In the seventh year of Taihe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (367), a midsummer night was full of stars and the moonlight was like water. Fu Huan Wen's wife, Ma Shi, was enjoying the cool air with several middle-aged women when she suddenly saw a meteor falling from the sky and falling into the copper basin, like a two-inch fireball, glittering and translucent and lovely. Everyone scrambled to scoop with a ladle, and the horse got it first, swallowed it in one gulp, and felt pregnant. One day in the second spring, Ma Shi's room was suddenly lit up by different lights. At this time, Ma Shi gave birth to a boy whose nickname is Lingbao.

This fairy tale is of course fabricated by feudal literati. But Huan Wen's nickname Lingbao is true. His name is Huan Xuan. Because he usurped the throne and became emperor for a while, he ran amok after taking office, so he left a bad reputation in history.

Xiao Xiaonan Simon

When Huan Xuan was five years old, an unexpected opportunity made him inherit the title of Huan Wen. It was July of the first year of Corning (373), and Huan Wen was critically ill. Because his eldest son Huan was too incompetent, he decided to hand over his department to his most capable fifth brother Huan Chong. The fourth brother Huan Mi was very dissatisfied with this, so he secretly murdered Huan Chong with Huan Wen's eldest son Huan Xi and his second son Huan Ji. When Huan Chong learned this, he made preparations in secret. After Huan Wen's death, he arrested Xi Ji first, then abolished Huan Mi, moved Xi Ji to Changsha, the so-called Huan Wen's will, and his youngest son Huan Xuan inherited the title. As a result, Huan Xuan, who was only five years old, became the Duke of South County.

Xiao Nan Gong Jun has extraordinary wisdom. When Huan Wen's three-year mourning period expired, officials from Fuzhou came to bid farewell. Huan Chong stroked Huan Xuan's head and said with emotion, "These are your old officials!" Seven-year-old Huan Xuan burst into tears and looked very sad, which made all the officials marvel at his cleverness.

Huan Xuan was deeply loved by his uncle Huan Chong, and had a very happy childhood and adolescence. 15 years old, Huan Chong died of illness. Before he died, he wrote a letter to Xie An without saying anything personal, except: "Lingbao is still young, my dead brother can't hold on, I hate it!" " It serves to show his deep concern for Huan Xuan.

Feel depressed and neglected.

Young Huan Xuan looks strange, handsome, knowledgeable and good at writing. He is often conceited because of his noble talents, which makes people afraid of him. The court intended to suppress his father, Huan Wen, because he had shown signs of disloyalty. So Huan Xuan didn't become a very unpopular official until he was 23.

On one occasion, Huan Xuan went to the residence of Sima Daozi, the evil king of Lang, and met Daozi drunk. He asked in front of many guests, "Why did Huan Wen become a thief in his later years?" Huan Xuan fell to the ground sweating and flustered. From then on, I hated Daozi and gnashed my teeth.

Later, although he filled the vacancy, he went out to Beijing to be the magistrate of Yixing, and he was still unhappy. He once climbed high and looked at the mighty Taihu Lake in front of him. He recalled how prominent his father Huan Wen was in those days, and the filial piety of Emperor Wu succeeded to the throne, not only because of the power of Huan's ancestors, but also because of this. Now he is vilified and rejected by the world. Huan Xuan was deeply moved and said with a sigh, "My father is an uncle in Kyushu and my son is the head of the five lakes!" So he decided to resign and return to Nanjun to seal the country, and explained the merits of the ancestors of the Huan family, asking Emperor Xiaowu to "pursue the old glory and show a little kindness." However, after the fight, it was like sinking into the sea, and there was no answer.

Huan Xuan returned to Jiangling and stayed at home. This is where the Huan family lived for generations. So Huan Xuan runs amok and does whatever he wants. The local gentry were more afraid of Huan Xuan than Yin Zhong. Even Yin Zhongkan himself has to concede three points to Huan Xuan.

