Queen:/kloc-It began to appear in the 4th century. After the king died, he succeeded to the throne because he was young. Strictly speaking, it can not be regarded as "inheriting" the throne, but only as "seizing" the throne, from princess to queen, or from queen to queen.
Duke: Among the nobles, the duke is the first rank, the highest position and the local military and political chief. It was originally enfeoffed by King Edward III of England in the14th century, and all dukes were members of the royal family. It was not until the 15th century that this convention was broken, and a few non-royals were made dukes.
Marquis: Marquis is the second rank of nobility. After the division of Charlemagne Empire, frontier chiefs with special powers became independent feudal lords. After the strengthening of feudal kingship, Marquis became a title between Duke and Earl, and its status was equal to that of other Ors. It was not until the tenth and fourteenth centuries that the Marquis was recognized as above Bo.
Earl: An attendant of the emperor, who is in charge of military, civil and financial affairs, and sometimes serves as a local official. After the feudal system was strengthened, the earl could become a hereditary feudal Lord.
Viscount: It was first sealed by King Charlemagne in the eighth century, and later spread to other continental European countries. He was the count's deputy, and later became independent and hereditary.
Baron: Baron is the lowest rank among nobles. In the 1 1 and 12 centuries, it was a direct vassal of the kings or feudal lords of European monarchies. It was not until 1387 that Richard II and John Beacham became barons that barons became the official titles of British aristocrats.
Baron: or baronet, a hereditary title in Britain, ranking between baron and knight. Barons do not enjoy seats in the House of Lords or other aristocratic privileges.
Knight: a cavalry who received formal military training in medieval Europe and later evolved into an honorary title representing a certain social class. Knight's identity is often not inherited, and knight belongs to the lowest nobility. In the Middle Ages, knights served in the armies of lords and obtained fiefs. You need to bring your own weapons and horses.
The descendants of the Fuehrer are called "princes" and "princesses"; The spouse of the noble is called "Baroness", and the descendants are called the next level of title; The spouse of the squire is called "madam", and there is no specific title for future generations.
Nobles can be divided into five grades: Duke, Marquis, Earl, Viscount and Baron. It turns out that the title of nobility is hereditary and there can only be one heir. The eldest son is the lawful heir. Only when a nobleman has no son can his title be inherited by the immediate descendants who first reached the age of inheritance. After 1958, it is allowed to grant a person a "lifetime peerage" that is not inherited. Address the Duke and Duchess as "Grace". Use "your grace" in direct address and "his (her) grace" in indirect address. Used at the beginning of envelopes or letters, you can write "Duchess" (Duchess's grace ...) or "Duchess's Excellency ..." (Duchess ...). Marquis, earl, viscount and baron can all be called "lords". When addressed directly, you can call it "Your Excellency". Indirect reference can use "Lord+surname" or "Lord+place name". The beginning of an envelope or letter is called "Lord Marquis" or "Lord" respectively (mainly used for uncles, sons and barons). The eldest son of a duke, marquis or earl can be called a "Lord" before his father dies, that is, before he inherits his father's title, but he is not a nobleman. A son below the second son of a duke or marquis can be called a "Lord" for life; For sons below the second son of a uncle, a son or a baron, it can be called "honor". They are not nobles either. Marquise, Countess, Viscount and Marquise can all be called "Lady", that is, "Lady+husband's surname or place name in husband's honorific title". The daughter of every duke, marquis and earl can also be called "madam", that is, "madam+first name+last name". If she gets married, she will use her husband's surname instead of her own, but she will still be called "lady". Even if her husband has no title and is an ordinary "sir", he can be called "lady". If the husband has a title, then she should choose the corresponding reputation. Besides the title of nobility, there are other titles, and jazz is regarded as "jazz". The specific method is "Jazz+First Name+Last Name" or "Jazz+First Name", but as a knight, you can never use jazz only before the last name. For example, "Sir James Manson" can also be called "Sir James", but it must not be called "Sir Manson". A knight's wife can also be called "madam". Jazz titles cannot be inherited, and jazz has no privileges except titles. His son is also commensurate with the civilian surname, using "Sir".
