There are many kinds of corals, only red corals are gem-grade corals.

Red coral symbolizes calmness, wisdom, peace and good luck.

In modern times, red coral is the birthday stone in March and the 35th wedding anniversary.

Red coral is the court decoration of past dynasties. Coral trees, bonsai, concubines and princes are crowned.

Red coral and pearls are one of the seven treasures of Buddhism.

Red coral was recorded in China at the beginning of AD.

"When pearls meet jade, it is difficult to find wood among corals" (Cao Zhi 192 ~ 232)

[Edit this paragraph] What is red coral?

Coral grows in the sea, like branches and flowers. For a long time, it has been mistaken for a marine plant. It was not until the 1920s that coral was not a plant, but a coelenterate-calcium carbonate skeleton secreted by marine corals. Coral has many kinds and qualities. Red coral belongs to eight-shot coral.

[Edit this paragraph] The bones and software of red coral.

The skeleton of red coral is a dendritic complex. In the center of each branch, there is a horny bone axis, a soft body surrounds the bone axis, and many corals grow around the axis. The soft tissue of red coral consists of mesoderm and two layers of cells: endoderm and ectoderm. Red coral secretes skeleton-red coral through ectoderm.

[Edit this paragraph] The growing environment of red coral

It grows in the equator and its adjacent tropical and subtropical areas, with a temperature higher than 20℃ and a water depth of 100-200m, in calm and clear rocks, platforms, slopes, cliffs and crevices. Mainly produced in the Mediterranean.

[Edit this paragraph] Characteristics of Red Coral

Material composition of 1: It consists of inorganic and organic parts.

Inorganic substances: high magnesium calcite, a small amount of apatite, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, a small amount of water, ferrous oxide, calcium hydroxyphosphate.

Organic matter: mainly keratin.

Structural features: wavy parallel fiber structure

Along the longitudinal direction of coral branches, there are different shades of color or transparency, forming a continuous wavy parallel fiber structure. The cross section is concentric, like tree rings. There are many round pits on the branches, which are places where corals nest.

3 Physical and chemical properties

The colors are crimson, fiery red and pink. Dendritic. The bones are dense and tough. Hm = 3.5-4, opaque-translucent. The raw materials are dark in color, waxy in luster after polishing, and resistant to acid, organic solvents and volatile gases.

[Edit this paragraph] Variety Show

Willow coral is a close relative of red coral and also belongs to octopus coral. The soft body and structure are basically the same as those of red coral, and there are also horny bones. There are various colors, such as crimson, ochre, pink, pink, orange, milky yellow, milky white and so on. It lives on the seabed with a water depth of 100-300m, even 1500m. Some of them can reach 4000 meters deep and are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical shallow seas all over the world. Found in Japanese waters, Philippine waters and South China Sea of China.

At present, it has been recognized as red coral in the industry.

Black coral: It is a special kind of willow coral. Brown-black, composed of chitin, extremely tough, small hardness, hm = 3, waxy luster. There is a contracted tree structure in the cross section. Can be used as pipes, handles, decorations, torus, etc. Black coral can be bleached to golden yellow, posing as natural golden coral. Found in central Red Sea, Australia and South China Sea of China.

[Edit this paragraph] Evaluation basis

Color, blockiness, transparency, luster.

[Edit this paragraph] Purpose

Used for jewelry and decoration.

Medicinal: it has the effect of calming the nerves and improving eyesight. As a drug for epilepsy and keratitis. Modern western medicine is used to set bones and treat ulcers.

Coral conservation

First, please avoid heavy blows and collisions, so as not to damage the gem;

Second, please avoid contact with chemicals, acids, alkaline liquids and perfumes;

Third, please wipe it with a soft cloth after each use and keep it properly;

Fourth, please soak in water and rub oil often to keep it "bright and bright" again and again;

5. Please always wear coral jewelry to make it harmonious with human spirituality;

6. Please prepare a certain number of coral ornaments according to the season to ensure the effect of "as bright as new";

7. Red coral necklaces, bracelets and pendants without inlay are the best holy products for promoting blood circulation and health care.

[Edit this paragraph] Protecting coral resources

① Change the fishing method.

(2) In a planned and step-by-step way, it is forbidden to collect during spawning.

(3) The whole world should have * * * to jointly protect the coral ecological environment and coral resources.

[Edit this paragraph] Forgery and identification

What needs to be distinguished are dyed marble, pink glass, gilson synthetic coral, and red snail ball.

It differs from red coral in its unique structure.

It belongs to the phylum Coelenterata, Polypodia, Polypodiaceae and Coral.

Habitat in the sea area of 200 ~ 2000 meters. Feeding on plankton and reproducing asexually. Coral is tree-shaped, one inch longer than 20 years, and one kilogram longer than 300 years. It is solid in texture and bright red in color.

