In seventeen years, Bai Xuan was General Zhao Yong, who was in charge of thousands of families in the army and held real power. He admired his father, Khufu, and was in the Yuan Army, guarding Jiankang (Nanjing). Soon after, his father, Hong Fan, died. After the funeral, sai-jo personally summoned Zhang Xuan to comfort him. He said: "I am afraid that I am young and shoulder this important military task." Ordinary young people can't think of this. "In the 19th year of Yuan Dynasty, thieves and soldiers in Taiping, Xuancheng and Huizhou fought against each other, and the provincial government ordered Zhang Xuan to send troops to attack them. His soldiers were defeated by thieves, and some soldiers killed people's livestock and beat their masters. " This is the reason why our army was defeated. These soldiers who robbed the people were killed and the thieves were punished.
In the 29th year of Zhiyuan (1292), Zhang Xuan returned to the imperial court. At that time, the court thought that the overall situation of the world had been decided and the Privy Council could be revoked. Zhang, who participated in Jiangsu and Zhejiang politics, also said so. The assistant minister secretly asked him what he thought and said, "I should state my opinion when I meet the emperor." One day, the emperor summoned him. Moreover, Zhang Jue was appointed as the deputy envoy of the Tang Dynasty. Luna, the son of a teacher, said to the emperor, "I feel young. If I appoint him as a minister, it will be of great use. It is not too late to appoint him as a Tang Dynasty envoy in the future." The emperor said, "Otherwise, he will destroy the gold and the Song Dynasty for me and swear allegiance to the death. Then you will have to spare the position of a Tang Dynasty envoy!" Bai Xuan is the general in the town, and Jianghuai is the assistant envoy.
Emperor Chengzong acceded to the throne and abolished the Privy Council. In the third year of Dade (1299), he sent an envoy to patrol the world, and Jue was ordered to patrol Sichuan and Shaanxi to visit the people's sufferings, relieve the lonely and poor, and get rid of redundant officials and corrupt officials. After returning to Beijing, he was promoted to Jiangnan Yushitai Yushi, changed to Dr. Wen Zhi, and transferred to Qingliu in western Zhejiang. I intend to expose it. When it comes to provinces, some people are uneasy about it. They tried their best to slander Zhang Xuan and bribed the emperor's cronies, saying that Zhang Xuan used witchcraft to control people and hindered the implementation of the salt law. Emperor Chengzong sent officials to try the case together, and as a result, many crimes of provincial officials and salt officials who bullied them and ignored them were found out and punished according to law. The emperor summoned Xuan to Beijing. This paper discusses in detail the relationship between heaven and man and the causes of disasters, including: Xiu De, preaching, promoting gentlemen, retiring villains, rewarding and punishing honor and disgrace, reducing unnecessary officials, controlling waste, and obeying the laws of ancestors. He also impeached the illegal acts of some senior officials, confusing the emperor's left and right villains. His letter was withheld and not reported to the emperor.
Since Wu Zong ascended the throne, he has always called Zhang Xuan a prince, and a few days later he was honored as a guest officer, but he refused to take office. The imperial court set up Shangshu Province, and there was much discussion all over the country. Zhong Cheng's position has been vacant for a long time, and he is considering a suitable candidate. At that time, Renzong was a prince. He proposed, "If you want to get a Zhong Cheng with both ability and political integrity, it must be Zhang Xuan." So I immediately worshipped him. Renzong acceded to the throne and called Zhang Jue into the palace and said, "I wanted to give it to Qing Baoyu, but it was not your wish." After that, he wiped the sweat from his forehead with a towel, then put the towel in his arms and said, "Where my sweat is, my heart is there."
