Guangzhou introduction
1. Location Guangzhou-the capital of Guangdong Province, the center of politics, economy, science and technology, education and culture, and the largest coastal city in southern China.
Guangzhou is located in the south of Chinese mainland, south-central Guangdong Province, and the northern edge of the Pearl River Delta. Guangzhou, adjacent to the South China Sea, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region, is the southern gate of China to the world. Guangzhou is a hilly area. The terrain is high in the northeast and low in the southwest, with mountains in the north and northeast, hills and terraces in the middle and alluvial plains in the Pearl River Delta in the south. The Pearl River, the third largest river in China, flows through the center of Guangzhou.
2. Four seasons climate
Guangzhou is located in the subtropical zone, across the Tropic of Cancer. The annual average temperature is 20-22℃, the lowest temperature is about 0℃, and the highest temperature is 38℃. The climate here is pleasant, and it is one of the largest cities with the smallest annual average temperature difference in China. Guangzhou has a subtropical monsoon climate with its back facing the mountains and the sea. It is characterized by warm and rainy weather, sufficient light and heat, long summer and short frost period. In the same period of water and heat throughout the year, abundant rainfall is conducive to plant growth, which provides excellent conditions for Guangzhou, a "flower city" with evergreen seasons and blooming flowers. The annual average rainfall is 1982.7mm, and the average relative humidity is 77%. April-June is the rainy season, and August-September is the best season for tourism, with hot weather and many typhoons. 10- 12 has moderate temperature.
3. Area, administrative divisions and population
Guangzhou has a total area of 7,434.4 square kilometers, of which 10 covers an area of 37 18.5 square kilometers, accounting for 50.02% of the city's total area; The area of the two county-level cities is 37 15.9 square kilometers, accounting for 49.98%. Guangzhou * * * governs two cities, namely 10, Yuexiu District, Dongshan District, Haizhu District, Liwan District, Tianhe District, Baiyun District, Huangpu District, Fangcun District, Huadu District and Panyu District, and two county-level cities, namely Conghua City and Zengcheng City. The permanent population of Guangzhou is about 7.2 million.
4. History and culture
Guangzhou is a famous cultural city with a long history of 22 10 years, and it is one of the first batch of famous historical and cultural cities in China announced by the State Council. In the long history, many places of interest, such as Nanyue King's Tomb, Guangxiao Temple, zhenhai tower, Liu Rong Temple, Nanhai Temple, Wuxian Temple, Huaisheng Temple, Chenjia Temple, Sacred Heart Temple and Sanyuan Palace, have witnessed the historical and cultural city of Guangzhou.
Guangzhou combines the essence of Chinese and foreign cultures and forms a unique Lingnan culture. Lingnan School of Painting, Lingnan Architecture, Lingnan Garden, Lingnan Bonsai, Guangdong Music, Cantonese Opera, Cantonese Cuisine, Urban Landscape and Living Customs all reflect the features of Lingnan culture.
5. History of foreign contacts
Guangzhou has a long history of foreign exchange. During the Qin and Han Dynasties (about 226 BC-220 AD), Guangzhou, as the origin port of the ancient maritime "Silk Road", had frequent contacts with overseas. China's silk, porcelain, iron, copper coins, paper, gold and silver are shipped overseas from Guangzhou in exchange for jewelry, incense, ivory and rhinoceros horn. Guangzhou became the most famous trading port in the world at that time. By the Yuan Dynasty (about 1206- 1368), there were more than 40 countries and regions that traded with Guangzhou. In the Ming Dynasty (about 1368- 1644), there was an Export Commodities Fair in Guangzhou. In the Qing dynasty (1757), for a period of time, the Qing government implemented "one-stop trade", and Guangzhou became the only foreign trade port, with more frequent foreign exchanges. At that time, the famous "Thirteen Banks" were foreign firms specializing in foreign trade. The prosperity of foreign trade has also promoted the cultural exchange between Guangzhou and overseas.
