1888, George Parker, a telegraph teacher in Wisconsin, was born because he often had to repair ink pens for his students.

I have the idea of designing a high-quality ink pen by myself. After many experiments, he finally created a pen called "Lucky"

Huan's new pen solved some common problems of ordinary pens at that time and obtained patents. Then Parker founded the company,

Active marketing operation makes this brand go global gradually.

At first, Parker's target market was business people, college students and professionals, but he soon found that the literary and art circles were very interested in this pen.

The demand for Parker pens is extremely large, and with the passage of time, Parker pens have gradually stepped onto the political stage since the 1940s.

Taiwan Province became the first choice of writing tools for heads of state. 1945 After World War II, Eisenhower and Mike signed a covenant.

General Arthur signed it with Parker's pen when he accepted the Japanese surrender, and Nixon 1972 brought the meeting to the chairman when he visited China.

Li is also a special Parker pen astronaut to retrieve soil from the moon. Because of its unique design and conception, it is constantly introduced.

The new Parker pen has also been sought after by ordinary people. Owning a Parker pen is not only a symbol of status, but also has

The value of the collection.

Second place: Mont Blanc

Montblanc was founded in 1906, but before 1889, the Swiss watch company Suter used the name "Montblanc".

Mass production of movement and case, re-launch Montblanc brand watches after 108. For more than a hundred years, Wanbao

The name of the dragon represents the acme of writing art, as well as the famous little white star (symbolizing the snowy peak in Europe-Mont Blanc).

Snow on the top has become a symbol of top quality.

The Meisterstuck pen introduced by Montblanc 1924 became the representative work of the company, and its elegant shape surpassed the times.

Light years have eternal value. Montblanc's products, whether writing supplies, leather goods, glasses or jewelry, are clear at a glance.

Attracted by their unique sense of value, their consistent belief is to use traditional skills to make daily use with permanent value.

Products, the pursuit of high quality, better than high technology.

Third place: Val Eversharp

Since its establishment, it has experienced many vicissitudes. Will Yongfeng's experience of coming back from the dead is almost the same as his horizon series pens.

Fame. Now, it once again landed in Paris, France with its glory, attracting the attention of the world again.

Weil Yongfeng was formed by the merger of Yongfeng Pencil Company and Varadin Machine Company during the period of1912-1917.

Its first miracle happened in 1929, and they launched a personal gold seal series with sharp ink.

Pens are popular because they have threaded pens and can be easily replaced. Will's net sales for that year.

It soared to $5,697,938, more than 25% higher than the huge Parker Company.

But then the company began to decline. Until 1940, they made Will's best-selling skyline.

Pen, just stopped the pace of decline. But it didn't last long. Due to the rough technology, the ballpoint pen produced by Will Yongfeng is in 1947.

Thousands of people were returned. In this way, the company was silent again.

After wasting several years, Emmanuel Caltagirone joined the company on 1995. He

Decided to reshape the image of Horizon series pens, because its distinctive shape can often arouse strong brand awareness when collecting.

So Yongfeng will make a comeback. At present, the company is going all out to occupy the pen market in the next century.

A place.

Fourth place: wortmann.

Wolman used to be an insurance broker in new york. It is said that once his ink leaked and accidentally stained an important contract.

Yes; When he drafted the new contract, his competitors had already taken the business away. In order not to make the same mistake again.

Using knives, saws and files as tools, he made his first pen on the dining table-using capillary straws and

Separate the water outlet from the air inlet pipeline to control the water outlet; Wortmann filed patent applications for this invention in 1883 and 1884.

Patented on February 12, 2008.

Wortmann pen has changed the evaluation standard of pens in the market. Besides practicality and comfort, it has also increased artistic value. Such as "CF"

The rope pattern on the pen, the close combination of the pen tip and the pen holder, and the two branches on the pen holder have all been re-labeled as industrial steel.

A milestone in pen design. Wolman uses various materials to make his historical works. At the end of 19, stream

Metal wires of different colors covered with self-hardening rubber. Since 1924, plastics have gradually replaced the early hard rubber era, and 1929 has passed.

Terman introduced the first plastic pen.

Fifth place: Cartier

Cartier, a famous brand praised by King Edward VII of England as "the jeweler of the emperor and the emperor among jewelers", was sold at 150.

Over the years, I have created many dazzling and wonderful works. These works are not only masterpieces of jewelry and watches, but also

But also has a high artistic value, worth appreciating and pondering, and is often legendary because it once belonged to a celebrity.

Color.

From the huge necklace ordered by the Indian prince, to the tiger-shaped glasses that once walked with the Duchess of Windsor, and then to the great scholar Cocqueteaux.

