On the picturesque Xizi Lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, there are two famous people in ancient China. Although they lived in different dynasties, they have a lot in common: they are noble and loyal; The same meritorious service, fame and shock; Similarly, he didn't get the reward of merit, and he died tragically in an "unwarranted" unjust prison. One of them is the legendary hero Yue Fei, a famous anti-Jin general in the Song Dynasty, who once galloped in the Central Plains with the "Yue Jiajun", making the Jin Dynasty army fearful. The other is Yu Qian, the minister of the Ming Dynasty.
Yu Qian, whose real name is Ting Yi, was born in Qiantang, Zhejiang (now Hangzhou). He has been smart since childhood, reading and reciting all the time, and his writing style is beautiful for poetry. He admired ancient people with lofty ideals, especially Wen Tianxiang, a famous minister in the Southern Song Dynasty, and was determined to go through fire and water for the rise and fall of the country. In the 19th year of Yongle (142 1), he was admitted as a scholar and embarked on his official career. During his tenure as an imperial envoy, he went to Jiangxi and rehabilitated hundreds of unjust prisons, which won the trust of Emperor Xuanzong of Ming Dynasty. He moved the right assistant minister of the Ministry of War and toured Henan and Shanxi. Wherever he went, he extended his visit to his elders, sympathized with the sufferings of the people and changed the politics that harmed the people. Wei Hui won the hearts of the people and was praised far and near. Before he left, officials from Shanxi and Henan wrote to ask for thousands of people to stay with an open mind. In the 13th year of Ming Dynasty (1448), an emergency brought the Ming Dynasty to the brink of collapse. It was in this turmoil that Yu Qian saved the day, became famous at home and abroad, and made great contributions. This is the "rebellion".
The origin of "Wen Bian" should start with the authority of eunuch Wang Zhen. Wang Zhen, a Confucian scholar, was born in Yuzhou (now Yuxian County, Hebei Province) and once taught. After that, he entered the Royal Academy, was appreciated by Ming Xuanzong, and was sent to the East Palace to serve Yingzong. After the death of Emperor Xuanzong of Ming Dynasty, Yingzong was 9 years old. Major events in North Korea are presided over by the first courtier. Wang Zhen is good at camouflage, which makes cabinet ministers such as "Sanyang" (Yang Shiqi, Yang Pu and Yang Rong) have a good impression on him. However, under the guidance of his kindness, the young Yingzong was afraid of him and only called him "Mr." and dared not call him by his first name. Later, "Sanyang" and other important officials were unable to continue to hold power because of their old age and weak health, which gave Wang Zhenguang the opportunity to plant private parties and intervene in state affairs. Once, the ministers of the Yingzong banquet, according to the ancestral motto, "Eunuchs are not allowed to go to the banquet", did not expect Wang Zhen to break into a furious rage in Nagong. Yingzong was frightened, so he quickly opened the palace door and invited him to attend. The civil and military officials also got up to meet him. This shows Wang Zhen's position in North Korea. The eunuch in Ming Dynasty was good at monopolizing power, which originated from Wang Zhen.
The most important means for Wang Zhen to seize power was to control the young Yingzong. From the beginning of Emperor Yingzong's accession to the throne, Wang Zhen influenced politics by secretly instigating. In order to make courtiers feel his role, Wang Zhen often instructed English sects to criticize ministers. For example, Wang Ji, the minister of war, wrote a letter on the frontier. For some reason, he didn't reply on the 5th. Wang Zhen asked Yingzong to call Ji Wang and reprimanded him: "Are you bullying me young?" Namely, ordering arrest and imprisonment. In order to please Wang Zhen, North Korean officials often impeach officials for no reason. "Since the princes, soldiers and horses, and ministers were all admonished, they were all disintegrated, imprisoned, or sent to Dutch schools, and they were almost dead." Another important means of Wang Zhen's power is to take advantage of the arrogance of the Royal Guards. Appoint nephew Wang Shan as the Tongzhi Governor of the Royal Guards and Wang Lin as the Governor of the Royal Guards. For those officials who are dissatisfied with their own power and administration, they fabricated charges out of thin air and brutally persecuted them, which made the civil and military officials feel frightened, and some ministers who were in favor tried their best to curry favor with them to avoid death. The Duke and Marquis felt that they were in danger. They respectfully called Wangzhen "Weng's father".
