Tang Ke, Qin Lao, was born in Qiantang, Hangzhou. I lost my father when I was four years old. When I heard people talking about my father, I cried sadly. Thanks to the emperor's kindness, he was transferred to Chen County Commandant. A citizen was killed in the county seat, but the body was not found. The official arrested his neighbor and forced him to admit that he was the murderer. The county magistrate thought it was true. Tang Ke defended the man, and the county magistrate said, "If you argue wrong, you will be tied up." But he said: "I am the county captain and I can't catch the murderer. Do I have to let innocent people die? " I personally went out to visit and look for it. Someone came to report the case at night. At dawn, I found the body and arrested the murderer. When he was appointed as the magistrate of Yuci, the son of a gentry in the county dominated the village, gathered people to flee, sheltered the wicked and did not pay taxes. None of the county magistrates before and after dared to ask. Tang can enlighten him with reasonable words. He realized and regretted himself (or "realized and regretted himself"), changed his original behavior (or "forced self-control, changed his original intention") and became a kind person. During the Daguan period, Tang Ke was appointed as a foreign minister and took Jeff to recruit soldiers. The Yi people began to be afraid of doubt, and they greeted him in armor. Tang Ke asked dozens of guards to evacuate and go alone. When the barbarians saw it, they shouted happily, laid down their weapons and obeyed orders.
Transfer to Cangzhou. When the Yellow River burst its banks and the flood rushed to the gate, Tang could go to the city to repair it. Du Shuimeng Changling sent a document asking for ships and soldiers. Tang Ke reported that the water was very fierce and boats should be used to guard against emergencies. Cangzhou is the farthest border. Without the emperor's will, the army dare not deploy. Meng Changling was furious and impeached him, but Tang was unmoved and devoted himself to flood control. When the flood receded, Cangzhou City was preserved and the emperor issued a letter of commendation.
In the early years of Jingkang, the nomads from the capital of song dynasty attacked, and Li Bangyan recommended Tang Ke, who was appointed assistant minister of Zhongshu after his arrival. In August of this year, he was appointed Shaozai and Assistant Minister of Chinese Books, and the emperor treated him with courtesy. However, Tang Ke did not have a great strategy to save the times. Nomads from the second invasion, demanding the cession of the three towns, Tang Ke called court ministers to discuss that nine out of ten people should be beheaded in the three towns, and Tang Ke listened to their opinions. The emissary had already set out, when all the passers-by and horses gathered around the capital. Order to stop moving, all leave Lee. It was not until the nomads from the army forcibly breached the gate that Tang Kecai began to regret it. He secretly said to the emperor: "The reason why the Tang Dynasty lost its capital many times after Tianbao was because the emperor could woo outside. Now it is time to follow the example of Jingdezhen and leave the prince in the capital. The emperor moved the capital to Luoyang to occupy Qin Zhou and Yongzhou, and personally led the people of the world to conquer and fight for the rejuvenation of the country. " The emperor was ready to listen to his advice. Yin Heli of Kaifeng came in and quoted Su Shi's current point of view, saying that the miscalculation of the Zhou Dynasty was nothing more than a serious eastward shift. The emperor suddenly realized, changed his mind, stamped his foot and said, "Now we must stick to the country." Tang Ke's plan to promote Li He to assistant minister was not adopted.
Tang Ke wandered around the city with the emperor and was stopped and beaten by people in the capital. Tang Ke escaped by express train, so he stayed at home and asked to quit his office. Then suggestion Hu Shunyi impeached his crime and said, "Your wisdom is not enough to manage and plan the border war, but he is only good at making eunuchs. Now that the national situation is increasingly urgent, he really can't afford this position. " The emperor asked Li He to be prime minister instead of him.
2. Wang Classical Chinese reading answer translation for reference: Wang, the word Junyou, Kaifeng Xianping people.
Formerly known as Gong Shou, 19 years old won the first place in Jinshi, and Renzong gave him the name "Chen Gong". Ren Huaizhou sent a decree to go straight to Jixian Hospital to be the judge of salt and iron, repair beads and make patents.
