2, jewelry production steps:

(a) from the version

Starting with a version, as the name implies, is to make a sample version for mass production. At present, there are mainly three kinds of lifting plates used: manual carving, manual lifting and computer carving. Hand-carved wax plate is to carve the model directly on the design drawing with paraffin wax, and then reverse-mold the silver plate or copper plate with lost wax casting process. The manual version is made of pure silver or copper, and the design pattern is made by hand. Due to the huge loss of manual carving and the inaccuracy of carving, computer carving technology appeared. It can be said that computer wax sculpture complements the shortcomings of manual wax sculpture and manual lifting, greatly improving the speed and accuracy. Lifting the plate is the first process of jewelry processing, and the plate keeps up well, which also plays an important role in the later production process.

(2) Glue pressing mold and glue opening mold

Glue-pressing mold is the original made in the first step, which is placed between the raw films with glue on both sides of the tofu block. The gaps, depressions and embedded stones on the original are filled by different ways of plugging, winding and mending, and then pressed firmly with a die press after preheating. This basically forms a rubber mold. Since the original is placed in the plastic mold, the next thing to do is to carefully cut the pressed plastic mold according to the original model with tools such as a knife and take out the original inside. In the process of cutting, the weight of the next knife will directly affect the wax injection, because the plastic mold must be operated by a skilled master.

(3) injecting wax (mold) and trimming wax mold

The rubber mold after taking out the original is the perfect model. As long as carefully used and maintained, rubber molds can greatly improve the quality and quantity for our large-scale processing and production. Open two erasers, and you will see that the middle is empty, which is the gap we left. At this time, paraffin was injected and a wax model came out. After the injected paraffin is cooled, it is taken out, the defects are corrected and the size is modified, and a wax model is completed.

(4) planting wax trees (weighing)

Arrange the modified wax patterns and plant them evenly on the finger-sized wax branches. According to the size of the wax model, each wax tree will plant about forty or fifty pieces. The next thing is very important. If this link is omitted, it is impossible to estimate the weight of metal to be distributed, and the wax tree becomes useless. Plant wax trees on the rubber base with registered weight, then weigh the total weight, calculate the weight of wax trees, and then weigh the metal according to the density ratio of paraffin to casting metal, so as to estimate the amount of metal to be cast. Generally speaking, the continental weight is in grams, and the international weight is in grams.

(5) Filling the gypsum tube and vacuumizing.

Put the planted wax tree and rubber base on a stainless steel cylinder, stir gypsum powder and water (the ratio is generally 2-2.5: 1, using distilled water) to form gypsum slurry, and then vacuum. Vacuum cleaning is a very important link. If there is foam in gypsum slurry, it will affect the casting effect and cause problems such as jewelry hair blank. After vacuumizing, gypsum slurry should be slowly injected along the inner wall of stainless steel pipe until the wax tree is about 1cm, and then the second vacuumizing can be carried out. Note that the gypsum paddle must not be poured directly on the wax tree, because the wax model is very fragile, and the external force will break the wax model, which may become waste after casting.

(6) Gypsum is naturally solidified and baked.

After the second vacuum pumping, the gypsum pipe must be naturally solidified before it can be put into the electric furnace for baking. In fact, the function of baking is to use high temperature to bake off the paraffin mold inside the stainless steel pipe, which can also be called wax loss. Pay attention when putting it into the electric furnace, because the metal is injected directly from the bottom of the branches of the wax tree, so it must be placed in the posture of a fallen tree. When baking, it depends on the size and complexity of the wax tree.

(7) melting gold and casting.

The prepared metal is melted into molten metal by a vacuum suction casting machine or a vacuum induction centrifugal casting machine, poured into a dried stainless steel cylinder, then naturally cooled, the gypsum is washed off by chemicals, and a metal tree is freshly baked. Carefully cut off the blanks one by one from the metal tree, and then the blanks can be repaired, also known as die holding.

(8) mold fixing

This is the first step in the processing of semi-finished products. The cut empty support shall be welded, filed, clamped, hammered and stored according to the requirements of the passenger list, and the deformation and surface roughness of the empty support shall be trimmed to make it smooth and free from sand holes (small holes). Corrosion of some chemical raw materials (potassium cyanide, etc.) after the mold is held. ) is used to remove dirt on the surface of empty gold holder and polish it with a magnetic grinder.

(9) Mosaic and edge preservation

Mosaic is to embed the prepared stone into the fried empty bracket according to the requirements of the style with pliers, hammers and other tools. When embedding, parking spaces should be arranged according to the shape and size of stone materials, and stones with different requirements should be stably embedded in a flat, tidy and stable manner. Because it is inlaid with tools such as pliers, the edges and claws are trimmed for grinding.

(10) polishing

Tools to be used for polishing include yellow cloth roller, white cloth roller, large and small brushes, inner velvet rod and other tools. The surface of semi-finished products is thoroughly polished by high-speed electric flying saucer machine and grinder.

(1 1) electroplating

Electroplating is divided into gold and silver, and different metals have different electroplating methods. There are two ways of electroplating, one is pen electroplating, also called notebook computer. It is to dip an electric pen in golden water and gently touch the metal surface to turn the metal into white and gold, which plays a very good decorative role. However, because the electroplating surface is too small, it is only suitable for electroplating light trinkets or for decoration renovation. Another way is covering electroplating, also known as hydropower. Using the conventional plating equipment, the jewelry is bound by water and electricity and put into the prepared golden water. At a certain PH value and temperature, the gold ions in the gold plating solution are gradually transferred to the metal surface of jewelry through the electrochemical reaction between the positive and negative electrode currents and the plating solution. Electroplated jewelry has an excellent protective effect on the surface, so it is extremely corrosive and difficult to change color after long-term wear. After electroplating, a perfect jewelry product is finished.