The author of Li Hua is Li Shangyin, who was selected as the No.539 124 of Complete Tang Poetry.

original text

Li Hua

Author: Tang Li Shangyin

Excavate a person, emotional suspension.

It goes without saying that there is no moonless night, and there is wind when you laugh.

Reduce the powder and the garden, and touch the lotus together.

Xu Fei has been married for a long time, and Youzi is a jade.

To annotate ...

① number (shuò): frequent.

2 hanging: hanging, caring.

③ Laughter: refers to flowers blooming and falling.

④ Swing: This refers to Hsinchu, whose surface is covered with hoarfrost.

⑤ Zhan: The whole school of poetry: "One work."

⑥ The Biography of Southern History Empresses records that Xu Fei, Emperor of Liang Yuan, had an affair with Yoshioka, and Yoshioka sighed every day. "Although Xu Niang is old, he is still very affectionate." At the beginning, on the night of the princess's wedding, the car arrived in Xichuan and the snow turned over. The curtains are all white, and the emperor thinks this is an ominous sign and the consequences will not end well. Tang: A flower-shaped headdress made of Tang He's flower-shaped jewelry.

Brief introduction of the author

Li Shangyin (about 8 12 or 8 13 ~ about 858), Han nationality, Yuxi native, also known as Fan Nansheng and Fan Nanzi, was a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty. His ancestral home was in Hanoi, Huaizhou (now Qinyang City, Henan Province), and his ancestors moved to Xingyang (now Zhengzhou, Henan Province). He is good at parallel prose writing, and his poems also have high literary value. He and Du Mu are called "Little Du Li" and Wen is called "Wen Li". Because his poems and essays are similar to those of the same period, and all three of them rank sixteenth in the family, they are also called "Thirty-six Style". His poems are novel in conception and rich in style, especially some love poems are lingering and memorable. But it is too obscure to be solved, and there is even a saying that "poets always love Quincy and wish that no one could write about Jian Zheng". Caught in the struggle between Niu and Li, I was frustrated all my life. After his death, he was buried in his hometown of Qinyang (now the junction of Qinyang and Aibo County).

According to New Tang Book, there are 20 volumes of Fan Nanjia Collection, 20 volumes of Fan Nanyi Collection, 3 volumes of Western Henan, Fu 1 volume, Wen 1 volume, and some works have been lost.

Traditional control

Volume 539_ 124 Li Lihua Commercial Bank

Excavate a person, emotional suspension.

It goes without saying that there is no moonless night, and there is wind when you laugh.

Reduce the powder and the garden, and the lotus is fragrant.

Xu Fei has been married for a long time, and Youzi is a jade.

Appreciation of Tang Poetry in Mourning Li Hua

This song comes from the Tang Dynasty poet Han Yu's Mourning for Li Hua.

When spring is for luxury, Luoyang Garden is particularly crowded.

Who cut the snow on the flat ground into smallpox?

The red sun is not good, and the bright moon will be mixed for the time being.

In the evening, he led Zhang Che to Lutong and took a cloud to Yuyu.

Dragon Ridge Xiang Yu Li, there is no difference, training skirts.

Quiet and bright makeup, although I don't want to grind my teeth.

Being cold and brave, I have been thinking about evil all my life.

Make an appreciative comment

Plum tree, Rosaceae, small deciduous tree, about 3-5 meters high. Leaves long oval to oval obovate with serrated edges. Branches are like peaches, green leaves are dripping, and flowers are small and numerous. 3. Before the flowers bloom or the leaves are the same in April. Plum, like peach, apricot and plum, is the oldest cultivated flower and fruit in China with a history of about 3,000 years.

Li Hua presented Zhang Shiyi's office or translated Li's original text with comments and appreciation.

Original text:

At the end of February in the west of Jiangling city, flowers can't see peaches but see plums.

The wind rubs the rain to practice the revenge and shame ratio, and the waves turn over the air.

You know what flowers are like here. White flowers bloom in Zhu Tian at night, and flocks of chickens disturb officials.

When the sun first came to the bottom of the sea, Zhu Hui dispersed the green clouds.

Your invisible ecstasy shines on thousands of trees.

I miss the boy swimming around in the swallow, but I didn't drink to the flowers.

Since I have been living in a pile of worries, I want to think about it before I leave.

Today is only 40 years old, who will be older the day after tomorrow?

A person carrying a statue will get drunk, but he is reluctant to throw it at the yellowish dust.

translate

In the western suburbs of Jiangling City, at the end of February, Bai Mei was everywhere, and there were almost no red peach blossoms.

