Wang Fu (about 85- 162) was born in Lin Jing (now Zhenyuan, Gansu), Anding County, Han nationality. Live in seclusion for life The book "On the Latent Husband" criticizes the gains and losses of current politics, explores the skills of governing the country and reassuring the people, and embodies an honest scholar's caring attitude towards the country and people's livelihood. Its seclusion itself is also a passive resistance to the dark and turbid world.
Official history
Wang Fu byte letter, settle Lin Jing people also. Less studious, interested in exercise, get along with Ma Rong, Zhang Dou, Zhang Heng, Cui Yuan, etc. Being stable and vulgar, but having no family, is despised by the villagers. Since Ping 'an, officials have traveled all over the world, recommended by the pawnbroker, while Geng Jie is different from the secular and cannot be promoted. He wrote more than 30 books in seclusion, mocking what he lost at that time, but unwilling to show his face, so he called it On the Hidden Husband. It refers to a short period of time. It is enough to observe the political situation at that time and write five articles about it.
"Your loyalty" yue:
Heaven is respected by the husband and man is nurtured by the emperor. Today, people and ministers are in an important position as monarchs and love rural life. How can they benefit from anxiety and help them? A gentleman thinks of others, while a gentleman thinks of sages. I won't complain up and down in my former residence, and I won't hate it in front. "Book" says that "day workers take their place". The king builds an official according to law, but the wise master does not dare to give it privately, and the loyal minister does not dare to fake it. Stealing other people's money is also called stealing, and stealing Tianguan is selfish! If the criminal is punished, he will be punished. If the situation is unnatural, will he be blameless? The ministers of the Five Dynasties served the monarch with Tao, cared for the vegetation, and the benevolent was led to the soil, taking the blessing as the foundation. This branch is immortal. The minister of Ji's family flattered the Lord, did not think about the weather, and offered his staff to the war. Meng Tian and Qin thought merit, but heaven thought thief; Xifu, Dong Xian, the Lord thinks loyalty, and the sky thinks stealing. "Yi" said: "It is rare to have a thin morality and respect for position, a small wisdom and a big ambition." Therefore, if virtue is not called, its disaster will be cold; If you can't weigh it, the damage will be great. Those who steal a husband's position are deprived of their wisdom by heaven, although they have insight and benevolence. Once he is rich, he will donate his old age with his backbone, lose his sincerity and make friends with his own flesh and blood, so he will make a difference. He would rather know friends than lend him money, knowing that he has accumulated a bad warehouse, but he is reluctant to lend him a fight. The flesh and blood complain about the family, and the fine people slander. The seniors defeated them and then confronted them. Honesty will hurt them.
Looking back, what is the difference between the intentions of former politicians and babies? Babies often get sick, your ministers often have accidents, parents often get lost, and people are always there. Babies are often sick and injured because of satiety; Your minister is always in trouble, which hurts your pet. Breast milk leads to epilepsy, wealth leads to arrogance. Those who love their children and steal them, and those who are arrogant and destroy them, are not one. Those who were executed were those who died in prison and held knives in the city. Isn't it useless and harmful to others The old bird nests on the mountain, and the fish penetrates the hole with the spring as shallow, and the pawn gets the bait. Noble relatives want their houses to be auspicious and famous, and their doors to be firm and iron hinges. Those who lose because of it are not bitter but taboo, but decadent, often worship wealth and goods, and behave arrogantly.
They are disobedient and don't educate people, but they want to indulge their private wisdom, steal the monarchy, oppose heaven and earth, and deceive the gods. Living in the danger of egg accumulation, the picture is too safe; Isn't it confusing to think about the merits handed down from generation to generation for the morning dew trip? Is it confusing?