Wang Zhen is good at making the ruling and opposition parties full of smoke, but the situation on the northern border is getting more and more tense. Mongolia's Walla Department was powerful and often launched attacks on the border of the Ming Dynasty. It turned out that in the early Ming Dynasty, after the government defeated the remnants of the Yuan Dynasty, it set up health clinics under the jurisdiction of a few tribal leaders in the north and northwest. After the rise of Warrap, it gradually attacked these health centers, but the response of Yingzong and Wang Zhen was slow, which made Warrap occupy a large area in the north and northwest. In July of the 14th year of Orthodox Church (1449), the imperial Lord Valla came to power on the pretext that the Ming emperor had broken his word and was not allowed to marry him, and led various ministries to invade the mainland of the Ming Dynasty on a large scale. Among them, I personally led a group of people to attack Datong, a "nine-sided" town in the Ming Dynasty. As a result, the Ming defenders lost, and the castles outside Yanmenguan fell one after another.
One of the characteristics of Wang Zhen is that he likes great success. Faced with the grim situation in the border, he did not make overall arrangements and mobilized various military organizations to fight back vigorously, but blindly underestimated the enemy and thought that the "border people" were vulnerable. In order to establish immortal feats, he strongly encouraged the English clan to March northward. Yu Qian, then assistant minister of the Ministry of War, and other civil and military officials urged the Sixth Division not to treat it lightly before the enemy's situation was clear. However, Yingzong and Wang Zhen went their separate ways. After hasty preparations, they led more than 500,000 troops from Beijing to the north on July 16. Most of the rabble assembled temporarily are Beijing defenders. Their training time is not long, and they lack effective organization and coordination after starting their career. They often find themselves in trouble and their morale is low. After passing through Juyongguan, ministers began to advise Yingzong to go slow. Yingzong was puzzled by Wang Zhen's words and refused to listen. After the announcement of the government, it was stormy and the news that the army was advancing step by step came from the front line repeatedly. Wang Zhen not only didn't listen to the ministers' persuasion, but flew into a rage and blamed the admonisher. However, in Yanghe (now Yanggao County, Shanxi Province) near Datong, the rescue sergeant was terrified to see the bodies of the Ming soldiers who were also killed first. Coupled with inadequate preparation, the army is short of food, and the people are greatly uneasy and have no fighting spirit.
After the Ming army entered Datong, the cunning also took the initiative to retreat first, trying to lure the enemy deeper. Wang Zhen thought he retreated first because of timidity, and wanted to take this opportunity to continue his pursuit. However, Guo Jing, a former prison supervisor of his comrades in Datong, gave him a detailed report on the ferocity of Yexian army, and clearly pointed out that this department was also the first to lure the enemy. Wang Zhen couldn't help feeling scared and agreed to quit. However, there was another storm on the retreat route. At first, Wang Zhen wanted Yingzong to go to his hometown Yuzhou, so he decided to quit Zijingguan. However, on the way, Wang Zhen was worried that the army would pass by and trample on his crops. He turned to Fu Xuan temporarily, and the sergeant made a detour, which delayed precious time. At this time, it has also led the army to take the lead in attacking. All the soldiers who stopped the enemy in the Ming Dynasty were defeated, and the situation became more and more critical. When the remnants of the Ming dynasty fled to the civil fort, Wang Zhenjian stayed temporarily. And this place is only 20 miles away from Huailai County. Wang Zhen stuck to his guns and refused to listen to the minister's advice. As a result, he was surrounded by Mongolian troops. The Ming army has no water and is thirsty. Wang Zhen tried to move the camp to the water's edge. He retreated a little first and left the newly built moat. Unexpectedly, the first army took the opportunity to fight on all sides, and the Ming army was annihilated and out of control. 500 thousand troops were wiped out, and the bodies were everywhere, which was terrible. Ming Yingzong was captured and hammered to death by the furious bodyguard general Fan. This fiasco was a famous "civil rebellion" in the history of the Ming Dynasty.
When Yingzong and Wang Zhen started a war, they ordered their brother Zhu Qiyu to stay in the capital. In fact, it is Zhang Taihou who is in charge of state affairs. After the "uprising", the news reached the capital, and the ruling and opposition parties immediately fell into chaos. The 500,000 people brought by the Emperor's Northern Expedition were all elites of the Imperial Capital. At that time, the number of exhausted soldiers in Beijing was less than 65,438+10,000, and people were in turmoil. Minister Xu Li (later renamed) and others proposed to move the capital. Yu Qian stayed in Beijing as an assistant minister of the Ministry of War. Hearing this, he snapped, "Those who move south can be beheaded, and the capital is the foundation. If they move, they will leave with big events and they will be lonely. " Please summon the diligent king soldiers at once and swear to defend them to the death. "The rest of the civil servants and eunuchs also agree with Yu Qian. Zhang Taihou dismissed the idea of moving the capital and decided to stick to Beijing. As soon as the news came out, the officials and people in Beijing began to restore calm. Zhang Taihou put Xi Wang Zhu Chyi Yu in charge of state affairs.