Full of symbols, the French Academy wears swords, and Cartier tells one legendary story after another.

Nowadays, Cartier's art field is expanding, and its products include leather goods, perfumes and words besides ornaments and clocks.

Tools, scarves, glasses, lighters, their classic status stands firm.

Sixth place: Schaefer

As one of the oldest ink pen companies, Xifeili has a proud tradition. But it is not a traditional name.

Wait and see, but tradition and innovation go hand in hand.

Walter Sfeili (Walter? Answer? Sheaffer) worked in partnership with his father before 19 13 founded Xifeili Company.

At that time, his jewelry store was already selling ink pens. At that time, ink pens could only be filled through small bottles with dripping holes.

Mo Feili invented an ink pen with an ink absorption device, which was still an industrial standard until the 1960s.

In 1908, his self-filling ink pen with a pressure bar obtained an original patent, and in 19 12 years, it was modified and invested ambitiously.

To the fierce competition with 58 American counterparts. After that, his keen business mind and innovative spirit played a dual role.

Now, Xifeili's business is booming, and it has gradually stepped into the list of world famous pens.

In the 1920s, Xifeili introduced a life-long warranty nib and colored cellophane ink pen, which became the best-selling pens in the United States at that time.

In 1930s, Xifeili Company improved the ink pen, and developed a feathery bidirectional nib and piston ink filling device.

Set up a visual ink supply device. In the 1940 s, rhinoceros flying pens used a light pressure ink filling device, just press the piston.

The purpose of emptying, cleaning and filling ink is achieved.

In 1950s, Xifei Lida reached its most brilliant period, and its "clean" ink absorption device meant that it was unnecessary to dip the pen tip when absorbing ink.

Entering the ink has brought great success to Xifeili. Xifeili company attaches great importance to after-sales service, and they have a set of

Flexible customer service department, customers can request customized pens of various colors and styles, all of which make Xifeili ink pens.

Very popular.

Seventh place: ideal

This brand is one of the oldest famous pens in the world. It has a history of 100 years. Americans made it at the beginning of last century.

Appreciated by the world, it has a glorious history and was sold to China as early as the 1920s. Later, this brand was

The Warman family in France took over this business, but in the past twenty years, due to its marketing reasons, it was once silent until 1986.

It was after 1996 that Gillette bought the pen factory in wortmann that the Earth brand regained its former charm.

The biggest feature of this brand is French design and bright colors. Its price is divided into high price and low price.

Among expensive pens, its nib is the best, 18K gold, and writing is extremely smooth. This brand has a pair of pens on its head.

The earth pattern is designed to commemorate the 1900 Paris World Expo, so collectors in China often call it the earth.

Cards.

Eighth place: Aurora

Aurora is the leading pen-making company in Italy, founded in Turin after World War I, 19 19. The company was named Aurora.

It is intended to express the yearning for a better future, which has also become a new beginning in the history of Italian writing (Aurora is in Italy

Meaning dawn). The limited edition aurora pen is produced as real handmade jewelry.

Until today, the brand still insists on hand-made by skilled craftsmen, supplemented by high technology and the most sophisticated materials.

Through continuous cooperation with internationally renowned designers, Aurora Pen can always be at the forefront of fashion trends. A book made by Aurora.

Pen-lifting reflects the values it wants to express-knowing the great influence of thought, beauty and culture on people and sparing no time for it.

Energy.

Ninth place: Cross

A.T.Cross is the oldest manufacturer of exquisite writing tools in the United States. 65438+early 1940s, established.

In new york or Providence, Rhode Island. The exact date can't be verified, but can only be inferred from the words "Zi 1846" on the brand.

A company named Allonzot Townshencross (1846- 1822) was born. However, here it is.

Before, Alonso's father Richard? Richard Krause, Uncle Benjamin? Benjamin cross

And his stepfather, Edward.w.Bradbury, have been engaged in writing tools and jewelry and jade crafts.

Production of products.

The Gauss family comes from the north of Birmingham, England. John Cross (177 1- 1835) was in the period of industrial revolution.

One of the earliest brokers and dock owners. How did his sons get involved in jewelry making and move to new york?

It is no longer available.

Richard Goldsmith got married in new york on 1844, but he soon returned to England, perhaps in search of a skilled craftsman.

And brought it back to Boston on 1847. At that time, he used gold and silver to make ink pen boxes and pencil boxes. 1850, he was in Ma.

Attle Tirba from Massachusetts founded a large company with 12 employees at that time.

Company. After the massive financial panic of 1857, he moved his studio to Bora Bro near Providence, Rhode Island.

(Broadbury).

