In the middle ages and modern times, this area was mainly engaged in agricultural production, and it is also the case now. The main agricultural production is herding sheep and farming more. However, since the16th century, the mining and other resources in the peak area have been gradually valued, including not only lead, but also coal, fluorite, copper, zinc, iron, manganese and silver. In Celia Fiennes's 1697, she wrote in her travel notes:

Those rugged mountains are all white or black mines, some are copper mines, some are tin mines and lead mines, and there is a lot of silver.

Coal exploration exists in the western and eastern edges of the peak area, and those relics in the past can be found from Grossop to Roaches, from Stocksbridge to Baslow. The mining industry began in the Middle Ages, with the highest output in the18th century and the early19th century, and some varieties continued until the early 20th century. The earliest mining was close to the surface, and later with the development of steam engines, it gradually approached the center of the mountain. At the edge of Goyt's moss and axe, cracks were developed, and the steam engine carried the coal out and pumped the water out of the mine. Coal from the east is used to smelt lead ore, while coal from the west is used to calcine lime.

Lead mining reached its peak in 17 and 18 centuries, and then high concentrations of lead residues were found in this area. The lead mining industry began to shrink gradually in the middle of19th century, and the last big mine was closed in 1939. Although lead slag is a by-product of fluorite, barite and calcite mining. Not all minerals are buried deep underground. On flat land, exploration well is a cheap and convenient way to obtain shallow minerals. Drive the drill bit into the ore and then enlarge the bottom to obtain the ore. Then the deep well is enlarged until it is mined out. Then, other deep wells were driven into nearby coal seams.

Fluorite or fluorite is called blue fluorite in the peak area. The name is said to come from French Bleu et Jaune. Blue fluorite is scarce now, and only a few hundred kilograms are supplied to decorators and jewelers every year. The blue fluorite cave in castleton is now a display cave. The nearby Treekcliff mine is still being mined.

In buxton, the mining of industrial lime for sodium carbonate production began at 1874. 1926 this project belongs to British chemical company. With the depletion of lead ore, large-scale limestone and sandstone mining has flourished, leaving important but controversial industries in the peak area. There are 12 large lime mining units in the peak area, and Tunsted near buxton is one of the largest mining units in Europe. Generally speaking, the output of lime is huge, and the peak capacity of 1990 is 8.5 million tons.