Unexpectedly, on the first day of Zhu Qiyu's photo shoot, a storm suddenly broke out. Many courtiers learned from these mistakes and hated Wang Zhen's bossy behavior. When Chen Ying, the right suggestion, and others went to court in Zhu Qiyu, they cried bitterly and asked Wang Zhen to be ruled by his family to thank the world. Wang Zhen's best friend, Royal Guards, ordered Ma Shun to reprimand the ministers for stepping down. Wang Hai pounced on Ma Shun's hair, opened his mouth and bit his flesh. He scolded, "You bullied you by Wang Zhen. How dare you do this today!" The furious civil and military officials can't bear it. They rushed up and surrounded Ma Shun, who was immediately killed. At that time, the scene was very chaotic, and the horse took off his guard and confronted the ministers. If it is not stopped, it is impossible to clean it up. King Zhu Qiyu of Xi was at a loss and wanted to get up and go back to the palace. Yu Qian, who was present, came forward to protect Zhu Qiyu and asked him to announce to the ministers: "Ma Shun's crimes should be punished, and those who beat him should not be investigated." Hearing this, civil and military officials calmed down. In the chaos, Yu Qian's robes and sleeves were torn. Then, Zhu Qiyu ordered Wang Shan, Wang Zhen's best friend, to be taken to the execution ground for execution, and ordered Wang Zhen's family to be beheaded, with no furniture, more than 60 gold, silver and countless jewels. All the officials and people in the capital were very happy and rushed to tell each other.
In this series of emergencies, Yu Qian was awe-inspiring and decisive, and was revered by people in the ruling and opposition circles. At that time, a respected official, Wang Zhi, held Yu Qian's hand and was deeply moved: "When the country is in danger, it depends on the support of the public. Today, although there are hundreds of kings, what's the use! " As expected, Yu Qian also resolutely took national security as his responsibility and adopted several defense strategies, which were all adopted by Xi King Zhu Qiyu. After Yu Qian predicted the "rebellion", he would take advantage of the chaos in the Central Plains to expel the southern criminals. Serenade, the capital city, must go out to recruit reinforcements. On the other hand, Beijing should make all defensive preparations. Repair armor, repair war gear, divide troops to guard the nine gates of the capital, station outside the city, and move the rural residents to the city. At the same time, select a group of talented civil and military officials to shoulder heavy responsibilities. Yu Qian generously promised: "I will take care of military affairs, and I will be punished if I can't." This fearless spirit deeply touched Zhu Qiyu, so he listened to modesty.
In fact, after Yingzong was captured in the "Chinese Revolution", one of the most sensitive and thorny issues has been placed in front of civil and military officials. A country cannot live without a monarch for a day. In the feudal dynasty in the history of China, the monarch was the supreme ruler and the embodiment and master of all the power and interests of the country. The capture of Ming Yingzong caused the Ming Dynasty to fall into extreme embarrassment, and the monarch broke away from the dynasty entity. When Yingzong was exiled, under the pressure of Mongols, he frequently demanded property from all parts of the Ming Dynasty, and even asked the defenders to open the floodgates and cut off electricity, which made the Ming Dynasty officials and people helpless and in a dilemma. For example, when the Walla army took the British Sect outside Datong City, the commander of the Deng garrison refused to accept it. The English Sect sent a population to Deng Guo and said, "I have an in-laws friendship with you. Why did you refuse me? " Deng Guo generously replied: "I was ordered to guard the city, and I don't know anything else." Yingzong hated this. It can be seen that the ministers of the Ming dynasty have fallen into the confusion of loyalty to the monarch or defending the country. Guo Denggang is fierce and refuses to accept it. In fact, he made the choice of giving up the monarch to protect the country, which of course took a great risk. Yingzong was still the emperor of the dynasty, and it was a heinous crime to disobey the imperial edict and deceive the king.
On the other hand, after learning that Yingzong was captured, Zhang Taihou realized that "the artifact will have no owner". In order to stabilize the mood of his ministers and avoid the struggle for the throne, he decided to let Zhu Jianshen, the eldest son of Yingzong, be the prince first, and Zhu Qiyu, the king of the gallery, be the assistant. Zhu Jianshen is only 2 years old, and Zhu Qiyu is not in power yet, so he can't command and mobilize. Defenders all over the country are watching and are at a loss. However, it is also necessary to hold Yingzong hostage for property and then go back to the north to have a rest, but it will definitely make a comeback soon. If Yingzong is held hostage for the same purpose, the efforts of Yu Qian and others will be in vain. Beijing can only give up. After Ning, the eunuch who followed Yingzong, was captured, he not only leaked the confidential military information of the Central Plains to his former master, but also made a plan to teach him to go to the border on the orders of Yingzong, coerce the commander to switch, and ordered the company commanders to rush out and take the opportunity to capture it, so that he could occupy the northern part of China with no effort. I was overjoyed and decided to stick to the plan.