Under the touch of spring breeze and the washing of spring rain, the whiteness of plum blossoms is hard to compare with that of snow, and the forest of flowers is endless, like waves rolling in the air.

Do you know what the flowers here look like?

The white flowers reflected the sky and lit up the night sky, so that the chickens crowed and the officials got up.

The sun carrying the golden bird rises from the bottom of the sea, shining red, and the blue sky spreads.

Plum blossoms are densely packed in piles under the sunshine, which makes people see things in a blur and dare not look directly at them.

I remember when I was a teenager, I loved to enjoy feasting, and I refused to refuse wine for beautiful flowers.

I have mixed feelings since I was exiled. Even if I went to see the flowers, I had planned to come back before I arrived.

Now I'm only forty years old, and that's it. I don't know who I will talk to when I grow up.

Let me get drunk alone. I really can't bear to abandon the beautiful light shadow and let the bright plum blossom fall in the loess.

To annotate ...

(1) Zhang Shiyi: Zhang Bu, when Han Yu and Zhang Bu joined the army in Jiangling Prefecture. Eleven, the first line.

⑵ Jiangling: Now jiangling county, Hubei. End of February: end of February.

(3) Weathering by wind and rain: Plum blossoms are washed away by wind and rain in spring. Snow shame ratio: It is said that plum blossom is white, which makes Snow White ashamed to compare with it.

(4) Wave somersault: Plum blossoms are dense, like wave somersault. None (s √): boundless.

5. Inverted candles: The white light of plum blossoms from bottom to top makes the night sky bright.

[6] Chickens crow in panic: When chickens see the sky turning white, they mistakenly think that it is dawn, and they are scrambling to crow. This is an exaggeration. Officials get up: officials get up when they hear chickens crow, which is an exaggeration.

(7) The sun: Ancient mythology said that the sun is three feet.

⑻ Zhu Hui: Xia Hong, the light is red. Xia Qing: Qingyun.

The eyes of the blind: the plum blossoms in the sun are dazzling and charming.

⑽ Complex: Describe the lush plum blossoms.

⑾: intention, lust. Swim Swallow: Enjoy the feast. Yan, pass the "Night Banquet".

⑿ Resignation glass: Rejection glass.

[13] Wandering: far from home, down and out. This refers to the far fall of Yangshan.

[14] I'm leaving: When I want to see the flowers, I have made up my mind to go home before I arrive. It means no interest in seeing flowers.

⒂ Only today: Today.

Force: Do your best. Zun: vessels for holding wine. Drunk alone: drunk alone.

Waste of time: waste of time. Yellowish dust: scattered into loess.

Appreciate:

In the spring of the first year of Yuanhe in Tang Xianzong (806), Han Yu joined the army for Facao in Jiangling Prefecture, and often joined the army with Gongcao to return poetry and wine. One night at the end of February, Han Yu went to Hua in the west of Jiangling City. Zhang can't go with him because of illness. Han Yu wrote this poem as a gift.

This poem is exquisitely written, with exquisite objects and secrets that others have never obtained. The first paragraph of the poem focuses on Li Hua and describes the change of the process of finding Li Hua from night to early morning. It's really wonderful and charming. In the latter part, I borrowed flowers to express my confession. In the whole poem, emotion contains things, and seeing things because of emotion is a masterpiece of chanting things.

The word "Jiangling" is puzzled by many predecessors. For example, Chen Yan, a poetry critic in the late Qing Dynasty, said: "Peach blossoms wither after the rain, and it is better to look at a forest than plum blossoms." I really didn't understand the profound meaning of the author. "The end of February" has pointed out that it is a moonless night. "Flowers can't see peaches" is not that there are no peaches, but that the reflection of the heart is weak and unclear in the dark; "Only Li See", Li Huasu is white and strongly reflective, and can be clearly seen on a dark background. Peach blossoms are used as a foil here, which highlights the bright and lush plum blossoms. Wang Anshi's poem "To the Women of Cai Family" says: "Accumulate Li Xi for the night and enjoy peaches for the day." I also noticed the relationship between color and light, vividly expressing the different feelings of peach blossom and plum blossom between day and night. Yang Wanli, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, can best understand the beauty of Han Yu's poem. In his "Thoughts on Hwashi Lee", he said: "Swallow branches can't be seen at dusk, and the snow is strange at night. Flowers don't see peaches, I only see Li See, a poem that I don't know how to retreat all my life. " And there is a small preface: "peaches and plums bloom at the same time, and the sentence' flowers can't see peaches but see plums' is extremely incomprehensible. Looking at peaches and plums across the river is wonderful, because they are all black, only Li. Cover the' dazzling night' cloud. "