"Floating luxury articles" yue:
The king takes the four seas as his home and Zhaoren (5) as his son. If the husband does not plow, the world will be hungry; If women don't knit, the world will be cold. Today, we should abandon local farmers and favor businessmen, fill roads with cattle and horses, and fill cities with skillful hands, with fewer servants and more mobile diners. "Shangyiyi ⑥, Fangji ⑥." Today, when we look at Luoyang, there are more entrepreneurs than farmers, and there are more hypocritical wanderers than end industries. If it is, a man cultivates, a hundred people eat, a woman mulberries, a hundred people dress, and one gives a hundred, who can provide it! There are hundreds of counties and thousands of cities in the world. The ending of the story is not enough for each other. * * * Is it safe from hunger and cold? Cold and hunger. * * * Can Ann not cheat? There are many traitors. Can an official be safe without being harsh? Add a few harsh words, and you will be safe? If there are too many people who are worried about complaining, blame them and sign them. The people are bored, and disasters come from heaven, endangering the country.
A poor man gives birth to wealth, a weak man gives birth to strength, a chaotic husband gives birth to culture, and a dangerous husband gives birth to safety. Therefore, the king of Ming dynasty should support the people, worry about them, teach them, be cautious about them, prevent them from sprouting and cut off their evil. Therefore, Yi's Beauty Festival is based on the system, which does not harm money or people. The poem "July" is taught by all ages, so start all over again. From this perspective, people can't sell themselves short.
Nowadays, people are extravagant in food, clothing, housing and transportation, and are used to bullying the weak and fearing the hard. Or to seek rape as a career, or to travel around and hide from Tibet. Ding Fu swam up the hill hand in hand with pills and bullets, without plowing or hoeing. Or it is good to sell medicine by borrowing soil, but it is not enough to prevent bandits and thieves, and it is not enough to ban rats and birds. Or make a clay truck and a tile dog as a teasing tool to deceive children skillfully. It's all useless
"Poetry" stabbed "If the performance is not good, the city will shake." Women, on the other hand, don't practice, feed the attending, take off silkworms and weave, and learn witchcraft to make wishes, inspire the gods, deceive the people and confuse their wives and daughters. A sickly family, full of worries and resentment, is easily frightened. When you want to escape, you have to leave the house, the rugged roadside, the cold damage, the benefits of traitors, and the thieves. To make matters worse, as for death, I don't know that witches cheated me, but I hate God's night. This demon is even more wrong.
Or draw a picture (1 1) and write a congratulatory message; Or show off the rhetoric, hoping to get happiness; Or fold the golden color to make it wide; Or cut off many strands and wrap them around your wrist; Or cut and sew. It's a waste of money, a thousand efforts, and breaking the prison is fake (12). Easy to make difficult, a waste of time. Fushan forest can't be used for wildfires, and rivers and seas can't be leaked, so it should be banned.
In the past, Emperor Xiaowen bowed his head and changed his belt (13). Now, the capital is very expensive, and food, clothing, housing and transportation, and motels are luxurious and solid. In addition, his concubines are all in the literary groups of Cai Die, Splendid Wan Qi, Gezi Shengyue (14) and Guanzhong Nvbu (15). Rhinoceroses are like pearls and jade, tiger spirits, hidden rocks and mountains, and gold and silver are carved by mistake, which is beautiful and beautiful. His married man, whose car is miles away, is riding a slave to wait on the children, holding his wheel hub and leading him. The rich compete with each other, and the poor are ashamed of their incompetence. The cost of a meal will ruin their career. The ancients must have a life, and then they have clothes and silks and ride horses. Although they can't go back to the ancients today, it is desirable to let the elite use the system of filial piety.
