The shipping between Chaozhou and Nanyang in Qing Dynasty started from the rice trade between China and Siam. The early rice trade was transported by Siamese ships. Most of these ships are operated by overseas Chinese living in Siam, and almost all the crew members are from China. During the Qianlong period, businessmen were allowed to go to Siam to purchase rice. Chaozhou quickly developed an ocean-going sailing team. Commonly known as "red-headed boat" (the bow is painted red).
Chaozhou ocean-going red-headed ships are mostly built in Siam. Early Qing dynasty. There are strict restrictions on shipbuilding and going to sea, and the procedures are very troublesome, which delays the time. Moreover, the domestic shipbuilding price is much higher than that of Siam. At that time, it was more convenient for chaozhou people to build ships in Siam. It's a teak skeleton and a teak boat board. This kind of wood is not produced in Chaozhou, and it is rare in China.
At first, the red-headed ship was operated by applying for importing rice, but this business was not profitable. Therefore, foreign ship owners changed to transport those profitable goods: they brought back exotic foreign bodies such as rhinoceros and jewelry from Nanyang, precious medicinal materials such as rhinoceros horn and cinnamon, Siamese silk, pepper spices, fanteng and other products, and only symbolically carried some rice for inquiry. Teak, mulberry branches, iron pear wood and other high-grade timber from Nanyang are also brought in as "pressing materials". Chaozhou goods shipped from Chaozhou to Nanyang include ceramics, Chaozhou embroidery, sculpture, garlic, hemp skin, rapeseed and so on. There are also ginseng, velvet antler, hides, silk and so on transferred from the north. These goods are very popular all over Nanyang with high profits. In recent years, the shipping industry has developed vigorously.
In addition to being wholly owned by wealthy businessmen and tycoons, Hongtou is also a joint venture, with one person taking the lead, recruiting people to join in, raising funds to build ships, and the bow is free. Only about 30% of shipping trade income is used as commission. The treatment of other personnel depends on the position. Basically, it is a joint venture of capital and services. It's very profitable to run ocean shipping. Red-headed ships set sail because there are often pirate activities along the coast of Fujian and Guangdong.
197 1 to 1972, two double-masted red-headed ships were unearthed in the riverbed of Zhou Nan and Hezhou near the site of Zhanglin Port. One of them is 39 meters long and five stories high. The other ship is 28 meters long, and the ship's side is engraved with "Guangdong Chaozhou Fu Double Mast Cai Wan Li Merchant Ship 145". According to research, these two ships were sailboats in Zhanglingu Port in Qing Dynasty.
1 On April 5 and 26, 1980, Singapore Post Office issued a set of "Early Ship History" ordinary stamps, including the design "Guangdong Red-headed Ship" with a face value of1min. The red-headed boat will be adopted as the emblem in Chenghai (Dragon) District of Thailand. In order to commemorate the immortal historical merits of the red-headed ship in the history of Sino-Thai friendly relations, Jessadabodindra of Bangkok Dynasty made 1 red sand ship model and stored it in Yeni Wa. The red-headed boat has benefited the local people a lot, so there is a folk song: "When the boat arrives, the mother pig is born, and the birds are whispering around the shed." The foreign ship sank. Sows are dizzy, birds are young, and flies are born. " This ballad reflects the status of the red-headed ship in people's minds, and also expresses the hope of ancestors Zhang Lin for the navigation industry.
Red-headed boat, a link between overseas Chinese and the motherland, was once a bridge for economic and cultural exchanges between China and other countries in the world. Zhang Lin, the hometown of red-headed boats, is a resounding name, which will always reverberate in the hearts of Southeast Asian countries and overseas Chinese.
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