Five sentences in "Wind Wipe" focus on the scene of Li Hua's "sleepless night". The poet sighed in a low voice: the plum blossom in the west of the city is caressed by the warm spring breeze and washed by the faint spring rain. Li Hua is as white as snowflake. The dense forest of flowers looks like endless waves surging in the air. Look, what a spectacular sight it is! The ancient works of chanting flowers tend to be delicate and charming, while Han Yu writes magnificent scenery with pen-like rafters, with novel images and broad realm, which has the characteristics of "thinking about heroes" and "strength" in Korean poetry. The poet went on to write: Friend, do you know what the plum blossoms here look like-those hundreds of millions of white flowers that illuminate the night sky. The chickens mistakenly thought it was dawn, and they all cried in surprise, so the officials got up. These words are full of color, which is the "malicious" pen used by Han Yushan! The language of "cock crow" is unimaginable, and Li Hua's "Night" is rendered to the extreme.

Han Yu is a great writer of articles. He pays great attention to the layout of articles, strict statutes and twists and turns in life. Every article can find clues. Every paragraph and sentence should be arranged properly to make the article rich in changes. A "flock of chickens" seems to be true and false, which is exactly where the tenon meets the tenon, as if Li Hua really lit up the sky, and then the next sentence followed by "the sun is flying under the sea", from virtual writing to real writing, from night writing to morning writing, which is very natural, and the rhyme is changed from rhyme to level, with rich sounds and feelings and harmonious syllables. Let's see how the poet describes the scene of the morning sun shining on the flower forest: the sun, the legendary sun, has just come from the bottom of the sea, and half the sky is red, the blue sky is blooming, and the human eye is confused and unable to stare-ah, the sun shines on thousands of trees, dense and piled up like mountains! The poet described the beauty of sunshine, clouds and flower trees with heavy brushstrokes and strong colors. This unique image in the poem shows the artistic characteristics of "unrestrained and changeable" in Korean poetry.

The following sentence is the second paragraph. From flowers to people, feeling the joy of things, comparing the past with the present, hurts your life experience. The poet recalled that when he was a teenager, he liked to enjoy a feast and drink in front of beautiful spring flowers. I have mixed feelings since I was trapped. When I want to see flowers, I want to go home before I arrive. Now that I have moved from Yangshan to Jiangling, I can't help but feel sad when I recall the process of exile. The last four sentences are more profound. I wrote that I enjoyed wine and flowers today in order to live up to the spring and let the beautiful flowers fall alone in the loess. This passage expresses personal feelings, all in prose style, but still full of poetry. The use of function words is particularly appropriate, such as "today is only forty years old, who will be older the day after tomorrow?" . As Fang said: "It seems to be casual with the help of gossip, but in fact they are all sophisticated." ("Zhao Wei Zhan Yan")

The first half of this poem has a strange meaning, and the weather is vigorous. The poet painted beautiful scenery with vigorous and powerful pen, and excavated the beauty of nature that ordinary people have never experienced. The whimsy, romantic sentiment, broad artistic conception and elusive artistic image in the poem all show the poet's extremely rich spiritual world. Describe Li as a roaring wave, and write that glistening flowers reflect the morning and chickens crow endlessly. , are all inhuman words created abruptly. But as Li Peiping pointed out when reading Du Han's notes, these poems "can be said to be similar in shape, but the beauty of poetry is not here." When a poet writes about Li Hua, he is also writing about himself. The first half is about the whiteness and luxuriance of plum blossoms. Can't we also think of the poet's amazing talent? In the prime of life, the poet was in a useless place with the heart of saving the world. He only regretted the tide of time and failed to realize his ambition, so he borrowed flowers to express his affection in his poems. In the second half, cherishing Li Hua is also self-pity, and the poetic language is simple, which is in sharp contrast with the elegant landscape language above. But if there are words in the poem, the words will be smoother and the feelings will be more sincere. Commenting on Han Changli's poem, Jiang Baoxuan said: "The beauty of this poem lies in the fact that people are written by flowers, but it has never been said clearly, which is extremely caused by swords and shadows." If the sword is in a box, the lanterns are in danger, but the firm but gentle lamps are looming, giving the viewer room for imagination and association. This is the beauty of this poem.