In ancient times, those who were buried were rewarded with thick clothes and buried in the middle of the field, and there were countless mourning periods. Later sages used coffins, paulownia as coffins, and the lattice material was seal (16), so they could not go into the spring and gave off a stench. After the Middle Ages, we switched to Catalpa bungeana, Sophora japonica, Cypress and other genera, and cut the glue paint according to local conditions to make it firm and sufficient, that's all. Today, the capital is noble and expensive, and it must be the wood of the south of the Yangtze River. Remote soil is also competing to release the effect. The husband went far away to cut mountains and lead poor valleys, and the Huaihe River went into the sea, which provoked Luo to go against the current. The craftsmen carved it carefully, and the sun and the moon dragged on, and then the people moved. Later, there were many cows and weighed a thousand kilograms, which made great contributions, while Dunhuang in the east and Dunhuang in the west hurt farmers in Wan Li. An ancient tomb is not a grave, and a middle grave is not a worship. Zhong Ni lost his mother, and the grave is four feet high. It collapsed in the rain. The disciple asked him to repair it, and the master cried, "The ancient tomb will not be repaired." And carp also died, with coffins but without coffins. Wendi buried Zhiyang and Ming Di buried Luonan. Neither of them had hidden jewels, nor could they afford mountains and tombs. Although the mausoleum is simple, it has the highest morality. Today, Beijing is an aristocratic family, and the county is an aristocratic family. If you don't support yourself, you will die. Or go to the Golden Jade Box, bury more precious dolls, build a big tomb, plant pine and cypress widely, and worship the Lushe Ancestral Hall. Bi, the tomb of Cheng Nan, Duke Zhou was unfaithful and unfilial. He thinks that praising you for loving your dad is not for amassing wealth and making a name for yourself, nor is it a horse and cart effort. In the past, Duke Ling of Jin carved a wall, but in the Spring and Autumn Period he thought it was not a gentleman. Huayuan and Leju buried Wen Gong with great care, but the gentleman thought that he was not a minister and had a poor position, but he could usurp the tyrant and cross the heaven.
"Authentic Tribute" said:
The country prospers because of virtue and declines because of flattery; You are loyal and safe, and you are dangerous. This ancient and modern theory, when * * * know also. However, if the country is in danger, it will die, and there will be no loyal people, and honesty will not work. Between ten steps, there will be lush grass; There must be loyalty in a city with ten rooms. Therefore, there are three benevolence in the chaos, and the little guard is a gentleman. Today, when great men have a vast territory, a large number of scholars, a clear court, and revisions, there are no good officials and no good ministers. If there is no sage at this time, please ask me (17). There are few people who aspire to the Tao, and those who follow the customs pay more attention to the domain, so it is more realistic to seek personal gain by cronies. This Gong is no longer allowed according to its quality, but a fake reputation and a fake feather. A little, at the age of 200. Judging from its shape, you will be virtuous and graceful, rare and middle-aged, and you will be promoted and self-improved. A gentleman values use and needs no preparation. Therefore, although the four friends are beautiful, they cannot have both; When Sanren is together, things are different. High-impedance life, from the death of Qin; It is also rash to dare to be a scholar. In times of peace, there are no scholars on the cloud!
If the imperial edict of the husband is also, the sum of loyal ministers is also. Length and size, turbidity and disease must correspond. Also attack jade with stones, wash gold with salt, roll brocade with fish, and wash cloth with ash. Husband and property are cheap and expensive, and the good ones are ugly. The wise man abandons the short and takes the long to make it successful. Today's Gong is certainly honest, but there are some minor flaws, so the clothes should not be too strong (18). The source is speechless, because on the one hand, Xiao, Cao, Zhou and Han Zhilun are insufficient, and Wu, Deng, Liang and Dou each belong to one. Confucius said, "Does the husband have no thoughts?"
