In 5 14 BC, He Lv ascended the throne of the state of Wu, that is, appointed Wu Zixu, a former aristocrat of Chu who fled to the state of Wu, and Sun Wu of Qi to reform the internal affairs, "build castles, defend and rule Hyogo", expand the army, strengthen the combat readiness, and formulated the policy of "breaking Chu in the west, making Qi Jin in the north and serving Yue in the south" at that time, with its capital Ji (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) It is reported that today, the territory of Yue State in northern Zhejiang is small, the population is sparse, and the economic and cultural development is relatively backward. In order to unite the State of Yue to control the State of Wu, the State of Chu actively supported Yun Chang, thus making the power of the State of Yue grow rapidly. In 5 10 BC, the State of Wu attacked Yue, and the war between the two countries began. Both sides have come and gone, and a long-term tug-of-war has begun.
In 506 BC, He Lv led an army to attack Chu. In the spring of the following year, Yun often took advantage of the emptiness of Wu State to send troops to attack Suzhou, the capital of Wu State. The prince of Wu hurriedly withdrew his troops to rescue him, letting Chang know that he could not be defeated, so he took the initiative to withdraw his troops and returned them after the robbery. In 496 BC, Yun Chang died of illness and Zi Gou Jian succeeded to the throne. The king of Wu served the Vietnamese in the south, so he took advantage of Gou Jian's initiative to lead an army to attack Vietnam. The two sides fought in Meihua (now southwest of Jiaxing County, Zhejiang Province). Seeing Wu Junrong's neatness, Gou Jian organized death squads to attack several times in a row, but they were all repelled by Wu Jun. In this case, Gou Jian forced prisoners who committed capital crimes to line up in three columns, walked to Wu Jun with swords and committed suicide together. Wu Jun soldiers were stunned by this crazy move, and flocked to watch, and Wu Jun was in chaos. The Vietnamese army took the opportunity to launch a surprise attack and defeated Wu Jun, and He Lv himself died of injuries. Before he died, he repeatedly reminded his son Focha: "Don't forget to cross!"
Fu Cha always kept in mind the revenge of killing his father, trained day and night, actively prepared for war, and prepared to send troops to attack Vietnam. In the spring of 494 BC, Gou Jian, the king of Yue, learned that Fu Cha was going to attack Yue, but he didn't listen to Fan Li's advice. In the case of inadequate preparation, he decided to take the initiative to attack Wu. Fu Cha sent all the elite soldiers of Wu to meet Yu Fujiao (now southwest of Suzhou, Jiangsu). Wu Jun fought bravely with one heart, but the Vietnamese army was defeated and suffered heavy losses, leaving only 5,000 people to retreat to Kuaiji Mountain. Wu Jun pursued the victory, occupied Huiji Mountain in Du Yue, and then surrounded Huiji Mountain. At the critical moment of life and death, the doctor put forward the idea of enduring humiliation and pursuing perfection, and advocated humble submission to Wu. If he doesn't allow it, Gou Jian will personally go to Wu as a hostage. Gou Jian adopted this suggestion, prepared to fight to the death, sent Wen Zi to make peace with the prince of Wu, bribed Wu Taizai with beauty and treasure, asked him to mediate, persuaded Fu Cha to allow Yue to be a vassal of Wu, and declared that if Wu was not allowed, he would cross the rubicon and fight with Wu to the end. Wu Zixu thinks that it is better to destroy Yue State than to strive for hegemony in the Central Plains. Seeing that there is an ambition to destroy Wu behind the courtesy of Yue's monarch and subjects, he insists on completely destroying Yue State, otherwise it will lead the tiger back to the mountain and preserve his legacy. "If you don't destroy Yue today, you will regret it later." However, Fu Cha was eager to compete with Qi in the north, thinking that since Yue had surrendered, it would exist in name only. Therefore, he promised to negotiate peace with Yue and lead his army back to China.
The more you experience in this war, the more strength you lose. In order to appease the people, Gou Jian wrote a letter to himself: "I didn't know that I was weak, but I hated a big country for exposing the bones of the people in the Central Plains. This is my sin, so I ask you to feel more guilty. " He also ordered "burying the dead, asking the injured, keeping in good health, worrying, congratulating, rejoicing, giving people away, welcoming people, eliminating the evil of the people and making up for the shortcomings of the people". Then, the domestic affairs were entrusted to the doctor, who took others to Wu to be slaves of Fu Cha. Gou Jian endured humiliation in the State of Wu, finally won the trust of Fu Cha, and was released to China three years later.
After Gou Jian returned to China, he was determined to restore the country and destroy Wu. The so-called "self-cultivation, wife self-weaving, food without meat, clothing is not heavy, folding sages, being kind to guests, vibrating the poor to hang, and sharing with the people." Strive for people's hearts, select talents and appoint people, let Wen Zi govern the government, Fan Li rectify the army, and set up a recruiting hall to accept talents from all walks of life. Reform internal affairs, reduce penalties, reduce taxes, reclaim wasteland, develop production, encourage fertility and increase population. Militarily, build a city and build a profile, repair the capital destroyed by the war, train the army, reward and punish severely, and expand the source of troops. In foreign policy, it pursues the policy of "uniting with the Communist Party, being pro-Chu, paying a lot of money and being lenient with Wu". Constantly give generous gifts to Fu Cha to show loyalty and obedience, so as to eliminate his vigilance against the state of Yue; Give him beautiful women and girls, so that he can indulge in womanizing and distract himself; Bribing Chen Wu to win their sympathy and help; And alienate the interior of Wu and provoke discord among ministers; Destroy Wu's economy and buy Wu's grain at a high price, which makes its internal food prices soar and causes supply difficulties; Collecting excellent materials and selecting skilled craftsmen to give them to Fucha will promote its construction and consume manpower and material resources. The above measures have achieved remarkable results, strengthened themselves, weakened the enemy and won over the country. The strength of Yue has been greatly enhanced, and it is only a matter of time before he sends his troops to attack Wu.