During the first year of the Qing Dynasty (13 12), Baijue was a doctor of Rong Lu, and he was an assistant to the Council. Yuan wrote to ask that Hong Chengjun should be sent to the palace, and he should be personally responsible for it. The matter was sent to the Privy Council in the name of the emperor. Privy Council officials were afraid of losing parliamentary power and had to obey orders, but Zhang Xuan strongly disagreed. Zhang Xuan believes that "let musicians be ministers of rites and how to explain to future generations" is strongly discouraged. Empress Dowager Cixi appointed Temuder, the right prime minister, as a teacher, while others studied local politics. Zhang Xuan played: "A teacher can certainly govern the country through the country, but Temuder is not such a talent;" Don't be a governor. " Xuan went out of Juyongguan with the emperor. One day, he lost his door and passed the imperial edict to the empress dowager. He condemned Zhang Xuan's opposition to Ren Tiemu Dieer as a teacher and punished him with a stick. He was badly injured and taken back to the capital. Xuan's son left Kyoto the next day. I dare not tell the truth. Renzong was depressed for a long time. In order to save trouble, he sent someone to give a banquet to Zhang Xuan, and bowed down at home for the illness of Da Situxuan. Later, due to the death of his mother, he mourned in front of the grave for three years. In the second year of Jian 'an (1322), Yingzong called him to Yishui and said to him, "Don't correct the king's fault first, and then speak openly." This winter, Xuan was appointed as a college student in Jixian County. Prior to this, Temuder was reinstated as Prime Minister, and in order to avenge himself, he killed Ping Zhangxiao, while Chengyang Dole in the suggestion only stayed to congratulate Bo Yan, which made officials of all sizes too nervous to protect themselves. Then there was an earthquake and a hurricane, and the emperor ordered him to do so. Didn't the abnormal deaths of Xiao, Yang and He cause great disaster? The dead can't be resurrected, but fair comments can make the unjust, false and wrong cases clear, and the court must not lose fair comments. "Emperor Yingzong is the official of the book, and he gave a banquet in Wanshou Mountain.
In August of the third year of Zhizhi, Yushi fell into rebellion, assassinated Yingzong, entered the capital at night, and seized the Chinese book and saved the seal. Xuan secretly played the court's "The Crime of Thieves Can't Escape". Iron loss and others were sentenced to death, but their son Yushi was sent to exile in the south, protesting: "According to the law, robbers are not afraid of the first evil, and anyone who digs a grave and hurts a corpse." Finally, he was sentenced to death by Suonan. Injong's tablet was stolen. At that time, Zheng was also a frequent ambassador in politics, but he planned to be promoted to Zuo Cheng. The letter said: "The promotion of Zuo Cheng by participating in politics can be regarded as a gradual promotion. However, the management of the ancestral temple was so lax that his memorial tablet was stolen and should be punished. Why should he be promoted instead? How can he thank Renzong for being in the spirit of heaven? " Therefore, the imperial edict of moving the capital to Mala was no longer issued.
In June of the first year of Taiding (1324), Taiding Emperor went to the ferry. Before that, the emperor ordered officials to discuss the methods of disaster. Xuan discussed the gains and losses of current politics in detail with officials of the Privy Council, imperial academy and Jixian Institute, and played the following with Song Wenzan, the foreign minister of the left and right departments.
"National security lies in getting the right people. In the past, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty used Yao Chong and Song Wangjing to govern the country, and then used Li and Yang to stir up the world and subjugate the country several times. Although Guo Ziyi was loyal to the generals and tried his best to restore the country, since then, the buffer region has been bullying and Ji Gang has been unhappy. This is indeed because Li and his followers avoid hurting loyalty, arrange traitors, deceive the holy hearing, and protect Paul from disasters. Many people have killed those who care about the interests of others, sow dissension by innuendo, plot slander and be loyal. When the crime of graft was exposed, they flattered those who lost their jobs and were loved by the emperor, lived their lives and soon became the teachers of the prince. After Renzong ascended to heaven, he was favored by Yingzong and changed to secretariat. On the other hand, Temuder turned himself into a hero and won the trust. His sons are located in the Su and Wei Dynasties, occupying important positions, deceiving their superiors and deceiving their subordinates, putting an end to what they say, selling officials and titles, bossing around, giving orders and being uneasy. His growing power makes people shudder at home and abroad. So, for a time, a group of evil followed, like an iron thief. He didn't have his fortune, but he dared to assassinate the emperor because he didn't deal with it severely. His son was locked up in the south and participated in the conspiracy, and his crime was obvious. Although he opened the coffin and slaughtered the body and destroyed the family, it was not enough to make up for his crime. But now he has returned his property, and his sons are still in the capital, attached to dignitaries, and then stay in Soviets. When sai-jo returned, Ahma's crime of greed and disability was exposed, and he died.