The cruel reality forced the civil and military officials of the Ming Dynasty to make a clear choice. Yu Qian and others assessed the situation and weighed the pros and cons. Finally, on the first day of September, they jointly invited Zhang Taihou to say, "The British emperor is in exile, and the crown prince is young. The ancients said that' the country is fortunate to have a long monarch'." Please make a big plan to defend the country. "Propose that Xi be the Qiyu of the Emperor of Wang Zhu. Zhang Taihou agreed, and Yu Qian and other officials told Zhu Qiyu on the orders of the Queen Mother and made him a big official. It is said that Zhu Qiyu repeatedly grovelled in panic and even fled back to his mansion. Yu Qian and other civil and military ministers begged. Yu Qian said: "We are not out of selfishness, but for national security. "It happened that at this time, Qian Yue was ordered to go to the embassy and return, and Yingzong's message was passed down from mouth to mouth. Because Wang Xianming was old, he was appointed as the heir to the throne. Zhu Qiyu promised to come down and reign on September 6th. Yingzong was the emperor's father, the following year was the first year of Jingtai (1540), and Zhu Qiyu was the emperor of Jingtai (or Dai Zong).
Facts have proved that the estimation of officials such as Yu Qian is completely correct, and Jingtai Emperor ascended the throne in time to defeat the conspiracy of others. On the first day of October, he led the Walla army to embrace Yingzong and then went to the gate of Datong, falsely claiming that he would surrender to the emperor and return to Beijing, so that Deng Guo and other generals could be relieved to meet the enemy. Guo ordered the soldiers to stand guard, and first sent an envoy to tell him: "Thanks to the spiritual protection of the Heaven and Earth Society, the country has an emperor." I didn't dare to storm first, so I had to detour Datong to continue south. Deng Guo immediately sent people to Beijing for emergency. When the capital heard the news, the whole city was under martial law. Zhu Qiyu ordered you to send troops into Beijing, and at the same time ordered Yu Qian to be the prefect of all battalions, who was solely responsible for temperance, and commanded those who were disobedient below to move before moving. At that time, some people were dissatisfied that Zhu Qiyu gave Yu Qian too much power. Eunuch Xing 'an argued: "Share the worries for the country, if it is good for the public, how many people will there be!" Indeed, after the "National Revolution", Yu Qian was ordered to work day and night, which was not only relied on by the civil servants in Zhu Qiyu and the DPRK, but also played an important role in inspiring the morale of the military and civilians in Beijing. And some incompetent ministers impeached by Yu Qian are naturally very jealous of money. In Zhu Qiyu, when discussing defense countermeasures with civil and military officials of Manchu Dynasty, Yu Qian showed outstanding military talents. Shi Heng, the company commander, suggested that all the nine gates in Beijing should be closed to prevent the war from going out of the city, so as to defeat the Walla army. Yu Qian objected that he was arrogant first, and he felt more fearless if he didn't go to the battlefield. Therefore, he advocated that all defenders of the Ming Dynasty should go outside the city to meet the enemy. This strategy was supported by Zhu Qiyu and the Minister of Civil Affairs and Military Affairs.
According to this countermeasure, Yu Qian set up more than 200 thousand defenders outside the nine gates of the capital, and closed the city gate as much as possible, indicating that he would fight to the death and never retreat. Yu Qian, Shi Heng and others were stationed outside Deshengmen, just in front of the soldiers. At the same time, he ordered: "If you retreat when you get cold feet, you will advance and retreat, and you will undoubtedly lose; If the soldiers don't listen to the order, they will retreat first, and the latter team will smash the former team. " As the head coach, Yu Qian, dressed in full armor, took the lead, charged everywhere, eloquent, and tearful, telling the story of the soldiers of the three armed forces serving the country faithfully. The Ming defenders were extremely excited and high in morale, and vowed to fight to the death with the Vara army and the capital.