On one occasion, Huan Xuan rode a horse in front of the office hall in Yin Zhongkan, holding an eight-spear, and made a gesture of stabbing. When Zhong Kan joined the army, Liu Mai saw that Huan Xuan had gone too far and said something to him, which made Huan Xuan very unhappy. Yin Zhong missed before, unexpectedly scared face was white. After Huan Xuan left, Zhong Kan quickly said to Liu Mai, "Are you crazy? If Huan Xuan sends someone to kill you at night, I can't save you! " And let Liu Mai immediately leave for Jiankang to avoid for a period of time. Later, Huan Xuan really sent someone to kill Liu Mai. Fortunately, Liu Mai ran fast and didn't get caught.

Gradually dominate Jing

A brewing political upheaval in the Eastern Jin Dynasty is coming. Sima Daozi, who monopolized the military and political power in the DPRK, took Wang Guobao, an aristocratic man in Taiyuan, as his cronies, and rejected Wang Gong, the secretariat of Nan Yanzhou, and Yin Zhong, the secretariat of Jingzhou, which eventually triggered an armed conflict within the ruling class. On the one hand, it is based in Jingzhou in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and on the other hand, it is based in Yangzhou in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Historically, it was called the Jingyang dispute.

In April of the first year of Longan (397), Wang Gong sent someone to contact Yin Zhongkan to oppose Sima Daozi in the name of seeking Wang Guobao. Huan Xuan hoped that there would be chaos in the world, so he urged Yin Zhong to join Wang Gong in sending troops. So, Wang Gong listed Wang Guobao's crimes on the table and asked for troops to be dispatched. Sima Daozi had no choice but to kill him and make Wang and Yin withdraw. Huan Xuan asked to be the secretariat of Guangzhou. Daozi was afraid that he would make trouble in Jingzhou, so he took a scholar and asked him to be the secretariat of Guangzhou. Huan Xuan accepted the appointment, but he did not leave Jingzhou.

In July of the second year of Longan, Wang Gong once again set out in the name of crusade against Wang Yu and Sima Shang. Yin Zhongkan also appointed Yang Bi as the striker, followed by Huan Xuan, who led the army behind the house and headed east one after another. In August, Huan Xuan and Yang Bi captured Wang Yu in Gansu. In September, Sima Yuan Xian's soldiers were broken in Baishi again. Unexpectedly, Wang Gong's Ministry Liu Laozhi only used Wang Gong, but did not promote him. Although he has made many military achievements over the years, he is still a small composer. He bears a grudge for this, Yuan Xian took the opportunity to turn against him, led the troops to mutiny, and Wang Gong was killed. Sima Daozi also used Huan Xiu's strategy to appoint Huan Xuan as Jiangzhou secretariat, Yang Bi as Yongzhou secretariat and Huan as Jingzhou secretariat, and moved Yin Zhong to Guangzhou secretariat, thus dividing Jingzhou forces. At this point, Yin Zhongkan lost his job and needed Huan Xuan's help, while Huan Xuan and others didn't have any soldiers, and they also needed the help of similar soldiers. Although they are suspicious of each other, they have to unite to survive. So, in October of this year, the three men formed an alliance to find Yang, elected Huan Xuan as the leader, and refused to accept the court's order, wrote to Wang Gong, asking for permission, Sima Shangzhi and so on. And restore the original Jingzhou secretariat Yin Zhong Kan's post. SiMaDaoZi had to let Yin Zhong back to his original position, in order to be temporarily eased the contradiction.

The contradiction between Jingyang and Yangzhou eased slightly, and the internal forces in Jingzhou began to merge again. Since Huan Xuan became the leader, he has become more domineering, especially when he changed Yang to Qi and crossed the river late. So Yang Gaiqi bears a grudge against Huan Xuan, secretly persuading Yin Zhong to kill Huan Xuan. Yin Zhongkan's brothers, who are afraid of Huan, are brave and tenacious, and always dissuade them. Huan Xuan learned of Yang Yi's planning and decided to swallow it all at once. In order to protect herself, Yin Zhongkan married Yang Bi in December of the third year of Longan. Huan Xuan was worried about being countered by Yin and Yang, so he asked to expand his territory. So the minister made Sima Yuan Xian intend to win over Huan Xuan, so he added Huan Xuan as the army of four counties in Jingzhou, and took Yang Guang, the younger brother of Xuanxiong Weihuan, as a captain of Na Man. At this time, there was a flood in Jingzhou, and the water depth of the flat was three feet. Huan Xuan took the opportunity to send troops to attack Jiangling, killed Yin Zhong Kan and Yang Gai, and annexed Jing and Yong. In the second year (400) in March, the court had to admit a fait accompli, taking Huan Xuan as the commander in chief of eight states of Jing, Si, Yong, Qin, Liang, Yi, Ning and Jiang, and the military headquarters of eight counties of Yang and Yu, and two states of Jing and Jiang as the secretariat. Wei Huan is the secretariat of Yongzhou, and Huan Zhen is the satrap of Huainan. As a result, Huan Xuan realized his ambition of dominating Jingzhou, and his influence spread eastward to Wuhu and Dangtu, which matched Jiankang.

