In 1960s, Lewis Alvarez of the University of California, Berkeley, illuminated the Hafra Pyramid in Egypt with meson rays, thus taking the world's first "meson perspective view" of the pyramid. This caused a sensation in the field of physics, and he became the winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics. However, so far, this exploration has not made any substantial progress, which may be the real attraction of the pyramid.
According to historical records, the residents of Teotihuacan first appeared from 800 BC to 450 AD, and the city had a population of 200,000 in its heyday. At that time, agriculture was quite developed, local residents were able to build terraces, dig canals for irrigation, plant crops such as corn, tomatoes, cotton, cocoa and tobacco, and the handicraft industry also had a certain scale. The ancient city has frequent trade exchanges with various places and has gradually become the center of religion, politics, economy, trade and social culture. Teotihuacan's influence also extended to Guatemala and other Central American countries. It was the largest city in the United States at that time and one of the world's metropolises. Until the beginning of the 8th century, the ancient city was suddenly abandoned into ruins and its residents disappeared.
There are different opinions about the reasons why the ancient city of Teotihuacan went from prosperity to extinction. One theory is that due to the invasion and burning of Toltec people, residents migrated south until a large area of Guatemala; Another way of saying this is that due to the epidemic of plague, residents moved northward and created Tula culture. Scientists have not reached a unified conclusion about pyramid of the sun and the Moon Pyramid. Archaeologists found a natural cave under the foundation of pyramid of the sun. Many ancient sacrificial relics were found in four secret rooms at the end of the cave, but there were no coffins. Therefore, they believe that, unlike the Egyptian pyramids, pyramid of the sun in Teotihuacan is not a mausoleum, but a place where gods are sacrificed. From 0/00 to 500 AD/KLOC, the ancients established a prosperous city-Teotihuacan on the plateau, about 25 miles away from today's Mexico City. Teotihuacan has uniform streets, and fifteen magnificent pyramids surround a huge square, which is more solemn and magnificent than any city in Europe at that time. It covers an area of about 8 square miles and has 200,000 residents. Then, 700 years before the Aztecs founded tenochtitlan, this ancient civilization, which was contemporary with ancient Rome, disappeared. Archaeologists' excavation of the Moon Pyramid, one of the oldest pyramids, brought this mysterious culture to the surface.
Yamayama is an associate professor at Aichi University in Japan and also works at Arizona State University. This tomb contains four human remains, animal bones, jewels and obsidian blades, which is more similar to the tomb of another pyramid-the Plumed Snake Pyramid. There is a piece of green in the tomb called "Butterfly".
Stone nose pendant. The reconstruction of the pyramid of light also includes the first use of "Tarud-Tabero architectural style to unify with other pyramid styles." However, no matter what the excavation team found, they could not solve the biggest mystery-why this 2000-year-old civilization disappeared. Before the Aztecs arrived. The Aztecs called this city "the residence of God", and they believed that the world was created from here. Archaeologists' excavation of the Moon Pyramid brought the mysterious Toltic culture to the surface. The excavated tunnel entered the interior of the pyramid, and it was observed that Teotihuacan people liked the new and hated the old for their architectural achievements. In hundreds of years, the pyramid has undergone at least six renovations, each time the new building is bigger than before and covers outside the old site. The first pyramid was built with small bricks around 100. The outermost layer is all made of huge stones, which is consistent with the pyramid style built around the square at the same time. The pyramid you see is 15 1 foot high, and the outer walls are arranged neatly with other buildings in the city.
Because the excavation runs through all levels of the pyramid, the discovered cultural relics provide the historical process of Teotihuacan. This latest discovery was made by a team led by Yamayama and Cabreira. Yamayama is an associate professor at Aichi University in Japan and also works at Arizona State University. Cabreira is from the National Institute of Anthropology and History. The mausoleum they found obviously belongs to the fifth phase of the building. There are four human remains, animal bones, jewels and obsidian blades in the grave.
The other tomb found belongs to the fourth phase of the building. There is only one bound male human body, other remains include wolves, jaguars, cougars, pythons and birds, and there are more than 400 other sacrifices, including large green stones, obsidian figurines, ritual knives and spears. Shanshan pointed out that "the sacrifices in this new tomb look very different", and it is more similar to the tomb of another pyramid-the Plumed Snake Pyramid.
For example, the blade of obsidian in the new tomb is green, which is not the color in Tomb No.4, but it can be seen everywhere in the tombs of the Plumed Snake Pyramid. There is a bluestone nose pendant named "Butterfly" in the new tomb. Shanshan said that it was "exactly the same as what we found in the Plumed Snake Pyramid". The military objects in the sacrifice and a large number of human bodies buried with them are similar to the feather snake mausoleum. Researchers unearthed 130 human remains in the plumed snake mausoleum, most of which may be prisoners of war.
This excavation shows the great leap in scale and complexity of the fourth phase of the building. This change makes it consistent with other buildings in the city. In addition, the renovation of the Moon Pyramid includes the first use of the architectural style of "Tarud-Tabero", which is unified with other pyramid styles.
With the progress of excavation, Shanshan expects to find more tombs, especially early buildings. Rough and loose rock structure may keep grave robbers away. He is confident that he knows his next move. Shanshan said, "We noticed that the mausoleum is located a few feet east of the north-south axis of the city. Their planning for the city is extremely accurate and there is almost no asymmetry. "
However, no matter what the excavation team found, they could not solve the biggest mystery-why this 2000-year-old civilization disappeared. Before the Aztecs arrived, this city, probably the largest in North America, was desolate everywhere. They named these great buildings, streets and squares, but they never moved in. The Aztecs called this city "the residence of God", and they believed that the world was created from here.
According to Mexican media reports on the 7th, a joint archaeological team composed of archaeologists and historians recently found 10 headless bodies at the Moon Pyramid Cemetery in Teotihuacan, a tourist resort in Mexico.
The joint archaeological team found 12 human bodies and some animal bones in a tomb on the fifth floor of the Moon Pyramid. Among them, 10 headless bodies were found, with their hands tied behind their backs, apparently beheaded. The other two intact bodies are decorated with beads and necklaces that imitate the shape of jawbones. The bones of animals include eagles and wolves, which are symbols of heroic soldiers in Teotihuacan culture.
Sanliang Sugiyama, a member of the joint archaeological team and a professor at Arizona State University in the United States, said that from the latest excavation results, it can be inferred that the beheading occurred during the construction of the pyramid. But it is not clear who the martyr is and what the significance of this behavior is.
The ruins of Teotihuacan ancient city are located about 56 kilometers northeast of Mexico City. The main components include the world-famous pyramid of the sun and the moon. Both pyramids are altars where ancient Indians held religious ceremonies. The ancient city of Teotihuacan was built in the 2nd century BC and reached its peak in the 5th century AD, when the population was about 200,000. Around the 7th century, this strange civilization suddenly disappeared. /kloc-In the 5th century, the Aztecs came to live in this ancient city that had been abandoned for many years, and named it Teotihuacan, meaning a place where people became gods. Up to now, no one knows which people who once lived in this ancient city belong to and what language they speak. The original name of the ancient city is also a mystery.