6. International twin cities
Since the reform and opening up (1979), Guangzhou has established sister city relations with 14 international cities in the world. At present, Guangzhou has become a full member city of world association of major metropolises.
7. Transportation
Guangzhou is the transportation center of land, sea and air in South China.
7. 1. Ship
Guangzhou Port, the third largest port in China, is the main material distribution center and the largest international trade hub port in the Pearl River Delta and South China. Now it has trade with more than 500 ports in more than 70 countries and regions in the world, with an annual cargo throughput of1670,000 tons.
Huangpu New Port and Xinsha Port are located in the east of Guangzhou, at the mouth of the Pearl River, and both are the largest container terminals in South China.
Lianhuashan Port, Nansha Port, Guangzhou Development Zone Suigang Wharf and Zengcheng Xintang Port have opened passenger and cargo ships, and Huadu District has opened cargo ships.
Inland rivers can communicate with Guangdong and Guangxi provinces along the east, west and north rivers, connecting more than 0/00 rivers/kloc.
7.2. Land transportation
Railways include Beijing-Guangzhou double track, Beijing-Kowloon Railway, guangzhou-maoming railway-Guangzhou Railway, guangzhou-shenzhen railway Railway and Guangzhou-Zhuhai-Macao Railway under construction, forming a railway network extending in all directions.
Highway transportation has basically taken shape, with the urban area as the center, national highways 105, 106, 107, 324 and 205 as the skeleton, and three loop lines as the link, connecting all national highways, running through more than 97% of counties, cities and towns in Guangdong Province, and connecting with the highway networks of surrounding provinces and cities. Urban traffic facilities and expressway construction have developed rapidly. At present, the urban rapid transit skeleton network has been initially established: Inner Ring Road, Ring Expressway, North Second Ring Expressway, New International Airport Expressway, South China Road Phase I Project, Guangyuan East Road and four inner rings.
The average daily passenger volume of urban public transport in Guangzhou is 48 1 10,000 passengers. Plans are made for the rapid rail transit network of seven lines, among which the subway 1 line has been put into operation, with a daily passenger volume of about 200,000 passengers; The first section of Line 2 was completed and opened to traffic at the end of 2002. Line 3 will be completed by the end of 2005; Construction of Line 4 has started.
7.3. Air transportation
Guangzhou Baiyun Airport is one of the three major international airports in China, with the highest passenger throughput in China. Guangzhou New Baiyun International Airport is a key construction project during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period. Upon completion, it will be the largest, most advanced and modernized national hub airport in China. It is planned that by 20 10, the passenger throughput will be 25 million passengers and the freight throughput will be10 million tons.
8. Overall economic situation
Since the reform and opening up, Guangzhou's economic construction has made remarkable achievements. Industrial and agricultural production continued to grow steadily, and foreign economic relations and trade flourished. For more than 20 years, the city's national economy has grown at an average annual rate of over 14%. At present, the GDP has exceeded 300 billion yuan, and the per capita GDP has exceeded 5,000 US dollars. Comprehensive economic strength ranks in the forefront of the country. Guangzhou has become a central city with a solid industrial base, a developed tertiary industry and a comprehensive and coordinated development of the national economy.
8. 1 agriculture
Guangzhou agriculture is characterized by "high quality, high yield and high efficiency" and "specialization, commercialization and socialization". Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and by-products have developed in an all-round way, and township enterprises have also developed rapidly, becoming the pillar of rural economy. Guangzhou agriculture is transforming into modern urban agriculture.