Just as the defenders of the Ming dynasty were waiting for battle, the Walla army also advanced outside Beijing. 10/day 1 1 day, the ancestors hijacked Yingzong and boarded Tucheng, and the traitor eunuch Ning instigated the ministers of the Ming Dynasty to go out to meet him. Jingtai Emperor Zhu Qiyu was helpless and sent Wang Fu, Zhao Rong and others out of the city to appear before him. First of all, because they are junior officials, they asked Yu Qian, Shi Heng, Wang Zhi and other ministers to come forward and demand tens of millions of gold and silk. Emperor Jingtai and some ministers wanted to make peace for fear of arrogance, but Yu Qian resolutely opposed it and vowed to fight on. When Walla cavalry attacked Deshengmen, Yu Qian set an ambush to lure the enemy in, and then by surprise, Walla troops suffered heavy casualties. In other places, the Ming army also won. When Sergeant Valla returned to Tucheng, residents in this area boarded the roof and beat the enemy with tiles. Ming dynasty reinforcements arrived in time, and Valla troops were forced to retreat.
At the same time, the Walla army that attacked Juyongguan also suffered heavy losses. When the news came, there was panic at first. I also heard that reinforcements were coming from all over the Ming Dynasty, and I had no intention of fighting again, so I set out to retreat north. The Ming Dynasty won a great victory in defending Beijing. In order to reward the contributions of Yu Qian, Shi Heng and others, Shi Heng made Yu Qian the marquis of Wuqing, added Shao Bao to Yu Qian, and served as the military affairs governor.
Xian Ye's failure triggered internal contradictions in Valla. Khan can't get rid of the monopoly of discontent. The envoy made friends with the Ming Dynasty, and Emperor Jingtai listened to the minister's proposal and gave him a generous reward to alienate him. Despite this failure, it didn't consume too much physical strength. Encouraged by Xining, he launched an attack on the border of Ming Dynasty. Unexpectedly, in Datong, Deng Guo, the garrison commander of the Ming Dynasty, took it by surprise, rode 800 troops to break the Walla army, and sealed Dingxiang Hou with merit. Trapped in the enemy camp, Yingzong also hated Ning for luring the enemy to the border, designed him to go to Beijing to ask for property, and secretly told the border officials to arrest him. As a result, Xi Ning was punished. Since then, I have been afraid to make a move because I don't know the military situation around me. After Tuotuo Buhua and others got through with the Ming Dynasty, they withdrew their military forces one after another, suffered repeated setbacks, and had no intention of fighting again, so they began to negotiate with the Ming court on the condition of returning Yingzong. At this point, it should be said that the Beijing Defence War led by Yu Qian has won a decisive victory.
A wave of unrest, another wave. The Ming court had no time to celebrate and reward, so there was a fierce dispute with Yingzong. At first, British sects were threatened, and peace talks were often blackmailed. However, this time, this time, we also sent a letter to make peace. Obviously, there is some sincerity, which makes the Ming Dynasty really embarrassed. Minister Wang bluntly said to his ministers, "Go back to the emperor first and make peace with me. This is indeed an opportunity to turn disaster into happiness. Please accept his invitation and welcome him back. " Unexpectedly, this sentence just touched the heart of Emperor Jingtai. "There are no two days in the sky, and there are no two kings in the country." Welcome back to the British Sect will inevitably lead to a battle for the throne. As the younger brother of Yingzong, Emperor Jingtai should give up his position, but this is of course a very reluctant thing for Emperor Jingtai. So Emperor Jingtai refused on the grounds that he had repeatedly borrowed money to negotiate fraud. But soon, the Wala messenger came again, and Wang Zhi and others played again: "The emperor's father is dusty, and the northern border will be welcomed back. Don't regret it another day." Emperor Jing suddenly became unhappy and said, "I am not greedy for big positions." You supported it at first, but it was not my intention. " When this statement came out, the civil and military officials present were dumbfounded and dared not speak again.
Obviously, Emperor Jingtai equated the return of Yingyingzong with the restoration of Yingyingzong, which was the most sensitive and thorny issue. Emperor Jingtai is forcing his officials to answer this fundamental question. Officials are naturally speechless and dare not talk nonsense. In silence, Yu Qian made a decisive decision and calmly replied: "God's will has been decided, why not have him?" Coulee should welcome you soon. In case he cheats, I have a word. Emperor Jingtai was very happy to hear this. He said, "From you, from you. "At this point, we agree to welcome. Yu Qian's choice is undoubtedly wise and feasible. If the legal and reasonable status of Jingtai Emperor is not clear, and one-sided emphasis on catering to the British Sect will inevitably lead to a new battle for the throne. It is certainly unacceptable for Jingtai Emperor to make way for his younger brother. On the other hand, he only obeyed the wishes of Emperor Jingtai and refused to marry Yingzong. If it is unreasonable, it will be laughed at by officials and people all over the world. Therefore, Yu Qian first admitted that the legal status of Jingtai Emperor was unshakable, which reassured Jingtai Emperor. At the same time, he pointed out that catering is reasonable and has to be done, which makes Jingtai Emperor unable to refuse.