Force Yuan Xian step by step.

Huan Xuan has controlled two-thirds of the territory of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and its ambition is even more inflated. His new goal is to eliminate Yuanxian and promote health.

Sima Yuan Xian always wanted to woo Huan Xuan to deal with Yin Zhongkan and Yang, only to find that Huan Xuan, after destroying the division of Yin and Yang, began to bully health, deeply worried. Counselor Zhang Fashun remonstrated, saying, "Huan Xuan is absent-minded when he first came to Jingzhou. If we take this opportunity to make Liu Laozhi the vanguard, Your Majesty can lead the army to move on and Huan Xuan can be destroyed. " Yuan Xian thought it was reasonable, so he reorganized the water army, recruited soldiers and loaded ships, and prepared to crusade against Huan Xuan.

In the first month of the first year of Yuan Xing (402), Yuan Xian took Liu Laozhi as the pioneer and Sima Shangzhi as the rear, and led an army to the west to explore Huan Xuan. Huan Xuan thought that Yuan Xian was being burned by the Sun En Uprising, the grain transportation business trip was blocked, and the famine was serious, so he had no time to look west. Suddenly, he received a tip-off from the inside teacher, Shi, and felt very surprised. He intends to shrink his troops and defend Jiangling. Chang Shizhen? He said: "Ying Wei is far and near, and Yuan is wet behind the ears and unpopular. If you take this soldier to Feng Jingen, it will be a blessing and a curse. When the soil collapses, you can stand on tiptoe. Why stop the enemy from entering the customs and invite the poor! " Huan Xuan then acted according to the plan circulated in the above table, and mobilized troops to crusade for Yuan Xian. Yuan Xian's whole army was ready to go, and he himself got off the boat. Seeing Huan Xuan's campaign, he was too scared to give the order to start. In fact, Huan Xuan is as scared as he is. Ever since he set out from Jiangling to the east, he has been afraid of not winning and is ready to withdraw to the west. Until the ship passed by looking for Yang, there were still no imperial soldiers. Fang Zhiyuan is more timid than himself, and he is not happy. His courage is very strong, and the morale of the whole army has greatly increased.

In February, Huan Xuan captured Liyang, captured Sima Shangzhi, the secretariat of Yuzhou, and moved to Lizhou. Liu Laozhi joined the army, and Emperor Wu of Song demanded an attack, which was not allowed. At this point, Liu Laozhi is playing his own abacus. He always hated Yuan Xian, fearing that Huan Xuan would be destroyed and Yuan Xian would be more arrogant, and that the greater his fame, the less he would be tolerated by Yuan Xian. So I'm going to borrow Huan Xuan's hand to get rid of Yuan Xian, and then find a chance to destroy Huan Xuan. At the moment, he doesn't want to play with Huan Xuan. At the right moment, Huan Xuan sent imprisoned uncle Home to take care of his son Liu, nephew He Wuji and the opposition of Emperor Wu of Song who joined the army, and sent Liu Qu to see Huan Xuan in March to demand surrender. Although Huan Xuan was determined to destroy the prison, he still kept a straight face on the surface. Liu was treated at the banquet, and he was invited to enjoy his famous paintings together. He was also invited to join the army as his consultant, so close that Liu really didn't know. Liu Laozhi's surrender was thus successfully completed.