In the first year of Li Qing (104 1), he was a bachelor of Hanlin. Liu, an emissary of the Khitan, once said to Jia Changchao, "What is the danger of the boundary river?" You can row it with a boat, and the soldier can fill it with a whip.
Or, dig up the river bank, make100000 bags filled with sand and put them upstream, and you can get through the road at any time. Injong and Chen Gong discussed this issue. He said, "There are always conspiracies in war.
As expected, the other party can do this and should not tell us. It must be bragging. Setting up obstacles to defend the country, the former king did so, and the ancestors also used dangerous terrain to resist the enemy. "
Soon, the Qidan sent Liu, demanding that the Song Dynasty cede ten counties in Guannan, and accused Taizong of cutting Yan unreasonably. The whole court doesn't know how to answer.
Chen Gong said: "When Wang Shi conquered Hedong, the Qidan had already communicated with us, but they attacked Shilingguan to support the anti-thieves in Hedong. Emperor Taizong was angry and returned to attack Qidan. How can you say it is unreasonable? " So he wrote back and said, "There was the battle of the Ten Mausoleums first, and then the battle of the Jade Gate."
After the Khitan received the reply, it was reconciled. Renzong happily said to the ministers: "If Chen Gong is not familiar with history, it is really difficult to answer."
Chen Gong also acted as the magistrate of Kaifeng Prefecture, and was appointed as an ancient adviser. When Xia Song became the special envoy of the Tang Dynasty, Chen Gong said: "When Xia Song presided over the western border affairs, he made no achievements and returned in vain.
How can he set an example for the world now that he is in charge of one of the two highest military and political institutions in this country? "So face to face with the emperor, fierce words. The emperor didn't figure it out, suddenly got up, and Chen Gong came forward to hold his skirts.
The emperor finally listened to his words, and Xia Song left. He also said: "What Teng Zongliang did in Gyeongju violated the law, but he was only demoted and transferred to Guo Shou. I'm afraid that border officials will be like him in the future.
Heavy penalties should be imposed. "The emperor didn't listen, just ask for leave to go home and ask for demotion.
So the emperor transferred Teng Zongliang to Yuezhou and ordered Chen Gong to continue to be in charge of the original work. When Chen Gong met with the emperor, the emperor said, "You staff officers, just give your own opinions. Don't think that the court didn't adopt one of your suggestions to suppress you, but easily left to seek fame and reputation. "
From now on, if you think you should say something, say it as much as possible and don't shy away. "Less monks deceive the people in the name of casting Buddha statues. Beijing residents are scrambling to put gold into smelting furnaces, and the harem also pays for him.
Chen Gong said, "The West has been sending troops to station for many years, but we spend money on places that should not be used, which will shake the morale of the army and cause public resentment." The emperor ordered the ban on this activity of the monks who lived less.
Entering the concert hall to entertain guests, Wang Yi got drunk and wrote a song of pride, suggesting that Su's subordinates and Liu report the matter. As a result, Sue and Wang were banished to a distant place, and everyone who got together was expelled to the local area.
The ministers in power at that time were Du Yan and Fan Zhongyan. They reformed the traditional rules and regulations, which made Chen Gong's friends feel uneasy. Shunqin and Yirou were both recommended and promoted by Fan Zhongyan, and Shunqin is Du Yan's son-in-law. Therefore, Chen Gong took this opportunity to overthrow these people. At that time, public opinion looked down on Chen Gong.
Later, I acted as an agent for three secretaries as a bachelor of Hanlin. Being wrongly elected to enrich the people, he became Zhengzhou and then moved to three countries: Iraq and Yinghe.
A few years later, he came back and became a bachelor. The emperor put Xuan Jing and yarrow in your parrot's house for divination, and said to Chen Gong, "I often study these.
Do you know this too? Chen Gong replied: "I hope your majesty will attach importance to the Confucian classics, supplemented by historical books that record the ups and downs of past dynasties. These miscellaneous books are not enough to learn. " In the third year (1056), he was appointed as the third secretary.
When I arrived in Khitan, I met with the Khitan Lord in Huntongjiang and had a feast. Every time Master Qidan catches a fish, he will pour wine for Chen Gong, personally play the pipa, and help him sober up.