Yu Qian's suggestion was the only feasible plan at that time, but its tendency was quite obvious. Since the British Emperor Wen Bian was captured, Yu Qian has always advocated that "the country is important and the monarch is light", which is an important reason for Jingtai Emperor to ascend to the throne. According to this view, the country is above everything else and the king can change it. It was with the support of this proposition that Yu Qian and others supported Jingtai Emperor to defend Beijing, and completely shattered the plot of Xian Ye, Xining and others to threaten Yingzong. When the country was in danger, the clear choice to turn the tide saved the Ming Dynasty from the biggest disaster since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Yu Qian contributed a lot, and his choice of staying calm in a crisis was impeccable. This is also the most important factor leading to the first return to the British Sect.
However, it is also the day when Yu Qian and others are expected to be embarrassed when Yingzong returns to China to attend the funeral. The country is safe, but there can only be one king. Yu Qian resolutely chose Jingtai Emperor and linked his fate with Jingtai Emperor. Other civil and military ministers hesitated, and both ends of the first mouse wandered in this dilemma. Yu Qian, who is famous for her fortitude, naturally won't be such a model of women and children. Later, it turned out that although this clear attitude was understandable, he himself had to bear the risks brought about by it. Yingzong has always been worried about Qian's statement that "the country is important and the monarch is light."
Emperor Jingtai's attitude that he doesn't want his brother back is very clear. Just after the deliberation, Xing 'an, the eunuch, stepped forward and reprimanded the ministers with an expression on his face: "Who can take this position if you want to report to the fortress? Does he want to be Wen Tianxiang and Fu Bi? " Wang Zhi, the old minister present, couldn't bear to answer: "Can I retreat when I eat the national salary?" Xing 'an has nothing to say. Shi Li, an important official of does, showed mercy, and Emperor Jingtai promoted Shi Li to assistant minister of does, traveling with Luo Qi, Ma Xian and others. However, after Li Shi received the first letter from Emperor Jingtai, he found that he was not welcomed by Yingzong. Scared and humiliated, please enter the palace urgently. When he met Xing 'an on the way, Xing 'an reprimanded him: "You just go, and the rest will be taken care of!" Shi Li was helpless, but he came back in despair.
Shi Li and others immediately went to see Yingzong after they arrived at Valla camp. When the monarch met the minister, he couldn't help crying. Later, Zhu Qizhen asked eagerly, "I have been here for a year. Why doesn't the court welcome me back? " He added: "You can reply to the current emperor and officials. After I go back, I can guard the graves of my ancestors or be a common people. " This shows that Zhu Qizhen is bent on returning to Beijing. When Shi Li saw this, he preached first: "The letter from the emperor only talks about peace, and there is no intention of returning to the emperor's father. He stays here, but he is just an idle man. I will pay you back, so as to gain a thousand-year reputation. Please go back and tell the current emperor to send eunuchs and old ministers to see him. " Obviously, the attitude of returning Zhu Qizhen first is quite clear. Shi Li is naturally the victim.
Under the impetus of ministers, Emperor Jingtai was helpless and sent Yang Shan to lead the mission. However, there is still no language to welcome Yingzong in this letter. Yang Shan looked at one after another, very puzzled. Fortunately, Yang Shan is clever and eloquent. He explained, "My husband wants to achieve your good name. If the letter clearly contains. Public equality is forced by your orders. How can you show the sincerity of public equality and peace? " I heard it for the first time and agreed to publish it in Zhu Qizhen. It can be seen that the return of Zhu Qizhen was not the original intention of Emperor Jingtai. Meng Sen, an expert in Ming and Qing history, once brilliantly analyzed: "(Ming history) is attributed to (Yang's) good rhetoric, which is a very strong appearance! There is no king of the main battle. Will all hard-working generals be defeated by the enemy? The standard of today's ancient and modern discussions is also! "
The return of the British Sect can be described as a blessing to share weal and woe. It should have been a happy thing that "brothers meet and laugh for the rest of their lives." However, due to the narrow measurement and excessive suspicion of Emperor Jingtai, the Ming court was full of twists and turns in welcoming the emperor's father, which inevitably made Zhu Qizhen in trouble "have a different taste". Yingzong was released by the Walla people. As the emperor's father, he should be greeted with a grand ceremony, while Emperor Jingtai issued a decree to greet Juyongguan with "two horses in one place" and drive in Andingmen, Beijing. Liu Fu said that the gift was too thin, and Emperor Jingtai replied, "Yesterday, I received a letter from the Emperor Tai requesting a simple welcoming ceremony. How can I object! " All the civil and military officials in the Manchu dynasty were too scared to make any noise. At this moment, Wan Errong wrote a letter to Gong, asking them to be kind to the books submitted by Yingzong, Wang Zhi and others and another speech published. Emperor Jingtai was extremely unhappy and refused.
