I. Tubo Dynasty
Tubo (AD 6 18-842, Tibetan:? Willie: bon chen po, which means "A Fan") is a political power established by ancient Tibetans on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which lasted more than 200 years from Zanri to Langdama.
The Tubo Dynasty was the first regime with a clear historical record in the history of * * *, and Songtsan Gambu was regarded as the actual founder of the country.
Under the unification of the Tubo dynasty, the various parts of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau condensed into powerful forces and gradually stepped out of the closed inland plateau, which made the ancient Tibetan society glow with vitality for the first time.
It has changed the original situation of scattered, scattered and isolated development. Through the construction of systems, laws and post stations, various small state power and tribal alliances have been integrated.
Due to the internal population movement and the expansion of social exchanges, the communication between Tibetan language and the whole cultural level has been promoted, and the cultural integration and growth of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have been realized.
Social production in Tibet is mainly agriculture and animal husbandry.
Crops include highland barley, wheat and buckwheat. Livestock include yaks, horses, camels and sheep. Handicraft industry includes charcoal burning, iron smelting, rubber manufacturing and wool weaving.
There are still a large number of inscriptions, wooden slips, documents and scriptures in the Tubo period, which are precious materials for studying Tubo society and history.
After the collapse of the Tubo Dynasty, China's history books in the Song, Yuan and early Ming Dynasties still generally referred to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the local people as "Tubo" or "Xifan".
Second, the list of monarchs
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Third, the monarch information.
1, on zannong capsule
On zannong capsule (? -629), 6 19-629.
Originally a Tubo leader, his ancestors were Tubo leaders.
When he came to power, he was young, sharp-minded, diligent and self-reliant. In 620 AD, he conquered Sotheby's and unified the * * * Plateau, and was honored as the king who was "as bright as the sky and as strong as the Tianshan Mountains".
Lang Rilun praised new noble, who made contributions in the unification war, after the reunification of the * * * Plateau, such as Niang Zanggu, Nong Fu Bo, Zhe Bengsheng, Ba Yu Zebu and Qiu Bobang, which aroused the hatred of the old nobles.
In his later years, the old nobles (three ministers of his father and three ministers of his mother) rebelled one after another and took the opportunity to poison them. Many of his men defected one after another, and Tubo split again.
2. Songzangan
Songzan Gambu (Willie: Srong-btsan Sgam-po, Tibetan Pinyin: Songzain Gambo；; 6 17-650).
The Book of the New Tang Dynasty abandons clan worship and peasant worship, Yuan Gui Bookstore abandons clan worship, worships Song Dynasty worship, and does not admire peasants, while Tongdian abandons the worship of Su Nong.
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Poor Wadaze (now Shannan Qiongjie) people.
According to the unearthed Tibetan document Chronology of Tubo Events, Songzan Gambo died in 649 (650 in the first year of Yonghui in Tang Gaozong, China) and stayed in Sapporo for more than 20 years.
According to Tibetan tradition, Songtsan Gampo was the 33rd Zambo of the Tubo Dynasty, and was actually the king of the Tubo Dynasty.
During his reign (629-650), he moved the capital to Luoyang (now * * * *), pacified the Tubo civil strife, surrendered to Toarey Yang, unified * * *, and formally established the Tubo kingdom ruled by slave owners.
He developed agriculture and animal husbandry production, popularized irrigation, ordered people to formulate characters, promulgated "Grand Purpose" to govern Tubo, dealt with the relationship between Zambian royal family and aristocratic families, small states and all social strata, created administrative and military systems, set up official ranks, promulgated laws and regulations, unified measurement and taxation systems, and promoted the all-round political, economic and cultural development of Tubo.
The political, military, economic and legal systems of Tubo were established, and Buddhism was introduced from the Tang Dynasty and Tianzhu.
In the fifteenth year of Zhenguan (64 1), Songzan Gambo went to Baihai (now the Eling Lake in Zhaling Lake, Qinghai Province) to marry Princess Wencheng, a female royal family in the Tang Dynasty.
Tang made him the governor of Xu and the king of Xihai County.
Songtsan Gambu also sent aristocratic children to Chang 'an to study Chinese studies and poetry books, and asked China scholars to take charge of their books.
In Tang Gaozong, Songzan Gambo presented fifteen kinds of gold and silver jewelry, which promoted the cultural exchange between China and Tibet.
3. Mansong Manzan
Manson manzan (? -676), "Tongdian" was used as a beggar.
According to Tibetan tradition, he was the 34th Zanpu of the Tubo Dynasty (650-676).
He is the son of * * * on * *, born of Tugu Hunfei.
He is also the grandson of Songzan Gambu.
In 650, after the death of Songzan Gambu, Mansong Mangzan acceded to the throne at a young age, assisted by Daxiang Guelton Zanyu Song (Lu Dongzan in China literature).
According to Tibetan historical records, Mansong Mangzan died in 676.
Buried on the left side of Songtsan Gambuling Mausoleum, the mausoleum is full of treasures, and it is called "Osei Shabo" Mausoleum.
His son Juniper Moboje succeeded him to the throne.
4. Chi Dezu Zan
Chidezuzan (Tibetan pinyin: Kriê zukzai, Willie: khri-lde-gtssug-btsan, 704-755), translated again, praised by Yong Dezu, abandoned by Li Zuzan, abandoned by overlapping ancestors, abandoned by Li Zuzan, begged by Li Lazan, etc.
According to Tibetan tradition, he was the 36th Zanbu of the Tubo Dynasty, and his reign was from 704 to 755.
During his reign, he married Princess Jincheng of the Tang Dynasty. Since then, he has fought with the Tang Dynasty many times, lost Qinghai after defeat, and made peace with the Tang Dynasty.
It failed to compete with the Tang dynasty for hegemony in the western regions, and the Tang dynasty controlled the western regions for a long time.
In 755 AD, he was killed by ministers Lang Meise and Mo Dong Zebu in Yadebe City.
5. Long Da horse
Rondama (A.D. 799-842) (reigned from 838 to 842) was originally called "Dama", also known as "Rondama". During his reign, Rondama took measures to ban Buddhism, which was called "Rondama destroyed Buddhism" in history. Buddhists regard it as the reincarnation of cattle, so they call it "Langdama" ("Lang").
In 842, Rondama was assassinated by Buddhist monk Lalong Bejidorje.
After his death, Hu Wei, his two sons, competed for each other's position and split with Tubo.
Baidu encyclopedia-Tubo
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zannong Capsule
Baidu Encyclopedia-Langdama
Baidu Encyclopedia-Song Zan Gan Bu