OL Jewelry Network is the first company in China that focuses on office women's jewelry, diamonds, diamond rings, wedding rings and diamond rings. Half cheaper than traditional jewelry stores, Italian designers customize personalized jewelry for you, which is worth the money and luxury is no longer expensive. Sapphire's English name is sapphire, which comes from the Latin Spphins, meaning blue. The mineral name of sapphire is corundum, which belongs to corundum family. At present, all kinds of gem-grade corundum except ruby are collectively referred to as sapphire in the gem industry. The chemical composition of sapphire is alumina (Al2O3), which is blue because it contains trace elements of titanium (Ti4+) or iron (Fe2+). It belongs to the tripartite crystal system. Crystal shape is often cylindrical, short column, plate and so on. The geometric shape is mostly granular or dense block. Transparent to translucent, glass luster. Refractive index 1.76- 1.77, birefringence of 0.008, strong dichroism. Not an isotropic body. Sometimes it has a special optical effect-starlight effect. The hardness is 9 and the density is 3.95-4. 1g/cm3. No cleavage, cleavage development. Under certain conditions, it can produce beautiful starlight, called * starlight sapphire *. Sapphire can be divided into blue sapphire and brilliant (non-blue) sapphire. Indian cornflower blue is the best color. It is said that sapphire can protect kings and monarchs from harm, so it is called "the stone of kings". Sapphire is designated by the international gem circle as * September Birthstone *, which symbolizes kindness, loyalty and loyalty. Sapphire is one of the five precious and high-grade gems in the world. The difference between sapphire and similar and synthetic sapphire. Similar blue gems include blue spinel, blue tourmaline, blue zircon, blue cone mineral, kyanite and cordierite. Similar synthetic gems include synthetic sapphire, synthetic spinel and cobalt-containing blue glass. Blue spinel: uniform color, slightly gray, octahedral crystal, isotropic body, no dichroism. Blue tourmaline: the color is blue-green, and the crystal is a complex triangular column. Hardness, density and refractive index are lower than those of sapphire, and the dichroism is extremely obvious and the birefringence is large. Blue zircon: zircon that has been heated, with bright color, strong dispersibility and high birefringence. Synthetic sapphire: uniform color, clean, less inclusions and circular bubbles, isotropic. Evaluation and purchase of sapphire. The evaluation and purchase factors of sapphire are color, weight, transparency and purity. Sapphire is characterized by uneven color, undeveloped polycrystalline twins and strong dichroism. Sapphire produced in Myanmar is bright blue (titanium color) because the inclusion can produce six or twelve starlight. Sapphire from Kashmir, India, is a kind of high-quality sapphire, which is cornflower blue and indigo blue with bright color. Sapphires from Sri Lanka, Thailand, China and Australia also have their own characteristics. Sapphire is fragile, so you should avoid bumping and bumping when wearing it. Sapphire is characterized by uneven color, and parallel hexagonal columns are arranged with flat bands and growth lines of different shades. Poly-sheet has the development of bimorph, and the bimorph pattern of louver is common. Cleavage often cleaves along double crystal planes. Dichroism is strong. In addition to the above characteristics, sapphires all over the world have their own characteristics due to different places of origin. According to different geological causes, it can be divided into two categories: one is sapphire produced in Myanmar, Sri Lanka and Kashmir, India. The other is sapphire produced in Australia, Thailand and China. Sapphire produced in Myanmar and other places is bright blue because of its titanium content, and contains spun rutile and fingerprint-like liquid inclusions. Filamentous rutile inclusions can produce six or twelve starlight, which belongs to high-quality gemstone varieties. Sapphire made in Australia, Thailand and China contains a lot of iron, so the color of sapphire is very dark, and the reflective effect of faceted gemstones is not very good. Generally, it needs heating treatment before it can be used. The characteristics of sapphires from different origins are briefly described as follows: sapphire from Kashmir, India. The color is cornflower blue, which is purplish indigo. The colors are bright and bright. Milky white reflection effect of foggy inclusions. It is a high-quality sapphire variety. However, because the mining area is located at the northwest end of the Himalayas, more than 5000 meters above sea level, it has been shrouded in fog all the year round and has not been produced in recent years. Sapphire from Myanmar ancient animal husbandry. It is produced in the same mining area as ruby, and has the same characteristics except different