Red coral, amber and pearl are collectively called organic gems. In China, coral is a symbol of good luck and is used to make precious handicrafts. Emperors of the Qing Dynasty often wore beads made of red coral in Asahi ceremonies. Coral also has the functions of beauty beauty, promoting blood circulation and improving eyesight, and is a precious traditional Chinese medicine. Found in Taiwan Province Strait and South China Sea. It belongs to the national first-class protected animals.

Red coral, also known as precious coral, has dense bones, hardness similar to ivory, and colors such as red, pink and orange. It is suitable for processing into gorgeous jewelry or high-grade works of art and is deeply loved by people all over the world.

[Edit this paragraph] Global distribution map of red coral

Global distribution map of red coral

[Edit this paragraph] The cultural significance of red coral

Red coral culture has a long history in China, as well as in the traditional cultures of India and Indian nations, especially among the indigenous peoples of India and the Tibetan people in China, who even regard red coral as a sustenance to protect and pray for "God bless". According to historical records, the utilization of red coral by human beings can be traced back to ancient Rome. The ancient Romans believed that coral had the functions of preventing disasters, giving people wisdom, stopping bleeding and driving away heat. Some navigators believe that wearing red coral can prevent lightning and hurricanes, make it calm and have a safe journey! So the Romans called it "red gold", which cast a mysterious color on the red coral. Modern westerners list coral, pearl and amber as three organic gems, which is one of the "March Birthday Stones" in the West.

[Edit this paragraph] The movie of the same name

Director: Wang

Screenwriters: Dan Wen, Lin and Zhong.

Starring: Xiaojun, Zhou Zutong, Wang Yun, Cui Changchun and Ling Aiban.

Photography y: Zhang

Assistant Director/Assistant Director: Mu Kuijing, Mu Kuijing

Release: 196 1

Film genre: song and dance

Country/Region: China

White language: Mandarin Chinese.

Color: black and white

Production Company: Bayi Film Studio [China]

abstract

Based on the opera of the same name. 1950, the China People's Liberation Army liberated the coastal islands of China in the autumn wind. In order to maintain the rule of fishermen on the coral island, the seventh grandmother of fishermen closed the island and banned fishermen from fishing at sea, and forced Sister Shan to rent a car to Niutouao to ask the Kuomintang to send troops to the coral island. Because her father was seriously ill, Shan Mei, the fisherman's daughter, had to endure humiliation and tears in order to get a dose of soup, and was forced to rent a house on the pretence. Seven grandma sent insurance director Sun Fugui to take Shan Mei to Niutouao in the starry night and sail at sea. Shan Mei recalled her miserable life and thought that the grievances of fishermen had not been reported. She was unwilling to be humiliated, so she jumped into the sea and fled to Gulang Port. Sun Fugui shot after him. Sister Shan fled to Gulanggang and happened to meet her fiance Qing who escaped from prison. It turned out that A Qing became a PLA officer. In order not to miss the military situation, A Qing's sister Tuoshan accompanied the injured reconnaissance staff Wang Yonggang back to Coral Island to perform a mission and swam back to Dalongshan to deliver information. Counselor Wang thinks Sister Shan has just escaped from the den and can't go back to it. Sister Shan said that she was desperate to survive and decided to go to Longshan just to find the PLA to join the revolutionary ranks. As long as fishermen can see the light of day, they will never be afraid of knives, mountains or the sea. After sister Wang Suishan went to Coral Island, she made suggestions for fishermen, asked them to borrow grain to open the island for fishing, and successfully organized fishermen to fight against hegemony. Just as the matter of borrowing grain made Grandma Qi fidgety, an adjutant Ma came to Niutouao. When he heard about it, he told his seventh grandmother that he would pretend to promise and prepare to take the opportunity to rob the young fishermen of the whole island to Niutou' ao. At this time, Wang's men and fishermen seized the confession and exposed the enemy's plot. Sister Shan's father, Mr Xu, got a sea permit in Sun Fugui and went to Dalongshan to deliver letters to the PLA. In order to prevent the enemy from forcing the fishermen to board the boat and leave the island, Wang's staff took the fishermen to the back hill of Longwang Temple to hide. This was designed by Adjutant Ma and Grandma Qi, in order to make Sister Shan and the Watchmen escape under false pretenses. Adjutant Ma led the remnants of Chiang Kai-shek to follow them to the Longwang Temple and found the fishermen. For the safety of fishermen, Wang's staff used their own guns to lure the enemy to chase them so that the fishermen could move safely. Unexpectedly, a red light at Longwang Temple was discovered by the enemy, and the fishermen who raised the red light were also injured by the enemy. At this point, the signal that the PLA is ready to land has risen. At this critical moment, Sister Shan went straight to the top of the mountain to raise the red light regardless of her life. The people's liberation army landed successfully, and with the cooperation of fishermen, it caught seven grandmothers and adjutant Ma. Sister Shan and Ah Qing were reunited, and Coral Island was liberated.