"Love Heaven" said:
A country is a country because it has people. People are people because there is a valley. The valley is fertile because it has people's advantages. Merit can be established because it can be established during the day. The days of transforming the country are long, so its people are leisurely and can relax; The days of chaos in the country are short, so its people are in trouble and helpless. Comfortable elders don't mean that xi is safe, but that you are quiet and capable. Those who promote the short term do not mean that the index loss is reduced, but that the upper part is chaotic and the strength is insufficient. Confucius said, "If you are flat, you will be rich, and if you are rich, you will teach.". Therefore, propriety and righteousness are born in abundance, and theft begins in poverty; Abundance comes from leisure, and poverty comes from idleness. The sage knows that the people are the foundation of the country, so he keeps the corvee and makes him love the sky. So he got Yao's instructions: "If you respect heaven, you should respect people." . When I was in Ming Di, buses were forbidden to play on Anti-Support Day (19). When I heard this, I was shocked: "The people abandoned agriculture and mulberry, and came from afar, but they were detained by taboos. What is the meaning of politics! " So I took control of the situation. Today, the people are wronged and blame others, while the leaders rely on heaven, and the people abandon agriculture and mulberry and go to the government. They will continue on their way, and they can't get through unless they feed North Korea. Or a few days and months, look at each other more; Or move to a nearby place to feed. Since the old work is lost, is there no hungry person in the world?
Confucius said, "I am still a human being when I hear about the lawsuit." From then on, the upper middle school can talk about merits and demerits, and the township pavilion can train officials and make decisions. However, many kinds of songs are wasted and covered up by reasons. If the husband is straight, he will be inflexible by power, while if he works, he will flatter his intentions. If you don't pay attention to officials, you can see it in private law. If things are repeated, officials should sit down. Officials have to waste in court because they should sit down. Is it invincible to sue those rich officials in order to win over several parties of the people? County officials said, so it's the same. If things are repeated, the county should also sit on it. The reason why the county seat is ranked in the county seat is because it is necessary to sit in the right place. Is it reasonable to despise a citizen and sue a county? Things happen again and again, and the county has settled down. The county seat ranks in the state because it is * * *. How can a person's contempt win a lawsuit in a county? Because he refused to pay attention to this matter, he stayed away from the government. The government can't censor, but it should be delayed by the sun and the moon. The poor and weak can't live for ten days, but the strong and rich can build a thousand days. If so, why waste it? Honest people are full of resentment and don't read the letter, while liars worship traitors and don't sit down. This king is so miserable that the world is so poor.
In addition to the pain caused by heaven, there are also people's merits. From the three prefectures and counties, there are 100,000 officials in the township and county departments, people who have dropped their charges and people who are connected with their official duties in one day. One person has something to do, and two people run, just for 300 thousand people to waste their business one day. As far as middle peasants are concerned, three million people are starving. However, how can thieves sell and how can peace be achieved? The poem says, "Who doesn't want to think about chaos without parents?" Not enough people, who is enough? You can be thoughtless! You can be thoughtless!
"Forgive" yue:
Anyone who treats a disease must know the deficiency and excess of pulse and the knot of qi, and then take a prescription, then the disease can be cured and the life span can be long. For the country, he will predict the people's suffering and disaster, and then ban it, so rape can stop and the country can be safe. Today, thieves and good citizens are worse than several pardons (2 1). If you forgive and redeem, the wicked will prosper and the good will be hurt. Why is it clear? Those who are sincere to their husbands, don't go wrong, are honest for officials, don't avoid strong defense, and make false testimony know that they will forgive them soon. A good man and a gentleman, Qian Qian, thousands of wronged people, can speak for themselves; Among several people, there is only one question; Those sent to Shangshu for nothing will be dealt with again. His frivolous and treacherous ways were not only caught in the criminal law, but also killed by the bitter family in order to understand the anger of livestock, but all of them were forgiven, which made the wicked praise the high society, the old thief took Zang (22) to the door, the dutiful son dared not seek revenge, and the stolen one dared not take it. Very painful!