After solving the only Liu Laozhi who confronted Qiang Bing, Huan Xuan went straight to Xinting, and Yuan Xian quickly abandoned the ship and retreated to the palace. Huan Xuan ordered his men to raise their knives and shouted, "Drop your weapons!" Yuan Xian's team fled immediately, and Yuan Xian was captured alive. Huan Xuan swaggered into health. Andi reused the title of Long 'an, with Huan Xuan as the commander-in-chief, and Chinese and foreign military attaché s, prime ministers, ministers, Yangzhou herders, Xu, Jing, Jiang and other leaders made false reports. Huan Xuan monopolized power, killed Yuan Xian, Shang Zhi and others, and sent his son to Ancheng County. At this point, Huan Xuan's second ambition has also been realized.

Call the emperor urgently

As the saying goes, a rising tide lifts all boats. The higher the power position of Huan Xuan, the greater his ambition. The new goal is to usurp and claim the throne.

The only threat to realize this ambition is Liu Laozhi, who holds the soldiers of the northern government. Therefore, he must seize the military power of the prison. Therefore, prison is the internal history. Knowing that the disaster was coming, the prison army discussed countermeasures with his son Liu. Jingxuan advocated sending troops to attack Huan Xuan immediately. He hesitated and asked Emperor Wu of Song, "I'm going to go north to Guangling and join hands with Gao Yanei to discuss Huan Xuan. Would you like to go with me? " Emperor Wu of Song said: "At the beginning, the general took tens of thousands of soldiers and bowed to his knees. Now that Huan Xuan has just succeeded to the throne, the people are attached to him. How do you go to Guangling? I have to go back to Jingkou to be an ordinary person. " Knowing from prison that Emperor Wu of Song disapproved, he called his men to discuss. When he joined the army, Liu Xi stood up and said, "The last thing in the world is rebellion. The general opposed Wang Gong a few years ago and Yuan Xian some time ago. Now he wants to oppose Huan Gong. Can he still be a man in the world? " Say that finish, also don't back, strode out, and other officials assistant also dispersed. Seeing that my prison heart was gone, I was afraid and sent Jingxuan to meet my family in Jingkou. Jingxuan didn't come back when it was time to come back. He was convinced that the story was exposed. Jingxuan had been killed by Huan Xuan, so he led a group of people to the north and came to Xinzhou. There are fewer and fewer followers. Thinking about the sad days in the future, he found a rope, put it around his neck, kicked him and committed suicide.

After Huan Xuan was destroyed, he killed Zhu, Zhu Langzhi, Liu Attack and Sun Wuji. And promoted some later generals of Beifu soldiers, such as Emperor Wu of Song, as his minions, in order to make Beifu soldiers loyal to him. At this point, Huan Xuan felt that no one could do anything for him anymore and began to do whatever he wanted. When I first entered Jiankang, I did something to expel traitors and promote handsome men, which made Jiankang people full of hope and thought they could live a stable life. I didn't expect Huan Xuan to show his true colors when he gained a foothold. Luxury, impermanence, he doesn't care about Andy at all, and even skimps on Andy's food and horses, making Andy almost hungry and cold. Therefore, people in and out of the government soon became disappointed with Huan Xuan.

God seems to be fighting against Huan Xuan. There are natural disasters in the southeast. There was famine everywhere, and thousands of people starved to death. The number of registered permanent residence in Sanwu decreased by half, and that in Huiji decreased by 34/ 10. Linhai, Yongjia and other places have almost disappeared. Many rich people have to wear silks and satins, embrace treasures and starve to death behind closed doors.

The more unpopular Huan Xuan is, the more eager he is to usurp the throne and proclaim himself emperor. In August of the first year of Yuanxing (402), with the help of Pingyuan Xianxian, Emperor An was made Duke of Zhang Yu, and then the national seal was transferred to his son Huan Sheng. Pingyin and Yang Zhigong asked Emperor An to make him the Duke of Guiyang, and then transferred him to my nephew Huan Jun. In February of the second year of Yuan Xing, Huan Xuan was given the title of General. In order to gain the false name of pursuing reunification, he pretended to ask for the Northern Expedition, and then hinted that Andi would not allow it, saying, "The imperial edict will stop later." Just as he was pretending to prepare for the Northern Expedition, the first thing he prepared was to book a light and fast boat to load his antiques and paintings. Someone asked him why, and he said, "It's easy to retire if there is an accident." People laughed at his ugly behavior of trying to escape before starting his career.

