1. Classification of jade:
At present, the most popular high-quality jadeite varieties in the world are jadeite from Myanmar and nephrite from China. The value of high-quality emeralds is comparable to that of diamonds. In addition, Iranian and China turquoise and Afghan lapis lazuli are enduring. There are also Russian-made magnesite, almandine, Australian chrysotile, Brazilian hibiscus, tiger's eye, agate, Xiuyu in China, Chawoshi (hydrogrossular) in Kenya, nephrite in Canada and New Zealand.
2.ABC goods
Emeralds are divided into:
Natural jadeite -A
Optimize jadeite -AB
Treatment of jadeite -B, c, B+C
Emerald counterfeit
A: Natural jadeite is produced in nature without any artificial processing or treatment.
B: It's full of jade. After chemical treatment to remove impurities, resin is filled, which improves cleanliness and aesthetics, but destroys natural structure and durability. Scientific Name: Emerald (Filling Treatment)
C goods: dyed jadeite. After physical and chemical treatment and artificial coloring, jadeite is artificially beautified. Scientific Name: Emerald (Dyeing Treatment)
B+C goods: filled and dyed jadeite. After physical and chemical treatment, impurities are removed, the cleanliness of filling dyeing and laser coloring is improved, the original natural structure and durability of jadeite are destroyed, and jadeite is artificially beautified, so the scientific name is jadeite (filling dyeing).
* The essence of jadeite treatment is the transformation of inferior jadeite, with the purpose of transforming jadeite to a beautiful degree. But if you don't explain it in business activities and don't show the real situation, it is fraud.
AB goods: acid-washed jadeite. Mild or moderate pickling and bleaching, without filling treatment, improves the cleanliness and beauty of jadeite, but changes the original structure of jadeite and reduces its durability (strength). Scientific name: Emerald (Rinse)
Jade is not as transparent as possible. Most jadeites are opaque. You are talking about jade.
* Emerald: red is Fei and green is Cui.
The most valuable thing about jade is that the whole jade is green in color and has a good water head (transparency).
Common jadeite varieties are:
Glass floor: jade, delicate structure (small spots), translucent. Represented by "water head", the water is 3mm thick and the jade is translucent. The second kind of water is 6mm thick jade, which is translucent. Generally, jadeites that reach dichotomy are good glass floors.
Egg white floor: It is a kind of turbid glass floor with poor transparency.
Youqing land: it is the main color of Laokeng jadeite, with delicate texture and dark color. Colors are oil cyan, bean cyan, gray cyan, blue cyan and so on.
Dry land: rough and opaque.
* The glass floor has good water head and strong luster. It is the top grade of jadeite and is deeply loved by people. Dry land is dull in color and dull in workmanship, which is unpopular.
The authenticity and quality of other jade
Because there are too many, I only tell you the solid characteristics of jade.
1. Shihua: There are small clumps of white fibrous crystals with poor transparency intertwined in jadeite. Different from phenocrysts, phenocrysts are transparent, while stone flowers are slightly transparent and opaque.
2. Color: The color of jadeite is uneven, with different shades of green or black on the white background, lotus root powder, oil green and bean green on the bottom, that is, there are different shades on the green background.
3. Grease glass luster: jade has bright luster, good polishing degree, bright and soft strong glass luster.
4. Strong hydrophilicity: drop a drop of water on the finished jade, and the water drop protrudes higher.
* Everything else is "mottled crystal interwoven structure, inclusions, density and refractive index". Only people who need instruments and geological foundation can understand it. The flowers that laymen look at will become more and more messy, so I won't write it.
* There are also many nephrite imitations, including afghanistan white jade imitation of Hetian jade in Xinjiang and Xiuyan imitation of sheep fat jade. (Especially in Xinjiang, there are almost no Hetian jade deposits, and there is no market for it. Now it is noisy to tens of millions. )
The difference between similar jade, it is best to buy a book of jewelry and jade identification, there are too many, first, it will take some time to finish reading.
* A good book: Gem Identification, published by 48 yuan Geo University, Li,.
Variety and Appreciation of Jade Dai, 39 yuan, Yunnan Science and Technology Press.
China Stone Appreciation Series-Gemstones, edited by Zhong Gongpei, 20 yuan, Zhejiang University Press.
* This is the textbook Petrology of Colleges and Universities compiled by Le Changshuo of Wuhan Institute of Geology, published by Geological Society, 12 yuan.