After Zhu Qizhen finally returned to Beijing, life was not easy. Emperor Jingtai was very worried that he would fight for the throne. After welcoming him back, he let him stay in the Nangong and began a de facto house arrest. Emperor Jingtai forbade courtiers to visit Yingzong, and also forbade Yingzong to associate with ministers privately. After all, before the "National Revolution", Zhu Qizhen had been emperor for 14 years, and he only stayed in the army of Wallachia for about a year. His influence on ministers was hard to ignore, and Emperor Jingtai had to guard against it. Another worry of Emperor Jingtai was that Zhu Jianshen, the eldest son of Yingzong, was still the Crown Prince, so he was bent on easy storage and made his son Zhu the Crown Prince by ear. Knowing the heart of Emperor Jingtai, the personal eunuch wanted to test the ministers. As it happens, a local official in Guangxi was afraid of being dealt with by the court for killing people, so he wrote a letter condemning Zhu Qizhen's mistakes in his country and asked Yidong Palace to ensure the safety of the world. Emperor Jingtai was very happy and called the ministers to discuss. When the ministers were silent, Xing 'an, the eunuch, advocated that the legislators should sign their names. However, the ministers did not dare to openly oppose it, and signed one by one, making Zhu Jianji the prince and changing the original prince to the king of Iraq.
At that time, Yu Qian, as one of the important officials relied on by Emperor Jingtai, worked hard to strengthen the defense force of the capital and ensure the safety of Beijing. He concentrated on reforming the military system in Beijing camp. Among them, "group camp" is an important contribution to the military construction of the Ming Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, the defenders in Shi Jing were divided into three camps: the Fifth Army, the Three Thousand Army and Ji Shen. Because they were founded in different years, they are self-contained and do not belong to each other. Yu Qian selected 6,543,800 elite soldiers from the 3rd Battalion, divided them into five battalions, and then expanded them to 654.38+ 00 battalions. Well-organized, layers of containment, 10 camp has a company commander, directly under the Ministry of War. Yu Qian's reform greatly enhanced the fighting capacity of the Ming army.
After some efforts, Emperor Jingtai seems to have been firmly seated in the world, and the difficulties caused by "civil strife" seem to have vanished. However, something unexpected happened and another disaster came quietly. In the fourth year of Jingtai (1453), the newly established Prince Zhu suddenly died of illness by chance, and the matter of the Crown Prince once again made Emperor Jingtai nervous. Because he had only one son, some officials who didn't know what to do asked Zhu Jianshen, the son of Yingzong, to be reinstated, which made Jingtai Emperor angry and ordered him to be tortured. On the other hand, the monitoring of Nangong Zhu Qizhen has been strengthened. In the eighth year of Jingtai (1457), Zhu Qiyu could not afford to get sick, and the Prince of the East Palace had not yet been determined, which caused anxiety among ministers. Emperor Jingtai insisted on refusing to give up the throne. Yu Qian led the minister of civil and military affairs to ask for an early decision on the position of the East Official. Emperor Jingtai refused to reply, only promised to make a decision when he went to court on the 17th day of the first month. Just before the early dynasty of 17, there was a famous "change of seizing the door" in the history of the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Qizhen, who lived in Nangong, ascended the throne again under the conspiracy of Shi Heng, Xu Youzhen and others, so it was also called "Nangong Restoration".
In advance, Shi Heng visited Jingtai Emperor before he died. Seeing that Jingtai Emperor had no hope of recovery, he got wind that Wang Zhi and other etiquette had the intention of re-establishing Zhu Jianshen, so he had a secret discussion with Zhang Xun, Yang Shan, eunuchs and others, and thought that it would be better to re-establish the East Palace and then reset the Emperor's Father (Zhu Qizhen), which would be meritorious. They put forward this proposal to TaiChangQing Bin Xu, and Xu Bin deeply agreed with it, and recommended Xu Youzhen who was good at making strange strategies. When Xu Youzhen learned about it, he asked Shi Heng and others to ask Zhu Qizhen's permission first. On the 16th day of the first month, Shi Heng and others found Xu Youzhen again and told him that they had got the approval of the emperor's father. After watching the astronomical phenomena, Xu Youzhen decided to start work that evening.
