After Genghis Khan destroyed the Western Liao Dynasty, his territory was bordered by the most powerful country in Central Asia-Huatuo Mozi Kingdom. The kingdom of the flower thorn submodule was originally a small country in the eastern part of the Caspian Sea, and its capital was Wugong Gechi (formerly known as the flower thorn submodule and Urda Chi, and the Mongols called it Yulong Jiechi, now in Urgenchi, Turkmenistan). In the sixth year of Qingyuan in the Southern Song Dynasty (1200), after Maha succeeded to the throne, he gradually became stronger and captured the western part of Liaoning. Through many expeditions, it annexed neighboring countries such as Persia (now Iran) and Afghanistan and reached its peak. Xindu was built in Samarkand (now Samarkand, Uzbekistan) in an attempt to explore Mongolia, and sent envoys to Zhongdu (now Beijing) to inquire about the actual situation and route of Mongolia. Since then, due to the enfeoffment of various factions, the national strength has gradually weakened. In the 10th year of Yuan Taizu (12 15), Genghis Khan sent envoys to the kingdom of Huatuo Mozi to conclude a trade agreement. According to the agreement, Genghis Khan sent 450 envoys and caravans and 500 camels, carrying a lot of gold, silver, jewelry and commodities for trade. As for Ortera (a job is a thorn in the side, in the northwest of Chimkent, Kazakhstan), the governor also found it difficult to make a fortune, falsely accused the caravan of being a spy, reported to the king for slaughter, and embezzled goods and camels. In order to concentrate on attacking gold, avoid interrupting trade and strive for a peaceful solution, Genghis Khan sent envoys to Maha at the end of the book to accuse him of treachery and demand the surrender of the murderer. Mahamo refused to ask, killed the ambassador, shaved off the beards of the two ambassadors and escorted them out of the country. Genghis Khan then paid Muqali to attack the gold and conquered the flower thorn submodule. After Han Ge ascended the throne in 125 1 year, he suppressed the rebels among the kings descended from Wokuotai, divided the fiefs and granted them to the kings to weaken their power. He Dan, the son of Wokuotai, led his troops to the Bari area, and the land of the Irtysh River was destroyed. The grandson of Wokuotai led the Yemili area, and the grandson of Wokuotai, Haidu and Xunzi moved to Hai 'anli (now Kazakh Tardikurgan of the Soviet Union) and led his troops out of Yili in the west. 1253, dispatched by French King Louis IX and Pope Sinibaldo Fieschi, Red Luke went to the Mongolian Empire and was received by Mongo Khan.

Armenian King Hethum I turned against Muslims for the benefit of Christianity. He first visited the commander of the Mongolian army in Persia. Then take the main road to Dalban, and arrive at Badou camp in the lower reaches of the Volga River. Hethum I was summoned by Mungo, who promised to prohibit any country from invading Armenian Haitun Court. In addition, Mungo also promised to send his younger brother Xu Liewu to lead the Mongolian army to destroy the Armenian arch-enemy caliph and return the holy land to Christians. 165438+ 10, Hou haifaint left the Mongolian imperial court, took Farewell Lane (the ancient city), Almali, Amu Darya and Persia, and returned to Armenia.

In A.D. 1253, at the meeting of neighboring countries held at the source of Erneng River, Mungo decided to send his younger brother Xu Liewu to complete the task of conquering Persia, forcing the caliph of Baghdad and Mesopotamia to surrender, and then let Xu Liewu conquer Syria. At the same time, Mongo himself and his other brother Kublai Khan led another team to complete the war to destroy the Song Dynasty.

The third Western Expedition took place in 1253 ~ 1260, and the commander in chief was Xu Liewu, the sixth son and brother of Mongo. The main targets of the Western Expedition were Muziyi State (now south of Caspian Sea) and Abbasid Dynasty (capital Baoda, now Baghdad, Iraq). 1253 troops set out. 1256, the country of muziyi perished. The following year, he marched into Baoda, and 1258 captured Baoda City and destroyed Abbasid Dynasty. 1259, Mongolian soldiers attacked Syria in three ways; Mongo Khan besieged the fishing city, fell into the middle stream and died in the army. 1260, Mongolian troops occupied Arebos, Damascus and other cities, and captured their king.