Luo Yuzhu's prototype is Zhou Xiaoguang, a legendary businesswoman in Zhejiang.
She was born in a small mountain village in Zhejiang, and her family was extremely poor. Her parents are still obsessed with having sons. She had five sisters and finally got 1 brother.
/kloc-When he was 0/6 years old, he had to drop out of school to support his family. He borrowed 20 yuan from his mother to travel and set up a stall to sell goods along the street. At the age of 22, he married a like-minded husband. Unwilling to be mediocre, the two started their business together and achieved great success by relying on jewelry.
In 20 17, they entered the hurun rich list with a net worth of 33 billion yuan. The following year, Zhou Xiaoguang boarded the "Self-made Women's Rich List" and won the title of "Zhejiang's richest woman".
However, in just three years, she "lost" her fortune and was still in debt of 46.9 billion yuan. It took her 40 years to become the richest woman in Zhejiang from a street vendor, but it only took her 3 years from the richest man to "Lao Lai". What happened in the meantime?
1962, a farmer in Zhuji, Zhejiang Province gave birth to his 1 daughter, named Zhou Xiaoguang.
Parents, like most rural people at that time, hoped for a son to carry on the family line. Instead, five golden flowers were born one after another.
Father wanted to give up, but mother said to try again. Finally, the family welcomed the only man. But at that time, materials were scarce, and it was difficult to support seven children.
Therefore, Zhou Xiaoguang, as the eldest daughter, was very sensible at an early age. She not only helps her parents take care of her siblings, but also helps her family with farm work.
/kloc-When she was 0/3 years old, she went to Yiwu on foot with her family. First, she bought low-priced necessities such as brown sugar and toilet paper, and then went to remote rural areas with inconvenient transportation to barter with waste products such as chicken feathers. Then sell chicken feathers as raw materials to earn a meager price difference.
"Chicken feathers for sugar" is also the earliest small commodity business model in Zhejiang, and later the famous "Yiwu Small Commodity Market" in Asia also originated from this.
16 years old, when Zhou Xiao was a sophomore, her family could no longer afford it, so she chose to drop out of school to support her family. I did farm work at home for a while, and my income was extremely meager. Finally, at my mother's suggestion, I went out to do a little business.
It is said that this is a business. At first, it was a stall selling embroidery, but at that time it was very strict. After a month, it was scary and didn't make much money.
By chance, she met several vendors who were going to the northeast. On second thought, she gritted her teeth and borrowed 20 yuan from her mother, carrying 50 or 60 kilograms of embroidery on her back, and set out to sell goods in the northeast.
Zhou Xiaoguang later recalled that it was the first time to travel far away, and it took a train to go to the northeast, while the nearest Yiwu railway station took more than six hours by mountain road.
Besides, tickets are hard to buy. I finally got a station ticket, so I had to stand in the aisle during the day and sleep under someone else's chair at night. So, I was questioned by the conductor and almost driven away.
It's winter in Daxing 'anling, and it's over 40 degrees below zero. She can only peddle along the street in thin clothes. I only eat one meal a day because I can't bear to spend money.
But there are many things to grind. In less than 40 days, she earned 380 yuan. At that time, the salary of senior technicians in the factory was only 100 yuan.
When she came home ecstatic, her mother didn't recognize her at first sight. It turned out that after leaving for more than a month, she was black and thin, and the mother and daughter couldn't help crying.
The 1 bucket of gold in life made her taste the sweetness of doing business. In the next seven years, she traveled all over the country, selling goods and inspecting the jewelry industry.
So, I met a like-minded person, Yu, who is a small businessman and a native of Zhejiang, and also does embroidery.
The 22-year-old and the 23-year-old Yu officially got married.
Shortly after marriage, Zhou Xiaoguang took a fancy to the development prospect of Yiwu small commodity market. They took out all their savings and bought a booth, mainly dealing in trinkets. My husband is in charge of purchasing goods in Guangdong, and she is in charge of staying behind to practice stalls.
With the vigorous development of Yiwu commodity market, they have also accumulated a lot of wealth: they have their own houses in the best local communities. I have my own shop in the best part of the city center.
By 1995, during the 10 year of marriage, Zhou Xiaoguang was keenly aware that if he wanted to expand his business, he must have his own production line. I have been buying other people's, and I can only have soup with them after all.
So, they once again took out their savings for many years and invested 8 million yuan to build a factory specializing in jewelry production in Yiwu. This name comes from them and is called "Guangxin Jewelry Co., Ltd.".
In just three years, the company's output value has doubled every year. They have become the leader in the jewelry industry, and Yiwu has also become the largest jewelry production base in China, where vendors from all over the country come to purchase goods.