Emperor Jingtai has decided to go to court on 17, and courtiers such as Yu Qian and Wang Zhi also signed a letter, please re-establish Zhu Jianshen as Prince. Just then, Shi Heng, Xu Youzhen and others stepped forward and took action. They led the soldiers into the garrison sergeant and entered the inner court at dusk. The gate of the Nangong could not be opened, so they ordered the soldiers to hang giant trees and destroy the wall, and carried Zhu Qizhen to the Donghuamen by raft. The gatekeeper refused, and Zhu Qizhen declared, "I am too emperor." The gatekeeper was afraid and opened the door to let him go. Xu Youzhen and others entered the back of the Mukden Temple and knocked on the drums to open the door. At that time, hundreds of officials waiting for the early morning were waiting in their cells. Suddenly, they heard that there was a great chaos in the temple, and they were shocked. Xu Youzhen announced loudly: "The emperor's father has been reset!" Let a hundred officials congratulate. Zhu Qizhen also announced that his ministers were still in their original positions. Xu Youzhen was appointed as a member of the Cabinet and participated in the maintenance work.
Yu Qian became the first victim after the "change of seizing the door". In fact, Yu Qian did not openly oppose the restoration of the British Sect. However, in order to reproduce the majesty of the past, Yingzong naturally wanted to make an example of it. Several people who planned "regime change" not only vindicated their actions, but also shocked the dissatisfaction of civil and military officials. Therefore, Yu Qian became an inevitable victim. Xu Youzhen, the main planner of this "stealing the door". After the outbreak of "Civil Reform", it was Academician Li Xu who advocated moving the capital. This proposal was unanimously condemned by the minister of civil and military affairs headed by Yu Qian, and was driven out of the court by eunuchs Jin Ying and others on the spot. This great humiliation made him extremely embarrassed and angry, and he had a gnashing hatred for money and others. Jingtai emperor also looked down on Xu Li, which naturally affected Xu Li's promotion. On one occasion, Xu Li desperately wanted to get the official position of wine offering. When reviewing the file, Emperor Jingtai said, "Is this Xu Li who advocates moving south?" I think this man is treacherous and has ulterior motives. Taking him as a drink offering will ruin the minds of all beings. "flatly refused. At that time, Emperor Jingtai was more important than humility, especially in the appointment, removal and selection of officials. Xu Li thought it was Yu Qian who got in the way, and his resentment against En Qian was growing. Later, Xu Li fawned on Minister Chen Xun, and Chen Xun suggested that he change his name to deceive Emperor Jingtai. Xu Li changed her name to Xu Youzhen. As expected, she fooled Jingtai Emperor before being used. Xu Youzhen, who was in power after the "change of seizing the door", naturally took Yu Qian as the first object of operation in order to avenge an arrow.
Shi Heng, another main character in the "Change of Taking the Door", was originally a general hand-picked by Yu Qian, and Yu Qian was grateful to him. By rights, he should be grateful to him, but because Yu Qian's character is too honest and selfless, his relationship with Shi Heng is also quite tense. For example, after the victory of defending Beijing, Shi Heng was named marquis of Wuqing, in charge of the military forces in the capital. Yu Qian took the lead, but the official insurance was less, from the second product to the first product. Shi Heng couldn't help feeling guilty, so he deliberately recommended Yu Qian's son Guan Yu to be an official, but Yu Qian resolutely refused. He said: "The country is in an eventful autumn, and officials can't care about personal feelings. Although Shi Heng is a top general, he did not recommend talents for the country, but recommended the son of a minister alone, which will be criticized. I use martial arts to avoid luck, and I never dare to reward my parents and children. " "Even if I want to ask for my son's position, I will personally intercede with the Holy One. Why should I fake Shi Heng's hand? " Yu Qian's words got a tacit answer, and he made a shakedown, but Shi Heng was very angry after hearing it, because Yu Qian not only didn't appreciate it, but exposed his background and bad intentions in front of Emperor Jingtai. Although Shi Heng himself is a military commander, he is greedy by nature, but Yu Qian is not ignorant. It's just the day when the country employs people, and it's not good to demand perfection. Moreover, Yu Qian has always made his merits and demerits clear, and has never been selfish. After Shi Heng's nephew Shi Biao took bribes and perverted the law, Yu Qian played impeachment, and Shi Biao was demoted to Datong. Shi Heng is even more angry and wants to wait for revenge.
Yu Qian was worried about his country and his family, especially when the Vara army invaded the south. I often live in the palace and don't go home to rest. He works with eunuchs.