names of natural organic gemstones without adding the word "natural". The word "cultured" must be added before the name of cultured pearls, such as "cultured pearls".

3.5.3 Not participating in naming factors

A the names of natural organic gemstones are not changed by the place of origin, such as "Baltic amber".

B. The names of natural organic gems are not decorated with shapes.

3.6 man-made products

3.6. 1 Definition: All or part of materials used for jewelry and decorations produced or manufactured by people are collectively referred to as artificial products. Including synthetic gemstones, artificial gem, divided gemstones and reconstructed gemstones.

3.7 artificial stone

3.7. 1 Definition: a crystal or amorphous body that is completely or partially made by human beings and has a known counterpart in nature, and its physical properties, chemical composition and crystal structure are basically the same as the corresponding natural jewelry and jade.

3.7.2 Naming rules: The word "synthetic" must be added before the name of the corresponding natural jewelry and jade, such as "synthetic ruby" and "synthetic emerald".

3.7.3 Not participating in naming factors

A it is forbidden to use the name of the manufacturer or manufacturer for direct naming, such as "Chatham Emerald" and "Linde Emerald".

B it is forbidden to use confusing or ambiguous nouns for naming, such as "Rubin stone", "red corundum" and "synthetic product".

3.8 artificial gem artificial stone

3.8. 1 Definition: artificial gem is manufactured artificially, and there is no known crystal or amorphous counterpart in nature.

3.8.2 Naming rules: The word "artificial" must be added before the name of the material, such as "artificial yttrium aluminum garnet", except "glass" and "plastic".

3.8.3 Not participating in naming factors

A it is forbidden to use the name of the manufacturer and the manufacturer to participate in naming.

B it is forbidden to use the country or place names produced to participate in naming, such as "Soviet diamonds".

C. production methods are not allowed to participate in naming.

3.9 Composite Gems with Split Gems

3.9. 1 Definition: Jewelry and jade, which is composed of two or more pieces of materials and gives people an overall impression, is called split stone, or "split stone" for short.

3.9.2 Naming rules: write down the names of constituent materials layer by layer, and add the words "mosaic stone" after the names of constituent materials, such as "sapphire and synthetic sapphire mosaic stone"; Add the word "mosaic stone" after the name of the composition material, such as "zircon mosaic stone"; The names of split stones with pearls, cultured pearls, opal or synthetic opal as the main materials can be used respectively, and it is not necessary to write the names of materials layer by layer.

3. 10 recycled stone

3. 10. 1 definition: the fragments or chips of natural jewelry and jade are welded or pressed into jewelry and jade with overall appearance by manual means.

3. 10.2 naming rules: add the word "regeneration" before the name of natural jewelry and jade, such as "regenerated amber" and "regenerated turquoise".

3. 1 1 imitation stone

3. 1 1. 1 Definition: Artificial products used to imitate the color, appearance and special optical effects of natural jewelry and jade can be called imitation gems. The word "imitation gem" cannot be used as the name of jewelry and jade alone.

3. 1 1.2 Naming rules: a. Prefix the name of imitation natural jewelry and jade with the word "imitation", such as "imitation emerald" and "imitation pearl".

B the specific names of jewelry and jade shall be determined as far as possible, and the following expressions shall be adopted, such as "artificial yttrium aluminum garnet" or "emerald imitation (artificial yttrium aluminum garnet)".

C. When determining the names of specific jewels and jades, the naming rules of synthetic gemstones, artificial gem, split gemstones and recycled gemstones specified in this standard shall be followed.

3. 1 1.3 Usage and Meaning

3. 1 1.3. 1 imitation gem does not represent the specific category of jewelry and jade.

3. 1 1.3.2 When the expression "imitation of a certain kind of jewelry and jade" (such as "imitation of diamond") is used as the name of jewelry and jade, it means that the jewelry and jade are: a. jewelry and jade that is not the imitation (such as "diamond"); B. it is an artificial product;

C. there are many possibilities for specific imitation materials.

3. 12 special optical effect optical phenomenon

3. 12. 1 cat's eye effect

3. 12. 1. 1 Naming rules: The naming method of jewelry and jade with cat's eye effect is to add the word "cat's eye" after the basic name of jewelry and jade. Such as "apatite cat's eye" and "glass cat's eye", except emeralds.

3. 12.2 starlight effect

3. 12.2. 1 naming rules: the naming method of jewels and jade with starlight effect is: add the basic name of jewels and jade with the word "starlight". Such as "Star Ruby" and "Starlight Diopside". The naming method of synthetic gemstones with starlight effect is to add the words "synthetic starlight" before the basic names of corresponding natural gemstones, such as "synthetic star ruby".

3. 12.3 Other special optical effects and other optical phenomena

3. 12.3. 1 definition: all other special optical effects in jewelry and jade except starlight effect and cat's eye effect. Such as: discoloration effect, placer gold effect, etc.

3. 12.3.2 Naming rules: For jewels and jade with other special optical effects, special optical effects are not involved in naming, but can be noted in the remarks.

3. 13 optimization processing enhancement

3. 13. 1 definition

3. 13. 1. 1 optimization and enhancement: all methods used to improve the appearance (color, cleanliness or special phenomena), durability or usability of jewelry and jade except cutting and polishing. It is divided into two categories: optimization and processing.

3. 13. 1.2 optimization and enhancement: a traditional and widely accepted optimization method to show the potential aesthetic feeling of jewelry and jade.

3. 1.3 processing:

Non-traditional and not yet accepted optimization treatment method.

3. 13.2 Common methods

3. 13.2. 1 optimization method: heat treatment, bleaching, wax immersion, colorless oil immersion and dyeing treatment (chalcedony, agate and jasper are removed).

3. 13.2.2 treatment method: soaking in colored oil, filling treatment (glass filling, plastic filling or other hard materials such as polymer), soaking in wax (turquoise), dyeing treatment, irradiation treatment, laser drilling, film covering treatment and surface diffusion treatment.

3. 13.3 Naming rules

3. 13.3. 1 optimized naming of jewelry and jade

A. directly use the name of jewelry and jade;

B. There is no need for remarks in the jewelry and jade appraisal certificate.

3. 13.3.2 Naming of processed jewelry and jade

A Put brackets after the name of the corresponding jewelry and jade and indicate the word "treatment", such as "sapphire (treatment)".

B. In the jewelry and jade appraisal certificate, it is necessary to note the specific treatment method, such as "Remarks: surface diffusion treatment".

C. Under the current general appraisal technical conditions, the word "treatment" may not be added after the name of jewelry and jade, but it must be indicated and described in the following ways, such as "not sure whether it has been treated by XXX" or "possibly treated by XXX", such as "topaz, remarks: not sure whether it has been irradiated" or "not sure whether it has been treated by XXX".