But Zhou Xiaoguang's ambition does not stop there. She saw the success of Swarovski, an internationally renowned jewelry company, and wanted to learn. But in Swarovski's eyes, the "new light" at that time was just a lonely and nameless miscellaneous brand, and naturally she would not pay attention to her request.
In a blink of an eye, we entered the Millennium. In May 2000, Hong Kong held an international jewelry exhibition. Zhou Xiaoguang's industry acumen is once again reflected, and she thinks this is a great opportunity to make her own enterprise famous.
I have to say that the success of Zhou Xiaoguang's early start-up is indeed unique and far-sighted. Because at that time, many enterprises only knew how to do business and didn't understand the importance of brands.
She took more than 6000 kinds of new products to the exhibition, which became an instant hit and became famous for a time, and international orders followed. Interestingly, Swarovski, who rejected her earlier, was personally invited by the person in charge of the company and specially sent a special plane to pick her up for a visit to the Austrian headquarters.
The success of jewelry business and Swarovski's special respect made her think that she could build a business empire side by side with Swarovski Group. So what should we do?
Zhou Xiaoguang finally targeted the real estate industry for three main reasons:
First, in 2004, she found that the profit of the jewelry industry was already very thin.
Second, the company must be diversified if it wants to be bigger and stronger.
Third, the real estate industry has high profits and touches money.
But at this time, she didn't know that the lasso of fate had already slipped away.
She founded Guangxin Real Estate Development Co., Ltd., and successively invested in Dongyang International Building Materials Market, developed Yiwu World Trade Center and invested in Crowne Plaza Qiandao Lake, a holiday resort.
For a while, Guangxin seemed to have made great achievements in the real estate industry, but is cross-border really that simple?
Behind the glamorous real estate transcripts, there have already been huge financial hidden dangers. Because the real estate industry is different from jewelry, it needs huge capital turnover, and Guangxin's development speed is particularly fast, so the company's financial pressure can be imagined.
On balance, Zhou Xiaoguang chose "borrowing". 20 1 1, the company issued 1 bonds, and raised funds1600 million yuan. Since then, she has been fascinated by the routine of "borrowing the old and returning the new", raising funds while issuing new debts; While holding the borrowed money, I went to pay back the loans of financial institutions.
At this point, she has fallen into a strange circle of diversified development. If we can stop in time and adjust the pace of the industry, we may not plant bitter fruit. However, there is no if. Her ambition further expanded, and in 20 14, she put forward a high-profile plan-the group's 100 billion dream plan.
At that time, the company's assets were 26 billion, how to quickly realize the dream of 100 billion?
Zhou Xiaoguang decided to go public, and its first backdoor listing failed in the same year. As a result, in the following year, she raised 3.2 billion yuan in just half a month and successfully listed on the backdoor. But the price is a gambling agreement, which needs to complete the performance of 4 billion yuan in three years. It is almost difficult to finish, but she is full of confidence.
With the success of the listing, the stock price soared. In 20 16, the couple ranked 53rd on the Hurun Report with a net worth of 30 billion. In the second year, he ranked 65 th with a net worth of 33 billion yuan.
20 18 In March, Zhou Xiaoguang ranked 26th in Hurun's list of self-made women rich in the world with a personal wealth of/kloc-0.85 billion yuan, and also successfully topped the throne of Zhejiang's richest woman.
But this is the last highlight of her entrepreneurial career, and the noose of fate has begun to tighten.
First, the gambling agreement, the house can not be sold, and the profit is in the foreseeable future. It rained all night, and the bonds issued on 20 1 1 were due for payment.
By September, the corporate debt crisis broke out in an all-round way, and many bonds were disclosed to be in default. Subsequently, the stock was frozen, and in June 1 1, the stock price began to plummet, from 15 yuan to 1.5 yuan.
Even if Zhou Xiaoguang tried his best to sell assets everywhere and attract investment, there was nothing he could do. In the end, she was burdened with a high debt of 46.9 billion yuan. Because there is no debt, she is included in the list of dishonesty, also known as "Lao Lai".
There is a classic saying in "Chicken feathers fly to the sky": "Chicken feathers are light, but as long as there is a little wind, they can fly to the sky." Indeed, with the help of a chicken feather, Zhou Xiaoguang has successfully taken off and accumulated wealth that ordinary people can't think of.
But at her peak, she was obsessed with diversified development and eventually fell into the whirlpool of debt. Being unable to extricate oneself from approaching the age of sixty not only ruined the achievements of the past 40 years, but also carried the title of "Lao Lai".
It can be seen that although chicken feathers can make people fly to the sky, they can also make people fall into the dilemma of chicken feathers. Life experiences, sighs and hundreds of billions of dreams are all dreams. What do you think of Zhou Xiaoguang?
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Author: Zhu