1 study hard
It was difficult to borrow and copy books when I was a child; It is difficult for adults to ask questions from teachers; The difficulty of trudging from teacher to teacher; Poor food and clothing, simple life.
Write about the hardships of learning. The author chose a specific scene to describe it. "I dragged my feet and walked in the mountains and valleys." "Drag", carrying a book box and dragging shoes, shows poverty; "Deep Mountain Canyon" means that the road is dangerous. Poor winter, strong wind and heavy snow focus on the characteristics of season, environment and climate respectively.
"I wonder if my skin is chapped" and "my limbs are stiff and I can't move", which sets off the cold weather and the bitterness of walking. This is a writing line. At the same time, I wrote about food, clothing, housing and transportation, living in a hostel, wearing shabby cotton robes, eating only two meals a day, and having no fresh fish and meat to enjoy. All this shows a "bitter" word.
Step 2 read widely
The words "go" and "skip" of "go and send it, but don't dare to exceed the appointment slightly" are worth noting. "Walking" means running, and here it means "hurry up". "Send it away", borrow it in person, send it in person, and send it quickly. The word "slightly" emphasizes that he will stick to his promise and never delay, even if it is very difficult.
Because of this, people are willing to lend him books, and it is possible for him to "read all the books". From "can't read a book" to "read a group of books".
Step 3 ask for advice with an open mind
Writing about asking the teacher at ordinary times, "standing around" and "bending over" vividly shows his pious and respectful attitude. The third point is to ask for advice when the teacher is angry. "The more respectful and polite you are, the more you dare not say a word." His attitude is so modest that he dare not speak out.
The word "Yu" here is quite vivid. "As soon as the teacher is happy, please ask again." As soon as the teacher is happy, he will continue to ask for advice. This layer is difficult to write.
Extended data:
Preface to seeing Ma Sheng off to Yang (excerpt) Ming Dynasty: Song Lian
When I was looking for my master, I was walking in the mountains of Otani with my book box on my back and Tara shoes on. In winter, the wind was cold and the snow was several feet deep, and my feet and skin were frozen and cracked. After entering the room, my limbs were stiff and I couldn't move. The servant gave me hot water and covered me with a quilt. It took a long time to warm up. Stay in a hotel and eat two meals a day, without fresh fat and delicious enjoyment.
All the students are all embroidered, wearing hats decorated with treasures, white jade rings on their waists, swords on their left and smelly faces on their right. In the meantime, I have no desire for beauty. I don't know if my mouth and body are not as good as people. My efforts and efforts are probably like this.
Explanation:
Go out for advice, carry a book box, drag shoes, and walk in the deep mountains and valleys. In the middle of winter, the cold wind was fierce and the snow was several feet deep, but the skin on my feet was frozen and cracked unconsciously. Back to the hotel, my limbs were stiff and I couldn't move. The servant washed (me) with hot water and wrapped me in a quilt, which kept me warm for a long time.
I live in a guest house, and the innkeeper provides two meals a day, and there is nothing fresh and fat to enjoy. The other students who live with me are wearing gorgeous clothes, hats decorated with red headbands and jewels, rings made of white jade hanging around their waist, treasure knives hanging on the left and sachets hanging on the right, which look like immortals. I live with them in rags, but I'm not jealous.
Because there are enough happy things in my heart, I don't feel that the enjoyment of food and clothing is not as good as others. I just study hard!
Creative background:
In the 11th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1378), Song Lian retired from his hometown Pujiang (Pujiang County, Zhejiang Province) to Yingtian (now Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province) in the second year. A junior fellow-townsman, Ma Jun, came to visit. Song Lian wrote this preface to introduce his learning experience and attitude, so as to encourage others to be diligent and eager to learn.
Revelation:
1, the road to study is difficult and bumpy. Only if you are not afraid of difficulties, have the courage to explore, have perseverance and perseverance can you succeed in your studies. Diligent study is the foundation of success. The key to learning success lies in whether you work hard subjectively, which has little to do with the objective study and living conditions.
In learning, we should have the thoughts and feelings of taking pleasure in suffering and enjoying pleasure, and at the same time, we should cherish our existing superior learning environment and conditions and study hard.
Teachers should be respected. You should respect and be modest in front of the teacher.
We should learn from Song Lian's diligence, modesty and sincerity, and respect the quality of teachers.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Preface to Dongyang Ma Sheng