colors. The inclusions are as follows: spun silk rutile inclusions, parallel hexagonal cylinders arranged closely, intersecting at 60 degrees and 120 degrees. If the contents of vertical spun silk are cut, six or twelve stars can be displayed after being polished into arc-shaped gems; The area of bubbles in the gap of fingerprint liquid inclusion is small, about 30%; Solid inclusions such as corundum, spinel, uranium pyrochlore and apatite are common. Sri Lankan sapphire. It belongs to the same mining area as ruby, and has the same characteristics except different colors. The inclusions are as follows: spun silk inclusions are similar to Burmese sapphires, but the difference is that the fibers are thin and long, which can show six starlight; Liquid inclusions are in the form of amorphous layered genus distribution or fingerprint distribution; Solid inclusions include zircon, apatite and biotite. Thai sapphire. It's black blue and gray blue. There is no spun silk inclusion in the crystal, but the fingerprint liquid inclusion is developed. The most characteristic is that there are lotus-leaf cracks around the black solid inclusions. Three groups of agglomerates have twins and cleavage cracks along twin planes. China sapphire. In 1980s, many sapphire deposits were discovered in basalt along the eastern coast of China. Among them, Shandong (Changle) sapphire has the best quality. The crystal is hexagonal barrel-shaped, with large particles, generally above 1cm, up to several kilograms. Sapphire is mostly indigo, blue, green and yellow, which is close to charcoal black because of its high iron content. Mainly indigo. There are few inclusions in gem-grade sapphire, except for black solid inclusions, fingerprint inclusions can also be seen. There are no spun silk rutile and dispersed liquid inclusions. In sapphire, the straight band is obvious and the polycrystalline twin is not developed. The growth lines of parallel hexagonal cylinders can be seen at the outer edge of large crystals. Shandong sapphire belongs to high-quality sapphire because of its few internal defects. Heilongjiang sapphire. Bright color, transparent blue, light blue, gray blue, light green, rose red, etc. , no inclusions or less, can be applied without discoloration. The disadvantage is that the particles are fine. Sapphire from Hainan Island and Fujian. Crystals with similar characteristics are generally less than 5mm in diameter, beautiful and transparent in color, and rarely contain other defects except degassing fluid inclusions and flat simple twins. However, the outer edges of crystals with particles larger than 5mm all contain a layer of ivory, opaque and parallel hexagonal columnar bands to varying degrees. Development of three groups of parallel rhombohedral flaky twins in crystals. There are also many agglomerates and rutile inclusions in the crystal. Jiangsu sapphire. The colors are beautiful and transparent, mostly blue, light blue and green. However, when ejected from the earth's surface, the eruption force of the volcano is strong, so sapphire crystals often crack along the axial plane, showing a thin plate shape, so it is difficult to obtain this substance. Australian sapphire. Australia is rich in sapphires. However, due to the high iron content, the color of the gem is dark. Most of them are dark blue, yellow, green or brown close to carbon black. Dust inclusion. Its gem features are the same as those of Thailand and China, and it can only be used after it changes color. Amethyst is purple, because it is permeated with trace iron. The frequency is quite high, leading the right brain world, improving spirituality and opening higher wisdom. It is an indispensable weapon for students, office workers or creators who need to think often. Amethyst chemical formula SiO2 hexagonal hardness 7 specific gravity 2.65 refractive index 1.54- 1.55 origin Brazil, Uruguay, Sambia, India, South Africa, Argentina, South Korea Amethyst is the most noble and beautiful member of the crystal family, also known as the Feng Shui stone, and the Japanese call Amethyst the energy stone. Amethyst is purple because there is a trace of Fe (iron) in it, and iron oxide is the main reason for its bright purple, while light amethyst is mostly heated (mostly artificially heated, but there are also a few topaz made by natural heating for thousands of years). Amethyst will also form other styles, most of which are inward-looking crystal holes (amethyst holes), while outward-looking amethyst strings (the most common ones on the market are white crystal strings) are extremely rare. Click on the picture to see the love color of women in the heart of the sea-colorful series-18k rose gold (crystal diamond), which is not monotonous; Love beauty and fashion; Love autumn and colorful life; I'm Cai Baokong. I'm nothing special. I am special. I'm not like you. I remember the touching moment with Caibao. Like you, I expect love to be colorful and romantic.