"Your father's revenge is not * * *. The reason for this is to clarify ethics, not to distinguish between superiors and subordinates. The iron loss flow colluded with the rebellion, and both the emperor and the prime minister were poisoned. People all over the world can't bear to hear it. I am close to the imperial decree that since iron loss is a crime, the king will not spend money, not win money, but spend money on the ladder. All officials who engage in conspiracy should be killed without forgiveness. Our sacred court legislates that robbers will be punished for robbery and murder, regardless of the first evil threat. Moreover, the side that conspires with regicide is not tolerated by heaven and earth. Those who don't spend money on the ladder should be punished to reassure the people.
"The book says,' Only the king can be blessed, only the king can be overbearing'." Officials can't be overbearing, but if they are overbearing, they will harm the family and the country. The power of life and death belongs to the son of heaven, and officials cannot divide it among themselves. The king of Liao is the head of the imperial clan, guarding Liaodong, and his responsibilities are not light. However, it is beyond reproach to steal the power of the monarch when the country is unfortunate and has changed dramatically. Now, he is not only innocent, but also released leniently, so that he can still keep his majesty's land. I was afraid of national discipline and never recovered. If it works, what will it do? Moreover, Liaodong has a vast territory and has always been an important town. If Tuotuo stays here for a long time, he will be even more unscrupulous, not to mention the serious injustice of the deceased, which will hurt the harmony between heaven and earth. I think that according to my ancient codes, if the murderer is pardoned, his crime cannot be pardoned. For Tuotuo, he should be deprived of royal land and placed in other places to show the majesty of the emperor.
"Punishment is to punish evil, and state-owned laws remain unchanged. The equipment is fierce, and Qianqiu doesn't spend money. Our emperor treated them thick and tall. However, they didn't expect to repay their kindness. They used deceit and pretended to be ordered to force the eagle master to take Gu Ha, Zheng's wife, to covet his livestock and rely on his power. Who dares to do anything with him? The government of punishments tried it and confessed truthfully, but he was finally pardoned. The emperor's words, the ancients said, one woman complained, it didn't rain for three years. From this point of view, the above things are really extraordinary government affairs. I think it is appropriate to submit the punishment to the yamen of the Ministry of Punishment for trial.
"When the government bought the treasure, sai-jo didn't know it happened. After its independence, it began to have this disadvantage. Every penny is worth tens of thousands of dollars, and the huge sum paid is the blood of the people, which is forcibly searched with whips and sticks. Spending extravagantly, people's grievances are boiling, and the inspectors also stop it. It is not the government that needs to buy this useless thing, but some powerful people. Divide the wealth and money of the country. This is an example of humiliation, and its disclosure is well recorded. At the beginning of your majesty's accession to the throne, he first learned about its disadvantages and banned it, which made the world happy. Recently, I heard that Zhongshu Province also invited the imperial court to pay more than 400,000 gold ingots for the unpaid jewelry it bought since its establishment, which was several times higher than the original value. Among them, more than 300,000 ingots have to be paid to the market for many years. Now the state levies taxes every year. The above-mentioned more than 400,000 ingots are equivalent to the gold and silver collected in the whole country in four years. Now they are eager to collect money from the people because of the lack of state funds. I think the goods imported from the country should be used by the country to reduce the burden on the people, and the money owed will be discussed after the country's finances are sufficient.
"The king's memorial tablet in the ancestral temple is where the ancestors and gods are. It has become a heavy code for the country to rule the world with filial piety and offer sacrifices at four seasons. Recently, the golden spirit cards of Emperor Injong and Empress Injong were stolen and have not been broken. What is so bizarre is that the officers and men who were arrested were not punished. In my opinion, if people steal, they should arrest officers and men, and there are three crimes that cannot be obtained; If supervisory officials and competent officials lose their official property, they also make rash mistakes. Stealing the queen mother's spirit tablet should be treated as an ordinary crime and its subordinate officials should be pardoned.