Britain, England
King Rex et Imperator/Regina et Imperatrix and emperor/queen and queen, Queen Victoria was crowned Queen of India in 1876, which was the title of British monarch during India's independence from 1947. King/Queen Crownprince is called Prince of Wales in Britain, that is, Prince of Wales or Prince. Usually it only means "the son of the monarch" (or lady sovereign's husband), not a specific title. The woman's name is Princess, and the king's eldest daughter is princess royal, that is, "big princess". The royal duke, duke, marquis, earl, viscount, baroness, where the emperor/queen and king/queen are called "Your Majesty", the prince and princess are called "Your Majesty", and the son of the duke, marquis, marquis's son and earl are collectively called lords, that is, lords.
France
King Roy's Crown Prince Duke Prince Marquis Earl Viscount Baron Knight
Holy Roman Empire
Caesar k? Kurt, King of Haig, elected Prince Foest, or translated Prince Marquis, Duke Herzog of Prince Herzog, Earl of Pfaltzgraff Court, Earl of Border Territory or Earl of Landgraf, Baron of Baron Freiher, Baron Fraier, Knight of Rityongke or squire.
the Netherlands
King Corning/Queen Corning King Prince Archotog (these titles have been abolished) Duke Hertog Marquis Marquise Earl Grave Viscount Bulgrave Baron Reid There are two royal families in the Netherlands, namely 365,438+0 Earl, 65,438+003 Baron and 8 Cavaliers.
Belgium
Roi/Prince ROI/Koning/Prince Prins Hertog, Marquis/Count Marquis/Marks/Viscount/Baron Burglaff, Chevalier/Squire/of Ridder/ By the end of 1986, Belgium had 9 princes, 5 dukes,/Marquis 10/0 and 85 counts.
Denmark
King/Queen Crown Prince Crown Prince Prince foerster Duke Hutuge Marquis Markey Count Bigleaf Viscount Knight Baron Reid
Sweden
Prince Gong/Crown Prince/Crown Prince/Crown Prince/Crown Prince/Crown Prince/His Royal Highness/His Royal Highness
Norway
King/Queen Crown Prince Crown Prince Prince Foest Duke Hutuge Marquis Markey Count Visegraph Viscount Knight Baron Reid
Finland
Emperor Chessari, Prince Princy, Duke Akkihuttuya, Duke Huttuya, Marquis Makisi, Count Jarry, Baron Varakryvi, Knight of Ritari, and Finnish aristocracy were subordinate to Swedish aristocracy. 1809 After Russia annexed Finland, the Grand Duke of Finland established a relatively independent hierarchy of aristocratic titles, and the Grand Duke of Finland (concurrently held by the Russian czar) only awarded the titles of earl and baron.
Spain
Rey/Reina King/Queen Principe de Asturias (Crown Prince) Principe Duke Marqué s Marquis Conde Count Vizconde, Viscount Baron Baron Se? Or squire
Portugal
Emperor Imperador (Brazil only) Prince Duque Marquês of Rei King principe Conde Count Visconde Bar? Baron o
Italy
Emperor Emperor (1936 Italian king calls himself Ethiopian emperor) Prince Prince Duca Duke Marquis Count cavalieri Knight Count.
Poland
Prince of Klohr Kesiaze or Marquis, Duke of Herbia, Earl of Reyes, Baron Knight of Gilmec, squire.
Hungary
Császár Emperor Kirá ly/Kirá lyné King/Queen Fejedelem Prince herczeg Count gróf Knight báró Baron lovag Hungary has no emperor, and its monarch is called king. During the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Austrian emperor was also the king of Hungary.
Russia
Emperor/empress
Ethiopia
Emperor Negus Negus (king of kings) King Negus Mesfin Prince Mesfin Ras Prince Mesfin Duke Ras of Deyazmat (military aristocrat) Duke Duke Duke (awarded to foreigners) Marquis of Deyazmat (military aristocrat) (provincial commander) Count of Gnazmat (military aristocrat) (right-wing commander) Viscount Gratzmat (military aristocrat) (left-wing commander) Barron.