How to identify jewelry 1? Specific color
Color is the primary factor of jewelry aesthetic feeling. The color difference between real jewelry and fake jewelry is obvious. Natural jewelry is natural in color, while synthetic gems are often over-decorated and unnatural. The biggest feature of natural sapphire is uneven color, while synthetic sapphire is uniform color. Artificial jadeite is often dark green, too green and unnatural in color.
Step 2 be clear
Clarity refers to the transparency and cleanliness of gemstones. Use a magnifying glass with a magnification of 10 to observe whether there are cracks, flaws and scratches on jewelry. Generally, synthetic jewelry has fewer defects and cleaner interior. Through the clarity, it is helpful to identify the authenticity of jewelry.
Observe and think
Thinking is the process of jewelry processing. Distinguishing the quality of jewelry cutting and polishing is also helpful to distinguish the authenticity of jewelry. Because natural jewelry has smooth surface, strong refractive index and sharp edges after polishing; But synthetic gems are often rough and round after polishing. Natural products of the same size look more exquisite than man-made products, and the cutting edges are even and symmetrical.
4. Card Weight Method
Card weight method is a method to distinguish the authenticity of jewelry with the same volume by weighing. For example, gemstones polished with artificial zirconia crystals are similar in appearance to diamonds and are the most ideal substitutes for diamonds. It's difficult to distinguish fake diamonds from real ones when they are put together. For example, put diamonds and zircon with the same volume together and weigh them, with diamonds being heavy and zircon being light. Similarly, for pearls, natural pearls are heavy and artificial pearls are light.
5. Optical identification method
Check the jewelry you want to buy under a covered desk lamp, put down the lampshade to keep the light out of your eyes, and then put the jewelry on the edge of the lampshade, so that half of it is in the light, half in the dark, and half in the light is illuminated by light. Constantly changing the angle of a gem can expose all its defects.
6. Hardness identification method
Hardness is the hardness of each piece of jewelry. Internationally, the hardness of jewelry is classified as 10.
Talc: hardness 1 feldspar: hardness 6
Gypsum: Hardness 2 Time: Hardness 7
Calcite: Hardness 3 Topaz: Hardness 8
Fluorite: hardness 4 corundum (sapphire): hardness 9
Apatite: diamond (diamond) with hardness of 5: hardness 10.
The above 10 grades are arranged according to relative hardness. If you have two gems in your hand, you should grind them harder. If the detected jewelry is damaged, it is a fake, and the intact jewelry is the real thing. For gems with hardness above Grade 9, such as diamonds, emeralds, rubies, sapphires, etc., if they have been polished into diamond shapes, they can be scratched on angular glass. If they can cut glass, it means they are genuine, and vice versa.
7. Test the speed of heat conduction
Natural gemstones are slow to respond to external cold and heat changes. In winter, the surface of real gems often forms a thick fog with breathing, which will soon disappear.
The above identification methods can only roughly identify the authenticity of jewelry. In order to accurately judge jewelry, we must use sophisticated identification instruments, such as gem magnifying glass, refractometer, thermal conductivity meter and so on. , to determine the refractive index, density and thermal conductivity.
Jewelry cleaning should be treated differently according to the hardness and characteristics of the material.
(1) Materials with high hardness, such as diamonds, emeralds, rubies and sapphires, have relatively stable structural characteristics and long-lasting colors. Even if there is dirt, it can be washed with clear water. If the effect is not ideal, you can use detergent solution to clean the jewelry, that is, first soak the jewelry in a small basin of warm water containing neutral detergent, brush off the dirt on the back of the jewelry with a brush, then put the jewelry on the filter paper and wash it with warm water, and finally absorb the water with a dry cloth.
(2) Materials with moderate hardness, such as opal, garnet, jadeite, olivine and other jewelry, can only be lightly brushed with a soft brush dipped in washing liquid, and then wrapped with absorbent paper or gauze after washing. After the sewage is completely absorbed, gently wipe the jewelry with alcohol and water in a soft cloth, and then dry it or air dry it.
(3) Jewelry with low hardness and strong water absorption, such as amber, coral, turquoise, etc., should not be washed with water, it will crack when heated, and it should not be exposed to alcohol, oil, vinegar, etc. It is not advisable to wear coral necklaces for a long time when it is hot in summer. Wipe the stain with flannel at ordinary times to avoid damaging its surface luster, and pay attention to reducing friction.
(4) For pearls (natural and artificial pearls) that are not wear-resistant and weak in acid and alkali resistance, sunlight, rain and sweat stains should be avoided as much as possible. People should not wear pearl necklaces when sweating, so as not to turn yellow. Be sure to wipe it with a soft cloth after each use, or put some cold cream on it first, and then wipe it with a soft cloth for better effect.