"The wealth of the country comes from the people, and the government should live within its means. Recently, Xishan Temple was established, which damaged the army and harmed the people and cost hundreds of millions. The embroidered flag used was made by men and women in Jiangsu and Zhejiang counties for several years, and the people complained bitterly. Although the imperial edict has been promulgated recently, I still heard that the traitors took the opportunity to recover, and rumors spread everywhere, which shocked everyone. I thought, even so,
"People have grievances, will be rehabilitated, especially with the distinction. Ping Zhang Zheng Zheng Zhu, Zhong Cheng Er, etc. , framed by Temuder, their property was confiscated to others. Everyone who heard it sighed. The repair of the ancestral temple was hastily completed, but it was still given to the original people with its wealth, only to the owners.
"The country runs the country by virtue and prevents evil by punishment. If the punishment is not established, more and more people will commit riots. Although there are wise men and capable people, they cannot be banned. Recently, Temujir disciples met Zhu's wife and daughter for the first time and were forced to rape the pavilion. After being exposed, the relevant yamen resigned and said that they were followers of the emperor and did not pursue them. The palace is so unscrupulous, and the people in Beijing are surprised and angry. I think: we should abide by the laws of our ancestors, let the relevant yamen come to trial, and treat Temujir's followers with rape. I also think that among the prisoners in the world, there will inevitably be people who have been wronged. Only on this day, Xia Zhishi was ordered to choose officials from provincial stations, to examine them one by one, and to impose heavy penalties, and to enlighten them lightly, and to review and report those who are suspicious. Border towns are very ill, so it is advisable to make provincial stations investigate them in order to promote benefits and eliminate pests.
"Every year there is a certain annual tribute system. Since the first year of Dade (1297), under the sweet words of Liu Jin and Cheng Lian, more than 700 families have been assigned to collect pearls, and the government has given them food for three years, and only 500 or 200 pearls have been collected. Many people have been injured by insects and fish in the water, so they stopped collecting pearls. Lian Fang said it was a kind of harassment to the people. After the departmental promotion stops, it will still be supervised by the local government. Soon, Shao Qing and Andrew West, ministers of the interior, falsely proclaimed the imperial edict, urging Guangzhou to supervise mining, which was a waste of people and money. My ministers and others suggested that if it were not for the original regulations, please stop everything and send the people home.
"The good man died, and the national law should be for revenge. The iron lost and killed the emperor's rebellion. The bachelor didn't spend it, and the command didn't pay attention to it. The court was bald and executed without guilt. So far, they have not been commended and posthumously awarded official titles; When in power, Yu Shixiu and Jia Tujian were both killed, but their grievances were not rehabilitated. We and others think that posthumous title, the deceased, should be given preferential treatment to his descendants, and ordered the punishments department and the censor to investigate other aggrieved persons and report them truthfully.
"Since ancient times, we must guard against all kinds of political affairs. Now there are more government offices inside and outside the imperial court, and officials' salaries are also increased. The humble civilian suddenly became an official. This kind of thing is increasing day by day, and both the military and the people suffer greatly. The first thing to do is to save unnecessary expenses and lay off redundant officials. Sai-jo set up an official position and customized it. In the thirty years since the Yuan Dynasty (650), although it was reviewed by decree, the reduction was reduced, and the reduction was reduced. However, these guards set up private offices and attached themselves to powerful people to protect their salaries. The imperial edict made it impossible for it to stop for no reason. By the time they arrived in Yingzong, they were determined to abolish 13 departments affiliated to Xiang Chong College and Shoufu College, and more than 60 departments affiliated to Zheng Hui College and Jianghuai Finance and Taxation Bureau. Unfortunately, Yingzong was killed, and other places and departments failed to abolish and reduce staff according to the imperial edict. Recently, an imperial edict was issued: do everything according to the words of the ancestors. In violation of the imperial edict, ministers and other suggestions: it should be made clear that the military and civilians inside and outside the imperial court, all the additional officials who do not meet the requirements of their ancestors, and the redundant staff who moved up after 30 years of the Yuan Dynasty, will be laid off from the date of the imperial edict; Detainees are not allowed to be exempted from punishment, and those who should not be promoted are not allowed to be promoted casually. The garrison institutions and their officials in Changqiu, Huicheng, Changning Temple and Border Town, which were set up in the ear (palace) in the past dynasties, should be discussed separately.