A husband who grows weeds harms crops, while a traitor steals good people. "Book" said: "Wen Wang is punished, and the punishment is unforgivable." The criminal law enacted by the former king was not good at hurting people's skin and killing them. You threatened rape and punished evil, except others. Therefore, it is said that "destiny has virtue, and five clothes and five chapters are good." Heaven is guilty, five sentences and five uses. "Poetry" stabbed "He should be guilty, but you should take it off". The ancients only obeyed orders, inherited chaos, and it was difficult to ban the law. Therefore, they must have a pardon, renew it, and educate all people to achieve greatness. It is not a crime to raise traitors, nor is it a crime to connive at thieves. The man who hates his husband, the wolf of the people, has no intention of repentance, although he has to let go. Once you take off the heavy shackles, you are still embarrassed at night, and you are strict with Yin. You can't cut it. Why? There are too many people who dare to be big traitors, but they can flatter themselves. Spend more money, use flattering words to drive each other up, unless there is the integrity of the fifth male, who doesn't care? Commentators often say: "if you don't forgive for a long time, traitors will run rampant and officials will not care." It is recommended to count to four to dissolve it (23). "This did not reveal the origin of political chaos, nor did it examine the birth of misfortune.
Later, Liao general Huang was dismissed from his post and restored stability. Some villagers were the magistrate of Yanmen who bought goods, but they also left their jobs and returned home to write a book about the rules. Not in line with the rules. Go in and ask, "Is it nice to eat wild geese in the county before you die?" After a while, Wang Fu was at the door. Hearing the name of the operator, I jumped up in shock, and I didn't have enough clothes. I went out to pick you up in my shoes, and I returned it for the operator. I'm glad to sit with him. Man-made words say, "It is better to see two thousand stones than to sew (25)." Some people say that virtue is precious. Operator is not official, and finally got home.
"Were Wang Fu biography" Volume 79
[Note and release]
(1) Seek material feelings: denounce and condemn physical feelings. Chen, responsibility. (2) Pastoral love: governing the people loved by the Emperor of Heaven. Herdsmen govern the people. 3 convenience: people who are good at flattering. 4 refined people: people with low status; Defamation, complaint. 5 trillion people: trillion people, all of them. ⑥ Shangyi Yongrong: The shopping mall is prosperous. Full-fledged. ⑦ Square is the pole: it is the center of the square. The symptoms of the disaster appear together. Don't beat their hemp: women don't beat their hemp; Dance in the market: Dance in the market. Indications: No housework. (1 1) depicting tapirs: cutting and painting with beautiful silk. (12) Breaking the prison into the void: it is useless to destroy solid things. (13) Bow dress: wearing thick black silk. Easy, pass "black", black. (14) kudzu rose to Yue: it refers to fine kudzu cloth and Yue cloth. Son, all right. Ascension, 80 strands of ancient cloth are ascending. Miscellaneous Notes of the Book of Rites: "Fifteen liters of court clothes." According to 15 liter, it is two feet and two inches, including 1200 strands, so it is fine cloth. (15) Female cloth in the tube: refers to the fine cloth in the tube. Yang Xiong's "Shu Du Fu": "The cloth is a spider, but the wind is invisible. Tube Huang Run, a few gold at one end. " (16) kudzu vine sealing: tie it tightly with kudzu vine. Cai,. Sealing and binding. (17) I can definitely accept it honestly: I think it's because the name used is not true. Trust, expectation. Good, bad, against. (18) Don't force yourself to wear clothes: Don't hide. (19) Don't take the bus against Japan: Because it's a bad day, don't take the bus order to receive the letter from the subjects. Anti-Japanese Day, according to the ancient astrological saying, is a bad day. (20) Litigation: I am similar to others in litigation. (2 1) Nothing is greater than several pardons: Nothing is greater than many pardons and atonement. (22) Old stolen clothes: I have stolen clothes and worn stolen goods before. (23) number: repeated; Four: forgive mistakes. Indulge, indulge. Come on, pass the ball. (24) Bai: Leave. (25) Sewing: large clothes and single clothes. Ancient Confucian scholars wore it. "Book of Rites Confucianism": "Confucius said:' When you live in Shandong in autumn, clothes are everything. ”"