"Face value, water spirit, figure and temperament" is the evaluation standard of beauty in the world, and this standard is also applicable to the evaluation of jade.
Since ancient times, heroes have been sad about beauty, and the beauty in the world is nothing more than beauty. There is nothing better than jewels and jade in the world. "Face value, water, figure and temperament" are the standards of beauty, while in jade appreciation, the words "color, water, land and work" are the standards. This sentence comes from Gao Guozhi, the first curator of geological museum, Henan Province, and the judicial appraiser of Henan Gemstone Association. Gao Guozhi, who is 80 years old, has been active in the gem field of the Central Plains.
"The color, water, soil and workmanship of jade are easily reminiscent of the color, fragrance, taste and shape of food." "Looking, smelling, asking and feeling" in TCM; The "life, Dan, purity and ugliness" of China's traditional operas; The words "speak, learn, tease and sing" in cross talk are concise and to the point, which makes people have a clear and recognizable cognition in an instant.
Appearance characteristics are color, transparency, purity and visual recognition characteristics. Among them, color (hue, saturation, lightness) is one of the main criteria to identify jewelry and jade, and it is also an important factor to evaluate quality and influence value. Transparency refers to the degree to which a gem allows visible light to pass through, which can be observed with a spotlight flashlight; The purity depends on the number of inclusions and cracks in the gem. The characteristics of naked eye recognition mainly include polychromatic color, luster, dispersion and luminescence (fluorescence or phosphorescence).
As the name implies, the internal structure is the internal structure of a gem. According to the optical properties of gemstones (mineral single crystals), they can be divided into isotropic and anisotropic gemstones, which can be distinguished by a simple polarizer. Anisotropic gemstones can be divided into mesomorphic group (uniaxial crystal) and low crystal family (biaxial crystal) according to their optical properties. The structure of jade (mineral aggregate) mainly includes fiber metamorphic structure (such as Hetian jade), columnar metamorphic structure (such as clinopyroxene in jadeite) and granular structure (such as quartzite).
Physical properties theoretically include mechanical properties, optical properties, special optical effects and thermal properties. In practical application, we can refer to the refractive index (transparent gemstone), specific gravity (jadeite), hardness, dispersion and so on shown in the gemstone appraisal certificate.
Buying or collecting jewelry and jade is essentially the pursuit of beauty and a positive spiritual demand. Everyone has a love of beauty. A person's pursuit of good things can reflect his spiritual realm. Teacher Gao said: "The color, water, workmanship and appearance are all good, pleasing to the eye, and everyone likes it." I can't put it down and enjoy it. Once I have it, it will exist forever. "
Collect and buy "four characters" skills. Can be compared according to the standards of human identification of beauty. The dimensions of beauty we see mainly include rosy face, watery skin, figure (that is, measurements) and clothing.
Color is color: color is the visual effect of visible light entering people's eyes: 85% of people's memory components depend on vision. Color in physics has three elements: hue, saturation and brightness. Any one of these elements changes, which can make people feel different colors. People always want colored gems to be pure, bright and bright. Emerald is like a green light at a traffic intersection; Ruby is as red as pigeon blood; Aquamarine is as blue as the sea.
Water is watery: transparent. The main factors affecting the transparency of jewelry are the number of inclusions and cracks and the smoothness of the gem surface. For example, beryl can only become emerald if it is transparent, bright green and has few inclusions.
Ground is the foundation: refers to the texture of a gem. Dense, fine and high purity is better. For example, jadeite includes: ice land, lotus root powder land, blue and white land, porcelain land, and the worst is called shit land.
Work is technology: it refers to processing technology, such as "if a jade is not cut, it will not be finished." Jade processing is the process of realizing the design of various jade processing techniques to maximize the aesthetic feeling of jade: exquisite jewelry works of art can maximize its commercial value. For example, among the four grading standards of diamonds-color, clarity, cut and quality, cut is one of the key factors, because cut diamonds can get the best brightness and clear fire color.