"Since ancient times, sages, as long as they devote themselves to the affairs of state, can touch the gods of heaven and earth. At first, he did not seek happiness from monks and Taoism, because it would be harmful to the people and the country. Even in the thirty years of the Yuan Dynasty, for example, there were only 102 cases of worshipping Buddha. In the seventh year of Dade (1303), the Ministry of Merit was established, and the number of visits to Buddhism reached more than 500 times. This year, it has increased again, and next year, for example, the plan of * * * will be more than quadrupled. Monks paid off palace guards, held Buddhist ceremonies, calculated divination, deceived the emperor, invited more temples to be built, and gave alms. They also claimed to serve. In violation of the teachings, every Buddhist event costs countless gold, silver and banknotes, so it costs tens of millions of ingots every year, which is several times higher than that in the Yuan Dynasty. The money provided by monks is their own, and the money they give is the essence of the people. How can these monks seek happiness if they guard their wives, behave inappropriately and blaspheme? In recent years, Buddhism has become more and more complicated, and the emperors of past dynasties have been in office for a short time, which has led to disasters year after year. It can be seen that praying for Buddhism is ineffective. I think that things that were prayed for Buddha 30 years ago and on the anniversary of the death of all previous dynasties should be exempted except the host of Zheng Xuan Academy. The emperor's bodyguard minister must not play the invitation card skillfully and add his name in vain. If there is any special discount, it will be implemented after the Chinese book is accurately typed.
"The emperors of ancient and modern times, Chinese and foreign countries must first pay attention to the economy. If they use sparingly, it will be harmful to finance, and financial losses will be harmful to the people; If the state makes insufficient use of it, it is necessary to recruit more militia, such as raising the price of salt courses. These are all measures that harm the people. In recent years, many idle people have joined the guards of the capital, some as eunuchs, some as textile embroiderers, some as healers, and others as teachers of Yin and Yang. One man is in power, and the whole family is free from corvee. These people spend a lot of money a year.
"Kuo Duan has regulations for raising horses and camels every year, and the distribution of counties and counties also has their own destiny. However, the imperial guards almost appointed a horse keeper to help the people graze. These people are unscrupulous, occupying people's houses, making them eat and drink, injuring mulberries, and selling feed privately, so that they can't have children and damage horses and camels. Dade Zhong Shi ordered county officials to monitor, build greenhouses and manage. In the early days of their rule, they were scattered among the people.
"It is not a good thing to wage war, especially to be good at opening borders, which is not the blessing of the country; Savage ignorance, lack of enlightenment of the holy king, nothing, but nothing to lose. After three years of rule (1323), Shen Bulang became a thief. At first, he just robbed and killed envoys and took their property. The imperial court sent troops for a whole year, causing casualties and wasting resources. I think it's human nature to be born and die. It is best to be Xuanyuan.
"The annual income of the world's official land is used to support the imperial guards and soldiers guarding the border. However, from the 31st year of Zhiyuan (1294), emperors of all dynasties gave official land to kings, princesses, Xu, officials, eunuchs and temples. So much so that the grain shipped from the south in Zhongshu Province was used to support the guards and guard soldiers, which consumed the national reserve. It has been given to Tian. People are still short of asking the counties for a monthly salary, but they refuse to pay the national tax that they should have paid but have not paid. The government was so angry that farmers were forced to flee. I suggest kings, princesses, Xu horses, temples, etc. All land proceeds are paid to the government according to the system of three temples, such as Princess Ji and Pu 'an in Sangla, and the government will calculate the monthly banknotes as wages.
"All state funds are collected from the people. When sai-jo came, the inland of Huaibei was only taxed in Nadine, taking Temuder as the phase, specializing in searching, sending envoys to measure the fields of Huaibei and Henan, and levying taxes again. The gravel fields in Huaibei and Jingxiang are also taxed as mature fields, which leads farmers to flee. In my opinion, we should only levy the Ding tax as usual, and cancel the re-levy of farmland tax grain and gravel farmland tax grain.
"sai-jo's system: everyone who owns land is forced to work, and land sales are forced to work with the land. As a prime minister, Temuder was bribed by temples in the south of the Yangtze River to invite monks to buy folk fields, but refused to accept the services of Li Zheng, which has been pernicious to this day. I have suggested that all the folk fields and industries bought by other monks and Taoists should be forced to work, except for the land given to the monks' temples in past dynasties and the old businesses of the dead Song Dynasty.
"Being a monk, not a wife, is beyond the world of mortals, so it is favored by the country, so we don't send labor. Being a monk should completely get rid of secular desires and concentrate on chanting Buddha's birthday. But in recent years, monks and Taoists often get married and adopt sons, which is no different from ordinary people. As for people like Cai Daotai and Ban who indulge in hurting people, corrupt morality and violate criminal law, there are countless people who make them responsible for offering sacrifices. I believe that all monks and Taoists who get married and have children will be punished by law.
"Reward goodness, the power of the king, how can you be with people easily? Sai-jo was in office for thirty-five years, and all the ministers around him loved him very much, but I didn't hear that anyone gave the reward to him for nothing. In recent years, there has been a flood of rewards, because people who serve near the emperor pretend to be poor, or say that they want to marry a woman or give something without any merit or goodwill. They all play for a reward, and they have national gold, silver, pearls and jade articles. How can we encourage those who really serve the country and do good things for the people? This will not only damage the country's financial resources, but also open the door to luck. I don't think people who don't have obvious meritorious service should be rewarded, so please make laws.
"In short, I put forward that the thief who killed you rebelled was not discussed, and the evil deeds were not removed. The people who were loyal to the country were not rehabilitated, the grievances were not tried, the decrees were not believed, the rewards and punishments were unfair, the taxes were uneven, the money was improperly used, and the public was angry. These were enough to hurt the spirit of harmony. I hope your Majesty will make a decision, thank God and eliminate the disaster. "
The above suggestions were not adopted by Taiding Emperor. Zhang Xuan wrote: "I heard that the solar eclipse should be punished, and the solar eclipse should be punished. In return, I will seek truth from facts, not superficial, and move the people with actions rather than words. Because of the injustice of the criminal administration, God sued me. I hope your majesty will see clearly and grant me everything. " Taidingdi wouldn't listen.
Soon, Zhang Xuan was seriously ill and had to walk with help. The emperor's imperial edict often avoids bowing and gives the car a ride under the door of the temple. The emperor gave a banquet and asked the Prime Minister Zuo and Xuan to take charge. Xuan recommended Hanlin Bachelor Wu Cheng and others as consultants. Since then, although he tried his best to resign, he was named Cai Guogong in charge of the banquet.
In the third year of Taiding, the emperor sent envoys to summon Zhang Xuan, and Zhang Xuan was called into the palace. The emperor asked, "What were the people like when the Qing Dynasty came?" Xuan replied: "I am old and have few guests, so I can't understand my situation in a foreign country." Calm, Baoding and Hejian are my hometown. People in these places are facing severe famine. Although the court provided gold and silk, only five or six out of ten people benefited from it. I hope your majesty will have mercy. " The emperor was saddened by this, and the official provided full relief. I was declared a bachelor of Hanlin.
Soon after, Zhao Xuan was called to discuss China's book to save trouble, but he was unable to be called because of illness. Taiding died in December in the fourth year (1327), and the testator returned the seal of Cai Guogong. Xuan was named "Lian 'an" and had six children.