He also said to his prime minister, "This is a young scholar in the Southern Dynasties. He has been in the Hanlin Academy for fifteen years, and I want to be very kind to him. " After his return, Zhao Yi, an imperial envoy, argued that his behavior was impolite. "If the Khitan emissary takes this as an example to ask us, how can we refuse?" Hunan Tongguan and Chenzhou Zhifu Renzhuan bought the jewelry of a dead businessman at a low price. They were arrested after the crime was exposed. Ye Zhao impeached all the jewels by bribing them to the harem.
When he was appointed as the ambassador of Xuanhui North Hospital, Zhao Yibian said: "The post of Xuanhui was originally for people with meritorious deeds. Only the former ruling minister and our ambassador can get this position. How can Chen Gong insult this position? " So let him know Yongxing Army as a bachelor of Duanming Temple, and he was in charge of Thailand, Dingzhou, Daming House in Henan, and the official ministers. After Zongshen acceded to the throne, Chen Gong should be transferred as a servant according to his qualifications. Ouyang Xiu thinks that Servant Shooter is the rank of prime minister, so he should not be ranked according to seniority, and only appointed him as the little prince.
In the first year of Xining (1068), he was recalled as an ambassador to the North Hospital. Wang Anshi, who got involved in politics, hated him for always being against himself and taking advantage of two prime ministers' affairs to drive him to take charge of Yingtianfu.
In eight years (1075), he went to North Korea to see the emperor and served as the envoy of Zhong Yi Palace. In the early years of Yuanfeng (1078), he was transferred to the South Courtyard and given a gold hoop.
Once again, it was named Wu' an Army. The Third Route Chief compiled the household registration of ordinary people, established the Baojia system, and recruited ordinary people for training every day. The ban is harsh and impatient, and ordinary people are often forced to be bandits.
County officials hide these situations and dare not report them. Chen Gong resolutely wrote a letter accusing it of its shortcomings: "Not only the material interests of ordinary people have been greatly damaged, but also their farming time has been delayed. This is forcing them to commit crimes by law.
Signs that they have gradually evolved into thieves can already be seen. Even if we can't abolish all these methods, we should spare the poorest and most incapable people from suffering and ease the situation. "
The authorities accused Chen Gong of boycotting the new law, and Chen Gong replied: "This is the old minister's loyalty to the country." Keep playing.
The emperor changed his mind, so the fifth-class households were exempted. Zhezong acceded to the throne, moved Zhang Dejie, and sealed the school for the Taishi.
He died this year at the age of 74. Posthumous title, Third Secretary of Kaifu Instrument, posthumous title.
3. Read classical Chinese Read the following classical Chinese and complete the following questions (1)B The court gave him a gold thread, but Su Shi declined. Remarks: Rejected. (2)B A 1 I 2； B use and take; C 1 thinks that ② I, D 1 table accepts ② but. (3)C's mistake of "asking for an official position for himself", Su Shi didn't ask Han Qi for an official position. The original text is "try two theories, return to the third class, and get straight to the history museum." Shi said, "the public can be said to love others with virtue." 4 "compare the crown" to twenty. "Broadcom", proficient; "Genus", write; "Good", I like it. Translation: At the age of twenty, I am proficient in classics and history, writing thousands of words every day, and I like Jia Yi and Lu Zhi's books. "Shake" shakes people's hearts; Preposition object and. The translation is: enrich the people, the people are not living well, who will keep me? If all the rich people leave this city, they will shake people's hearts. Then who will I defend this city with? Answer: (1) B (2) B (3) C (4) When I was twenty years old, I was proficient in classics and history. I write thousands of words every day. I like Jia Yi and Lu Zhi's books. If all the rich people leave the city, they will shake people's hearts. Then who will I defend this city with? Su Shi was born in Meishan, Meizhou. At the age of ten, his father Su Xun went to four places to study, and his mother Cheng personally taught him to read. When he hears about the success or failure of ancient and modern times, he often focuses on the key points. Cheng was very excited when he read the biography of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Su Shi asked, "If I become Fan Pang, will my mother agree?" Cheng said, "you can be. Can't I be Fan Pang's mother? " By the age of 20, he was proficient in classics and history, wrote thousands of words every day, and liked Jia Yi and Lu Zhi's books. Shortly after reading Zhuangzi, he sighed: "I used to have opinions that I couldn't say, but now I see this book, and I am in my heart." In the second year of Zhiping, he entered the imperial court and was sentenced to Wen Gu Academy. When he was a vassal, Yingzong heard about his reputation and wanted to call him into the Hanlin Academy as an old example of the Tang Dynasty. In the future, naturally, he should bear the great responsibility in the world. The key is that the court should cultivate him and make all the scholars in the world respect him. I want the court to use him and then ask him to reuse it. Then all the people have no objection. If he is suddenly reused now, the scholars in the world may not think it is right, but it is just enough to make him suffer. Yingzong said, "How about writing him a suicide note?" ? Han Qi said: "Juzhu is similar to the patent in Zhi Zhi, so it can't be granted immediately. It's better to award it to him in the upper part of the pavilion and invite him to take the exam. Yingzong said, "I wonder if he can be admitted to the teacher?" ? "Han Qi still didn't agree. Tried two compositions, was ranked third, and got the position of straight history museum. Su Shi listened to Han Qi and said, "The Han Palace can be said to be convinced by virtue. "When Su Xun died, the court gave him gold silk, and Su Shi declined and asked for an official position, so he gave Su Shi Guanglucheng (to Xuzhou for his post), and a flood burst its banks and flooded Cao Cun. As long as I am here, the water will never rush into the city, and the rich will be driven back to the city. When Su Shi arrived at Wuwei camp, he said to the governor, "The river is coming into the city, and it is urgent. Even the Royal Guards should do their best for me. " The commander said, "If you are too defensive to escape, we villains will certainly obey you." So he led the people out of the city with cups and bells and walked from the southeast. But the city did not sink. Su Shi lives on it and doesn't go in when he passes by the door. He asked officials to guard all the places, and all the soldiers went out of the city. He made a wooden embankment to prevent the flood from coming again, and the court appreciated him very much.
Although Qian Sigong was rich from a small family, he had few hobbies. When he was in Xiluo, he tasted the language and worked as a subordinate, saying that he was only good at reading, reading classics while sitting, reading novels while lying down, and reading fine print when going to the toilet. Guy never put the book out in an instant. Xie also said: Song Gong hung in the History Institute, and every time he went to the toilet, he had to carry a book on his back. The irony was loud and clear. Most of them are on the third floor, that is, immediately, on the pillow and in the toilet. The cover can especially belong to Si Er. Note (1) Qian Sigong: Qian was one of the representative writers of "Kunxi Style" in the Northern Song Dynasty. Xie (Xie Qiang) mentioned below that Song Gong Hammer (Song Taizu) was also famous for his literature for a while. (2) Xiluo: Xijing Luoyang. (3) Taste: Zeng. (4) telling. (5) Family: Assistant officials of the government. (6) Novels: Hundreds of works in the pre-Qin period and various miscellaneous notes in later generations. (7) Small words: short. He is famous for reading Minhui's Strong Memory. (1 1) Classics and History: Classics and History Books. (12) Xie: Xie Jiang, a friend of Ouyang Xiu. (13) Reason: Therefore, Qian Sigong was born in a rich family, but he had no hobbies. He used to be in Luoyang and Xijing. Read short poems and poems when you go to the toilet. I won't leave the book for about half an hour. Xie also said: Song, who is also in the history institute, always has to recite a book when going to the toilet. The sound of reading is crisp and can be heard far and near, so he is eager to learn. So I told Shen that most of the articles I wrote in my life were on three occasions, immediately, on the pillow and in the toilet. This may be the only place.