Wuyue became more and more corrupt. He worked hard to get revenge and revenge. Fuxi was arrogant because of his victory, extravagant and lustful, and militaristic. In order to build Gusutai, a lot of manpower and material resources were mobilized, and the stone met on it day and night. At the same time, he was eager to threaten Qi Jin by force and dominate the Central Plains. The attack on Chen in 489 BC and Lu in the following year shocked the small countries nearby and opened the way for the north to enter the Central Plains. Fu Cha also recruited a large number of migrant workers to build Seoul, as a base for going northward, digging ditches, communicating with Jianghuai and facilitating military transportation. In order to lead Wu northward into the Central Plains, make enemies with Jin and Qi and Chu, and create opportunities to attack Wu by taking advantage of weakness, Gou Jian made great efforts to Fu Cha, and asked tens of thousands of civilian workers to help Wu dig Korean ditches, so as to push Fu Cha northward.
In 484 BC, Fu Cha heard that Qi Jinggong was dead, and decided to go north to cut Qi, unite with Lu Army and defeat Qi Army. After the war, Fu Cha became even more arrogant, thinking that the hegemony of the Central Plains could be realized by finally conquering the State of Jin, so he agreed that Jin Dinggong and the governors of other countries would join the Union in Huangchi (now southwest of Fengqiu, Henan) on July 7, 482 BC. Before leaving, Fu Cha turned a deaf ear to the advice that the prince's friends should beware of taking advantage of the situation. He thought that the hegemony of the Central Plains was within reach and should not be missed. Therefore, since he led 30,000 elite soldiers to the empty country and went north to Huangchi, there were only 65,438+/kloc-0,000 people left in Gusu, and the opportunity that Gou Jian dreamed of finally came. On June 12, 482 BC, Gou Jian mobilized 49,000 Vietnamese troops, divided into two roads, one led by Fan Li, and entered the Huaihe River by sea, cutting off Wu Jun's return from Huangchi. Doctor domain was the pioneer all the way, Gou Jian led the main force, and then attacked Gusu directly from the north by land. The King of Wu led his troops to Shang Hong (now the suburb of Suzhou, Jiangsu) to stop the Vietnamese army from attacking. He felt that the elite troops had gone north and lacked strength, and advocated insisting on aiding Vietnam. The general of the State of Wu, Wang Sun Miyong, despised the Vietnamese army and did not listen to the command. He led 5000 troops to battle without authorization and defeated the vanguard troops, which made him even more complacent and underestimated the enemy. On the 22nd, Gou Jian's main force arrived, launched a storm, surrounded Wu Jun and captured the Prince's friends. Then March into Gusu.
At this point, Fuxi is competing with Jin Dinggong in Huangchi. Hearing that the Vietnamese army attacked Gusu, fearing that it would affect hegemony, he killed seven messengers in a row to report the situation to block this unfavorable news, and threatened the Jin State with concessions. Finally, he reluctantly became the overlord, and then hurried back to China. However, because the news of the loss of Gusu had been leaked and the morale of the army was shaken, Fu Cha felt uncertain about fighting back against the Vietnamese army, so he sent someone to make peace with the Vietnamese army. Gou Jian also allowed peace talks and withdrew his troops to return home because of his lack of strength.
After Fuxi made peace with Vietnam, due to years of war, production was greatly damaged and the country was empty. At that time, he was unable to fight back, so he stopped fighting and tried to recover his strength. However, the State of Yue enriched itself with its captured wealth and strengthened its confidence in defeating the State of Wu. In 478 BC, Wu suffered an unprecedented famine. Gou Jian thought that the time was ripe for a massive attack on Wu. After full preparation, he led an army to March to Lize (now Suzhou South). Focha also led all the troops in Gusu to meet the Vietnamese army. There are Wu Jun in the north and Vietnamese troops in the south, facing each other across the sea. At dusk, Gou Jian sent some troops with the main force and two wings to hide in the river, beating drums and shouting in the middle of the night, pretending to attack and mobilize the enemy. Focha mistakenly thought that the Vietnamese army was attacking by crossing the river in two ways, so he quickly divided his troops and fought in two ways. Gou Jian's main force took advantage of the situation, put an end to future troubles, crossed the river secretly, and unexpectedly attacked from the weak part in the middle of Wu Jun, making a central breakthrough. Wu Jun suffered a crushing defeat, and the Vietnamese army expanded its achievements and pursued it with troops. Wu Jun was defeated again and again and retreated to Gusu. The more long-term siege tactics are adopted, the more they want to trap Wu Jun.
Wu Jun was besieged in Gusuda for three years and finally exhausted. He broke through and fled to the Soviet platform, but was immediately surrounded. Fu Cha tried to follow Gou Jian's old trick and make peace humbly. However, Gou Jian at this time is not Fu Cha 20 years ago. In order to avoid causing trouble to the enemy, Gou Jian flatly refused Fu Cha's request, Fu Cha committed suicide in despair, and Wu perished. Some even destroyed Wu, crossed the Huaihe River and formed an alliance with the vassal States, and finally realized the last dream of overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Wuyue War, after a long struggle, was full of twists and turns and drama. And the story of history has been handed down from generation to generation, which is a much-told story. Gou Jian's ten years of life and lessons are inspiring; Fu Cha was arrogant because of his victory, which made the enemy suffer, prepared for danger in times of peace, and finally lost his country.