In September, yes, Bian? Under other people's persuasion, Huan Xuan asked Andi to make himself the Prime Minister, with a total of 108, sealing ten counties as the King of Chu and adding nine tin. Chu placed officials under the prime minister. At this point, it is only one step away from being proclaimed emperor.

At this time, Emperor Wu of Song's war to suppress Sun En and Lu Xun's uprising has achieved initial victory. Lu Xun was forced to float from eastern Zhejiang to Hainan to Guangzhou, and the threat of the insurgents was temporarily lifted. Emperor Wu of song led the victorious army back to Jingkou, and his prestige and strength increased greatly. One day, Huan Qian asked Emperor Wu of Song privately: "The King of Chu was grand, and the court said that he would abdicate. What do you think? " Emperor Wu of song knew that he was here to take a breath, and deliberately said, "The King of Chu is a great scholar, and the Jin family is weak, and its popularity has changed early. Why not take advantage of the Zen generation! " Huan Qian regards Emperor Wu of Song as a contemporary hero, and he can also nod as a Zen generation. He said happily, "If you say yes, you can."

Huan Lian reports to Huan Xuan, and Huan Xuan is more courageous. In order to create public opinion, Qiantang Pinghu, which has always been blocked, suddenly opened itself, which is a symbol of world peace. It is also said that Jiangzhou has dripped dew for officials to celebrate. As Fu Rui, who is about to be ordered by heaven. Because there were hermits in the previous Zen generation, and he didn't, he found Huangfu Mi, the sixth grandson of Huangfu Mi, a hermit in the Western Jin Dynasty, gave him a sum of money, let him "hide" in the mountains, then called him A Lang, deliberately asked him to resign, and then sent him a letter calling him Gao Shi. At that time, people satirized him as a "hermit", meaning a pretended hermit. In order to carry out some new policies, they deliberately waste copper money, resume corporal punishment with grain and silk, and so on, and the results are often more chaotic. Huan Xuan's greedy nature is also more exposed. Seeing that others have good calligraphy and paintings and beautiful gardens, we must try our best to get them, including gambling. As for jewelry, the more the better, I can't put it down.

In November, Huan Xuan not only used the rites and music of the son of heaven, but also renamed his wife from princess to queen, and the prince to prince. Still flat? He drafted the imperial edict of Zen, and then forced Andi to copy it clearly. After everything was ready, Huan Xuan officially acceded to the throne in December and proclaimed himself emperor. The name of the founding country was Chu, and the Yuan Dynasty was permanently changed. Emperor Jin 'an sealed Pinggu King and moved to Xunyang.

There are dead ends everywhere.

When he became emperor, Huan Xuan's performance became increasingly unpopular. Like a preschool student, he personally tried the case and made a judgment, but he was released regardless of the seriousness of the crime. When I was traveling, I met people who stopped begging. I often gave some food and clothes to show the kindness of the new emperor. He was particularly hard on the officials who presided over the ceremony. If a word in the throne is found to be wrong in font or language, he will be punished to show the new emperor's cleverness. On one occasion, Shangshu made a mistake in writing a letter and wrote "Spring House" as "Spring Map". As a result, relevant officials from Zuo Cheng to Wang were demoted or dismissed. He often personally selected officials who entered the government and officials used by Shangshu Province, and the number of imperial edicts was overwhelming. Small things are so detailed, but big things are completely uncertain, and I don't know how to deal with them, which leads to many important memorials piled up on the table. He likes swimming and sometimes goes out several times a day. He also moved to the East Palace in an ingenious way. In order to repair the East Palace, he also built many buildings, and he was forced by the supervisor. His behavior caused complaints inside and outside the court, and more and more people opposed it.

Emperor Wu of song has been waiting for the opportunity to destroy Huan Xuan. When the time was ripe, he colluded with his younger brother Liu Daogui and his cronies, He Wuji, Wang Yuande, Meng Chang, Wei Yongzhi, Tan and Zhuge Changmin.