5. Read classical Chinese Read the following classical Chinese and complete the following questions (1) "or" as pronoun, as subject, pause in front and exclude AC; "Barking is not its master" is a verb-object structure, which pauses in front and excludes D; So Xuanzong ascended the throne and got Li Qiao's playing table from the palace, and someone tried to kill him. Zhang said: Li Qiao was really confused at that time, but he was planning for his master at that time, just like a dog barking at its owner, so he should not be held accountable. (2)D "The article refers to Li Qiao's inspection work in the local area", which should be "taking office". "complex", cumbersome and chaotic; "Crappy", obscene. It is forbidden to advocate roughness in norms, and laws and regulations should be simple. Simple, laws and regulations will be easy to implement, not cumbersome and chaotic; Rough, can cover a wide range without trivial. (1 minute, 2 points to the effect) ② "take", think; "Married wrong" is 1, and the mistake is passed on. Zhongzong believes that Li Qiao, as prime minister, can state his political mistakes himself, not pass them on to others, and is not allowed to issue decrees (he dismissed from office). The answer is: (1)B(2)D(3)A(4)① Prohibitive norms advocate vulgarization, and laws and regulations should be vulgarized, which can cover a wide range but not trivial. (2) Zhongzong thought that Li Qiao, as prime minister, could state his political mistakes by himself, would not pass them on to others, and was not allowed to give instructions (he was removed from office). Li Qiao, a word giant mountain, was an admirer of Emperor Zhao Zhou. His father died when he was young. He was very filial to his mother. When he was a child, he dreamed that the fairy gave him a pair of pens, and the article was written well from then on. Began to serve as an Anding county magistrate. He got an A in the policy-making exam, so he moved to Chang 'an. At that time, Luo and Liu Guangye were also famous for their articles in Beijing officialdom. Li Qiao is the youngest, but his reputation is the same as theirs (Yi Ping). Li Qiao was gradually promoted to this position. It happened that Lai Junchen framed Di Renjie and Li Simiao who were in prison and were about to be killed. Wuhou asked Li Jue to ask Deyu of Dali Zhang Shaoqing and Liu Xian, an imperial envoy. But dare not put forward different views. Li Qiao said: "Knowing that it was a wrong judgment, Confucius said,' Seeing righteousness and not doing it'." So he and they listed the fact that they had been wronged. For this reason, they violated the will of Wuhou and were demoted to Runzhou Sima. First, they set up the platform of Right Imperial History to investigate the good and evil of state and county officials and the gains and losses of customs. Li Qiao said: "The prohibition of alcohol advocates rudeness. Rough, can cover a wide range but not trivial (requirements: complex, cumbersome). " He added: "I implore about ten states to establish an empire for one year, so that they can go to the county in person, enter the streets and lanes, supervise the evil and fake, collect folk customs, and then assess their achievements according to actual work." Wuhou felt that he was right, and the next letter was divided into several sections. However, it was stopped by people's discussion. At the end of Chang 'an, Wuhou prepared to build a giant Buddha in Baisiban. Li Qiao protested: "Although the statue was paid by monks and nuns, it could not be completed without the state and county undertaking. Therefore, in name, people are not required to pay taxes, but in fact, they are required to pay taxes. I calculated that the whole world is compiling accounts, and there are many poor people. There is a house and a field to return. If a family gives 1000 yuan, it can solve the hunger and cold suffering of170,000 people, and the merits are countless. " Wuhou did not adopt it. When Li Jue was in the official department, he was bent on gaining a good reputation through extensive private interests and hoped to restore his position as prime minister, so he invited thousands of foreign officials. Later, the bureaucracy was excessive and the national treasury expenditure increased. So he wrote a letter (resistance: submission) and resigned, stating more than ten articles. However, he was able to state his political mistakes without passing them on to others. He is not allowed to be removed from office. Li Qiao was restored to his post. At first, after the death of Zhongzong, Li Qiao secretly requested to dispose of the princes who assisted the emperor and forbade them to live in the capital. When Emperor Xuanzong ascended the throne, he got the performance of Li Qiao in the palace, and someone asked him to be killed. Zhang said: "Li Qiao really can't tell the difference, but he was planning for the master. Just like a dog barking at a master who is not his own, he should not be convicted. " The son of heaven listened to his suggestion, pardoned Li Jue, banished him to another family in Chuzhou, and asked him and his son Chang Li to be the secretariat of Qianzhou. Later it was changed to another family in Luzhou, at the age of 70. Li Qiao is quick-thinking and his articles are often recited. Before he became an official, he worked with Wang Bo and Wang Bo.