Ancient poems with lasting charm are good at expressing rich meanings and delicate emotions in concise language. How do poets do it? Today we are going to learn a wonderful magic trick.

First, the poem "Guan Gong hits Qin Qiong"

I don't know if you have noticed a strange question after reading the poem "Going out of the Castle": Does the first sentence "The bright moon in Qin Dynasty is resting in Han Dynasty" really mean that the bright moon in Qin Dynasty shines on the portal of Han Dynasty? Do these two objects with different time really need to be understood separately, just like "Guan Gong vs Qin Qiong" in cross talk?

Of course, this understanding is wrong, because it does not conform to the reality of life. Then how do you understand this sentence? At this time, we must mention a writing skill, which is intertextuality.

The so-called intertextuality, also known as intertextuality, is a rhetorical method often used by ancient people when writing poems. When understanding intertextuality, we need to pay attention to the upper and lower sentences in a poem or two parts in a sentence, for example, the first sentence of "Chusai" is the latter. This sentence seems to say two things, in fact, the two objects echo each other, express each other and say the same thing. When we understand, we should also complement the related meanings of the two objects to express a complete sentence. Therefore, the understanding of the first sentence of "going out of the fort" should be "the bright moon in Qin and Han dynasties shines on the border of Qin and Han dynasties", which has the feeling that "the bright moon is still there, the fortress is still there, and things are different", which makes people feel the cruelty and tragic war.

Have you understood and learned this intertextuality?

Second, the stone can't stop it.

If you ask the Huns on the border of the Han Dynasty which general they were afraid of, Li Guang, the "flying general", must be on the list! But they are all generals who have experienced countless wars. Why are Huns so afraid of Li Guang? This is because Li Guang is not only brave and good at fighting, but also superb in archery.

It is said that once Li Guang and his children were hunting in the north of Mingshan Mountain and found a tiger lying in the grass. Li Guang was not afraid at all. He drew his bow and shot the tiger calmly and killed the tiger with one arrow. Before animal protectionism, Li Guang used the tiger's skull as a pillow to show his bravery, and cast his toilet (similar to chamber pot's) in the shape of a tiger with copper to show that the tiger was so powerful.

Later, Li Guang and others hunted at the southern foot of Mingshan Mountain and found a tiger lying on the ground. Li Guang drew his bow and shot at the tiger, and the arrow whizzed past. The tail feather of the Dalian arrow shot in, but the tiger made no movement. Helpless, they took a closer look and found that it was not a tiger, but a big stone that looked like a tiger. When Li Guang saw the arrow shoot into the stone, he tried to shoot more arrows without restraint. As a result, the remaining arrows became dull, and none of them went into the stone.

This also proves the strength of people in times of crisis, even if the difficulties are rock-solid, no one can stop them as long as they make up their minds and master them skillfully!

Third, peaches and plums are self-sufficient.

As a general, Li Guang was brave and good at fighting, and made great contributions to the national defense of the Han Dynasty. He was also very modest and kind to his own army, and even the emperor of the dynasty and Khan of Xiongnu worshipped him very much. However, heroes don't always have happy endings. Due to the lack of guidance, the army led by Li Guang lost its way in the battle and failed to meet the army led by Wei Qing in time, which led to Huns Khan fleeing in the battle. Such a failure made Li Guang, who had been in the army for many years, ashamed. He couldn't stand being insulted by others, so he cut himself with a sword.

People who know or don't know him can't help crying for him when they hear the news. Historian Sima Qian praised him as "a peach and a plum without words, but a way of self-creation." Peaches and plums have fragrant flowers and sweet fruits. Although I can't speak, I can still attract many people to enjoy flowers and taste fruits under the tree, so that they can make a way under the tree. Li Guang's character and contribution are admirable. Although he has passed away, people will always remember him.

Fourth, Liangzhou is not "cool"

When students are studying ancient poetry, have they ever paid attention to the title and annotation of a poem? Liangzhou mentioned in the work is in Wuwei City, Gansu Province today. Does the name Liangzhou give people a feeling of yellow sand all over the sky and very desolate?

In fact, Liangzhou was not a desolate place in ancient times, but very prosperous. Liangzhou is located at the junction of the Central Plains and the surrounding ethnic minorities, and its folk customs are tough. Due to the dangerous terrain, Liangzhou has always been the military, political, economic and cultural center of the northwest region, and even five regimes, former cool, later cool, southern cool, northern cool and western cool, have successively established their capitals here.

In the Tang Dynasty, Liangzhou was the only place for many western businessmen. Western businessmen from Turkic, Uighur, Taishi and Persia trafficked jewelry, spices and other items to the Central Plains, and brought China's silk and porcelain back to the mainland. Liangzhou City, where they stopped, became very noisy and became the capital of trade, with a vibrant scene. This has also achieved the reputation of Liangzhou as "the ancient capital of five grains", "the capital of Liang Yong" and "the city of dreams". When Liangzhou is mentioned so far, people will still think of ancient trade. Foreign businessmen are laughing and laughing, camels are chewing forage under their bodies, and camel bells hanging around their necks make a gentle creak. ...

5. Grapes are "toxic" into wine.

When it comes to grapes, we may think of fruit grapes, candied raisins and a kind of wine-wine. Although wine is not a specialty of our country, it was introduced to our country long ago. More than two thousand years ago, Zhang Qian, an envoy to the Western Regions, brought back grapes and wine, and also brought back the legend of wine.

Legend has it that a long time ago, there was a Persian king who loved grapes very much. He always put them tightly in a big pottery jar and marked them as "poisonous" to prevent people from stealing them. A few days later, a concubine in the king's harem was tired of life. In order to get rid of such a day, she drank a drink made of grapes in a pottery jar marked "toxic" without authorization. Unexpectedly, a delicious "toxic" drink, instead of ending her life, made her extremely excited. So, the princess is full of confidence in life again. She picked up a glass of wine she had tasted and handed it to the king, who also appreciated it after drinking it. From then on, the king ordered the ripe grapes to be collected and fermented in a container. Slowly, wine was produced.

Is this story similar to an ancient myth in China? Everyone wants to end his life with "toxic" things, but he gets unexpected results. Guess what this myth is?