In February of the third year of Yuanxing (404), Emperor Wu of Song and He Wuji led hundreds of Qin Bing uprisings, killed Yanzhou and Xuerzhou, and occupied Jingkou. Meng Changyi, Liu Yi and Liu Daogui led dozens of people to kill Huanhong, the secretariat of Qingzhou, and occupied Guangling. Emperor Wu of Song sent Liu Yi to kill Diao Kui, the secretariat of Yuzhou, and occupied Liyang. Then spread around, crusade against Huan Xuan. Huan Xuan sent Wu Fuzhi, the satrap of Dunqiu, and Huangfusong, the right general, back to Beijing to resist. At the beginning of March, Emperor Wu of Song took a long knife in Jiang, rushed into the enemy line, killed it, and went south to cut Huangfusong. Huan Xuan heard that the two generals had a bad start and sent Huan Qian He Lian to Tun Dongling. The car crashed and the ship died in Shanxi, with 20 thousand soldiers. The next morning, Emperor Wu of Song led an army into Shandong, and the boat capsized. He ordered the weak soldiers to climb the tree flag and thought the soldiers were suspicious. The rest of the team go hand in hand, at first glance, the mountain is full of Liu Yuzhi soldiers. The scouts sent by Huan Xuan went back to report: "Emperor Wu of song's army is everywhere, I don't know how many." Huan Xuan is worried. In a short time, the news that Huan Qian and others were defeated came from the front. Huan Xuan hurriedly fled with his son Huan Sheng, nephew Huan Zhuo and thousands of Andi, and boarded the ship in Shicheng, Jiangxi. Don't eat all day, around to find him some coarse rice, Huan Xuan also can't eat.

Emperor Wu of song walked into health and asked Liu about everything. Emperor Wu of song set an example and set things right. Officials naturally dare not slack off. Within ten days, the atmosphere in Beijing has changed.

In April, Huan Xuan fled to Jiangling with Andi, and reset the official. The punishment became more severe, and his subordinates became more and more centrifugal. In order to defend Emperor Wu of Song, Huan Xuan sent He Lian and others to keep their mouths shut, and was quickly defeated by He Wuji and Liu Daogui.

In early May, Liu Yi, He Wuji, Liu Daogui, etc. Continuing westward, I met Huan Xuan's army in an eventful continent. There are less than 1 10,000 people in Liu Jun and 20,000 people in Xu Anjun. Liu Jun is a little timid. Liu Daogui said: "If we are outnumbered, we will retreat if we don't advance, and we will certainly take advantage of it. Huan Xuan has a reputation as a hero, but he is actually very timid. He has failed in the past and his army is unstable. The two armies compete for the brave, not the crowd. " So he attacked and set fire to the wind, and Huan Xuan was defeated. He held Andy overnight and fled back to Jiangling, intending to continue to flee back to Hanzhong. That night, Huan Xuan left Andi alone and rode out of the city with hundreds of confidants. At the city gate, his ranks were killing each other, and Huan Xuan was almost hacked to death. He got away with it and got on the boat. Only the edge is around at this time? It followed.

Huan Xuan took a boat along the Yangtze River to Qianzhou, south of Jiangling, where he met Mao and led hundreds of people to escort Ningzhou Lingshu and secretariat Mao Kun back to Jiangling, and was defeated by Mao and others. At that time, arrows rained down, and Huan Xuan's cronies Ding and Wan Gai covered Huan Xuan with their bodies. They were all shot dead by dozens of arrows, and Huan Xuan was also injured by arrows. Qian Feng, the secretariat of Yizhou, drew a knife to cut Huan Xuan. Huan Xuan hurriedly pulled out the precious jade from his head and led it to him, saying, "Who are you to kill the son of heaven?" Qian Feng scolded: "I killed the thief of the son of heaven!" "While speaking, hand sword fell, Huan Xuan has head fall to the ground. Liu Yi and others sent their heads to Jiankang, and Emperor Wu of Song ordered them to be hung on the truss for public display.

A month later, Huan Qian, Huan Zhen and others assembled the remnants, recaptured Jiangling, and observed a moment of silence for Huan Xuan and the emperor. In the first month of the second year (405), Liu Yi and others recovered Jiangling, and Huan Qian and others fled to North Qin. In March, Huan Zhen was defeated and killed. Andy Jin returned to Jiankang to reset. At this point, a live drama of Huan Xuan usurping the throne and calling himself emperor came to an end.