(1) Basketball is a game played by hands, and the ball is round;
② Walking or running with the ball in hand is not allowed;
(3) Athletes can go anywhere on the field as long as it does not affect or hinder other athletes;
④ Physical contact between athletes is not allowed;
⑤ The hoop should be horizontal.
According to these five basic principles, Mr. naismith made the most primitive rules of basketball match. There are 13 original basketball competition rules. The basic content of article 13 is:
1. Players can throw the ball in any direction with one hand or both hands.
2. Players can catch the ball in any direction with one hand or both hands, but they must never hit the ball with their fists.
Players can't take the ball away.
You must hold the ball with your hand, but you are not allowed to kick the ball with your head and feet.
5. Players are not allowed to use shoulder bump, hand pull, hand push, hand bump, foot trip and other methods to deal with opposing players. Any player who violates this rule is regarded as the first foul and will be forced to stop playing until he hits the target. If you intentionally hurt the opposing player, you will be disqualified from participating in the whole game and will not be allowed to substitute.
6. It is against rules 3 and 4 to hit the ball with fists.
7. If either side fouls three times in a row, it is counted as the other side's goal. Continuous foul refers to: during a period of time, the opposing team members did not foul, while their own team members fouled continuously.
8. If the defender doesn't touch or interfere with the ball, when the ball is thrown into the basket and stays in it, it is considered a basket. If the ball stops at the basket and the other team touches the basket, it is also a fortune teller.
9. When the ball is out of bounds, the ball will be thrown into the field by the first person who touches it. If there is an argument, the referee will throw the ball into the field. Throw a foul ball for five seconds. After more than 5 seconds, the ball was awarded to the opponent.
10. The referee is the referee of the player, and he has the right to call a foul. When a team fouls three times in a row, he will notify the assistant referee. He has the right to declare an athlete disqualified.
1 1. The assistant referee is the referee of this ball. He can decide the time of the ball in the game, he should count the time, decide the stroke of the ball, record the number of strokes of the ball, and bear the responsibility that the referee should bear at ordinary times.
12. The game will be played in two 15 minutes with a 5-minute break.
13. The team that hits the ball the most wins. If there is a draw, with the consent of both captains, the game can be postponed until another goal is scored.
Although the original 13 basketball competition rules are not systematic and complete, and some terms are not clear enough, they have played a great role in promoting the development of basketball in the early stage. In particular, basketball has developed into a modern basketball sport today, and the technical and tactical level is getting higher and higher, so the rules are even more important. It requires strict, scientific and systematic management of basketball games.
The rules have developed from the initial 13 to the present 58, and the basketball skills and tactics have developed from the initial simple low level to the present high level, which is the result of their mutual restriction and promotion for many years. For example, the development of dribbling technology from the initial elbow joint as the axis to the current shoulder joint as the axis is precisely the result of the constant affirmation of the developing technology by the rules. Now the rules clearly point out that the symbol of the end of dribbling is the moment when both hands touch the ball or dribble with the palm up, and the thumb exceeds the vertical plane to end the dribbling. Always in your hand.
Down, the thumb does not exceed the vertical plane, and the ball can't stay in the hand. Therefore, the modern technology of arm dribbling with shoulder joint as the axis and one-handed back-pulling and back-turning dribbling has been affirmed in legal form. Another example: the development of shooting techniques, from the initial in-situ two-handed chest shooting to top-down dunk, one-handed or two-handed basketball and other superb techniques, the rules clearly stipulate that all players are shooting. Therefore, modern technologies such as dunk and makeup have developed rapidly. In recent years, there have been many techniques in the competition, such as back jump shot, back jump shot and hook jump shot, which are also determined by the basic principles of dealing with physical contact and foul, such as vertical plane principle and flying man principle. When dealing with fouls, the guiding ideology of offensive and defensive balance is particularly emphasized, forcing and promoting shooters to adopt various forms of jump shot techniques, get rid of defense and avoid hitting people because of fouls, so as to achieve the goal of scoring and promote the continuous development of defensive tactics.
Under normal circumstances, FIBA will revise and supplement the rules every four years, with the purpose of promoting the further development of basketball skills and tactics, limiting rude movements and making the game develop in a civilized, clean, intense and hard-working direction.