At the end of the American Civil War, the company tripled in size. A.T. Gao Shi followed his father when he was young and was in the group of 187 1.

Become a partnership company. A.T. Gao Shi summed up his career achievements in his later years and obtained 25 personal patents for writing tools.

Among them, there are 5 ink pens, 9 pointed fountain pens, 3 ink pens and pointed fountain pens, and 6 pencils and nibs.

Clip 1, glass window 1.

During the period of 65438+70s, Gao Shi had two great achievements. He and steelman? Steelman Saunders

Co-developed the steam engine, which Gauss applied to his workshop and the production of writing tools. To 1896,

He installed a suitcase around the steam engine and built and drove the first car in Providence.

But it is generally believed that the pointed fountain pen is the greatest achievement of Gao Shi. It revolutionized ink pen and communication art.

Pointed pen is the first writing tool that can write in ink and make multiple copies at the same time. The sharp pen passes through a

The solid needle guides the ink to the paper, and the shaft in the needle replaces the traditional pen tip as the writing point. Therefore, writers

You can write hard on carbon paper. Before this invention, carbon paper could only be written in pencil, because the traditional nib was too

Soft and easy to deform, it is difficult to bear the necessary pressure. The pointed pen is such an important invention that the US Postal Service

It was announced almost immediately that the pen must be used.

The company has been making ink pens for most of its development history, but this is little known today. from

From 188 1 to the 1920s, there was a time when A.T. Goldstein sold his company to its salesman, Walter Russell Boss Sr.

(WaterRussell Boss Sr) A.T. Goldstein has always maintained family shares. Today, with Bradford R. Bos (Bradford

R.Boss) and Russell A. Boss (Bradford A. Boss) are the chairman and chairman of the company respectively.

The most famous Gao's ink pen was made in the 1930s. This beautiful pen is made of gold-plated or chrome-plated metal and decorated with black enamel tape. The production seems to be small, probably because Goldstein went bankrupt at that time.

Le Boeuf received a batch of machines to pay off his debts. When this pen became popular, it was called Gao's pencil pairing.

Products (not ink pens). The production of this pen stopped around 1940 and didn't resume until 1982. Since the resumption of production,

Its classical decorative art modeling has become the pillar of Gao's ink pen, bringing a modern interpretation to itself.

Ink pens are put into production again after 40 years. In the meantime, people think that the ink pen may be a ballpoint pen, a soft-pointed pen or

The ball-walking pen was replaced by Gao Shi, who achieved great success in these pens. At first, they just introduced copied ink pens.

Mouth market. The pen tip is made of ruthenium, and it will take some time to conform to the pen pal's gesture.

The manufacture of high-quality writing tools combines machine operation and manual operation. None of the pens are completely handmade, so they don't.

Some people are eager to make handmade products, which have dragged down the development of many small and medium-sized companies in Europe. Gao Shi ink pen has a metal shell.

Generally, it is a copper shell, decorated with precious metals and European paint, or a titanium surface layer treated by steam precipitation inside the object. Current Gao Shigong

The department has also introduced many products, such as glasses and key chains. For everyone to choose from.

Tenth place: Monte Grappa

Montegrappa is the oldest writing tool brand in Italy, which was founded in 19 12. Montgraba for many years

Writing tools as exquisite as works of art are famous people such as writer Hemingway, Cuban President Castro and Spain.

King Juan Carlos and racing driver Shumiga. And the limited series of brands is the essence.

Historical events, international events, legends or praises to culture and nature are the themes, and there is a movement behind each small pen.

Character stories.

Montegrappa, a famous brand founded in 19 12, is the oldest writing tool manufacturer in Italy.

Montegrappa's exquisite writing products are sold in 60 countries and regions around the world, and are famous for their precious and exquisite workmanship. Go through many times

With the refinement of the times, Montegrappa constantly surpasses the times and creates excellent writing products with aesthetic taste with outstanding creativity. each

Every product is a pen crafted by skilled craftsmen. It's not so much a writing tool as it is.

It is more like a provocative and desirable work of art.

Over the years, Montegraba pens have won the favor of royalty, presidents, famous writers and even Hollywood movie stars, including

Including Cuban President Castro, Spanish King Juan Carlos I, famous writer Hemingway and international superstar Stallone.

Another secret weapon of Montegrappa is the high-quality travel pencil case that pen pals are eager for. The fineness of the pencil case leather,

Hand-sewn design features, as well as zipper lock outside the box, genuine leather inside the box and special flannel to prevent oxidation of pure silver.

Care, under the different choices of ivory white, Ferrari red and dark brown, shows the Italian descent of Montegrappa.

High style, high quality.