8.2 Industry
Guangzhou is an important industrial base in China and a comprehensive industrial manufacturing center in South China. After years of development, it has formed an export-oriented modern industrial system with complete categories, relatively developed light industry, a certain foundation for heavy industry, comprehensive supporting capabilities, scientific research and technical capabilities and strong product development capabilities. Among the 40 industrial sectors in China, Guangzhou accounts for 34. Guangzhou industry plays an important role in the national economy of the city, and the added value of industry accounts for more than 1/3 of the city's GDP. The output value of automobile manufacturing, electronic communication and petrochemical industry accounts for about 1/3 of the city's total industrial output value. With the introduction of advanced technology, traditional industries such as textile, food, medicine and building materials have been upgraded, and many emerging industries and high-tech industries led by electronic communication, household appliances, fine chemicals and petrochemical industries have developed rapidly. Guangzhou industry has obvious comparative advantages in the Pearl River Delta, South China and even Southeast Asia.
8.3 Foreign Trade
As the earliest foreign trade port in China, Guangzhou has a long history and occupies a very important position in the world. The world-renowned China Export Commodities Fair (hereinafter referred to as the Canton Fair) has been held in Guangzhou since 1950s, and it has won the title of "China's first exhibition" with the largest scale, the longest time, the highest grade and the largest turnover in China. Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center, the newly-built Canton Fair venue, will raise "China's first exhibition" to the level of a world-class exposition.
Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center is the second largest exhibition center in the world and the largest in Asia. The total land area is 700,000 square meters, including 439,000 square meters in the first phase and 395,000 square meters in the total construction area. It is a multi-functional, comprehensive and high-standard international convention and exhibition center, which can meet the needs of international trade fairs, large-scale trade exhibitions and large-scale international conferences.
business
Guangzhou has many commercial outlets, complete industries, wide radiation, well-informed information and smooth circulation channels. There are more than 654.38 million commercial outlets in the city, ranking first among the top ten cities in China. Large shopping malls, large warehouse-type wholesale and retail supermarkets, night markets with lights and bazaars constitute a diversified market network.
8.5 Tourism
Guangzhou tourism has formed a multi-functional, multi-level and all-round service pattern integrating tourism, catering, accommodation, shopping and entertainment. Numerous cultural relics, historical sites and cultural landscapes make tourists linger. Guangdong cuisine with color, fragrance, taste and shape, as well as various Chinese and foreign flavors, have brought Guangzhou the reputation of "eating in Guangzhou". There are many five-star hotels and many hotels of different grades. "One-day tour in Guangzhou" has become a characteristic brand of Guangzhou tourism.
8.6. Financial and Insurance Industry
Guangzhou is one of the three major financial centers in China, with an active financial market. It is the central city with the strongest financing capacity in South China, and it is also the second batch of cities where foreign banks in China have liberalized their access. Financial institutions have developed rapidly with complete categories; The pace of financial opening to the outside world has accelerated, and foreign-funded financial institutions have gradually increased; The scale of financial business is expanding day by day, and the level of financial services is constantly improving; The capital capacity is expanding and the types are increasing. At present, foreign financial institutions have set up more than 30 branches and offices in Guangzhou; Foreign insurance institutions have set up more than 65,438 branches and offices in Guangzhou.
8.7. Real estate industry
The comprehensive development level of Guangzhou's real estate industry (including residential, commercial and office buildings) ranks among the best in the country. Real estate development investment continued to grow rapidly and steadily; Real estate development investment has sufficient sources of funds and a high degree of marketization; Over the years, the municipal government has continuously invested heavily in urban infrastructure construction, and various supporting facilities for living and living have been improved day by day, making the development structure of Guangzhou's real estate industry more reasonable.
8.8 Telecommunications industry
Guangzhou is the information center of South China, and its information infrastructure is relatively perfect. It is one of the three major exports of long-distance telecommunications services in China, one of the three core nodes of the national Internet and one of the international exports, and one of the three major exchange centers of the national Internet. At present, Guangzhou has built a high-quality broadband information network with high bandwidth, covering the whole city, reliability, safety, advanced technology and complete services, basically realized the laying of optical fibers to residential areas and some commercial buildings, and established business platforms such as broadband data and interactive video. Guangzhou's local telephone program control, local telephone and mobile phone penetration rate all rank first in the provincial capital cities of China.
(This article is from the Municipal Bureau of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation)