The original "evocation"

I am young and honest, and I am loyal and not foaming.

The Lord is full of virtue and happiness, and he is guided by vulgarity and filth.

There is nothing to test in the world. This is a great success, and it is also long and painful.

The emperor said to Wuyang, "There are people down there, and I want to help them.

The soul is scattered, you can give it. "

Wu Yang said to him, "Stick to your dream! God:

It's hard to keep up; If you have to give it,

Thanks after fear can no longer be used. "

What is Wuyang's next move?

"Soul xi return! Go do your eternal work,

What is a square? Give up the pleasure of the monarch,

It is ominous to stay away from him. The soul is back!

The east can't hold some.

Although there are thousands of people, their souls are demanding.

On the tenth day, I came out, a little more golden.

Both of them are inside, and their souls will be released.

Come back! You can't hold some.

The soul is back! The south can't stop.

Carve a black pool, you get human flesh as a sacrifice, and you get its bones as a sacrifice.

A poisonous snake seals a fox thousands of miles away.

There are nine males, who suddenly come and go, swallowing people and benefiting their hearts.

Come back! Don't be a slut for a long time

The soul is back! The harm of the west flows to the sand.

Spin into Yuan Lei, scattered and deep.

Fortunately, I have to take it off. It's spacious outside.

If red ants are like elephants, if mysterious bees are pots.

Grains are not born, and shrubs are eaten.

Its soil is rotten, and it's no use asking for water.

There seems to be nothing to rely on, and most of them have nothing to do.

Come back! I'm afraid I will leave a thief behind.

The soul is back! The north can't stop.

The ice is increasing and the snow is flying thousands of miles.

Come back! It can't be any longer.

The soul is back! You have no heaven.

Tiger and leopard pass nine levels, pecking the inferior people.

There are nine songs and nine thousand trees.

The jackal followed his eyes and went back and forth.

Hang people for fun and throw them into the abyss.

It's fatal to the emperor, and then you have to die.

Return! Afraid of danger.

The soul is back! It's quieter without you.

Tubo nine, the angle is slightly smaller.

Don't kill your thumbs, kill them one by one.

If you look at the head of a tiger, you will feel better.

It's all sweet.

Return! Afraid of self-destruction

The soul is back! Enter the repair door.

I wish you all the best, recite first.

Qin Gou, get some.

Get ready and keep shouting.

The soul is back! Go backwards.

Heaven and earth are everywhere, and there are many thieves and rapists.

Like a monarch's room, quiet and quiet.

The high hall is elegant and the threshold is more elegant.

The terraced fields are tired and the mountains are higher.

Net users decorated with Zhu and carved more.

There are luxury houses in winter, and it is colder in summer.

The valley path is complex and the water is gurgling.

The scenery turns bright, more envious of the blue.

After entering the Olympic Games through the hall, Zhu Chen will have a feast.

The bathroom is green, so hang some Qu Qiong.

Emerald bead quilt, rotten Guang Qi.

When painting the wall, turn it up a little.

Make up your mind and tie a better knot.

The scenery in the room is more precious and strange.

Blue ointment and bright candles, Huarong Road is ready.

28. Stay at the hotel and pass it on.

Ladies of the Nine Marquis, be on your guard.

Different systems are used to fill the palace.

Let's just say, be gentle.

If you are weak, you should have more intentions.

Improve your ability and make your room more spacious.

Beauty, your eyes are brighter.

I'm tired of reason, but I don't care much about it.

Leave the pavilion to repair the curtain, you can have more leisure.

Sad curtains and green curtains decorate the high hall.

Red wall sand edition, Xuan Yuliang.

Look up at the sculpture and draw dragons and snakes.

Sitting in the hall and lying on the sill, the face is curved.

Hibiscus originated, which is quite miscellaneous.

Purple stem screen, the edge of the text is wavy.

The article is decorated with different leopards, so you should be more diligent.

Because the porch is low, you ride slowly.

Blue trees are sparse, Joan hedges.

The soul is back! How far is it?

The family lived in the Song Dynasty and ate more.

Migaimai, Huangliang is better.

There is bitterness in bitterness and sweetness in sweetness.

The tendons of fat cows are more fragrant.

If you are bitter, Chen Wu will have some soup.

Soft-shelled turtle shoots mutton with some pulp.

Sour fish, fry some red fish.

It's a shame to show it to the chicken.

Honey bait is better.

Yaojiang honey spoon is more feathery.

If you drink cold, it will be cooler.

China's action is ancient, with some nectar.

Go back to the reasoning room and be respectful and not defensive.

Women will be happier if you don't know enough about food.

Chen Zhong made some new songs according to the drums.

Picking ling from the river to develop lotus.

When a beautiful woman is drunk, she looks better.

I looked at the light and my eyes were a little wavy.

Wearing beautiful clothes is beautiful, but it's not surprising.

Long hair and moustache are more gorgeous.

Let's dance together.

If you hand over the pole, please close the case.

If you are crazy, take courage.

The court was shocked and excited.

Wu Biao, Cai Biao, plays Luda.

Men and women sit together, regardless of chaos.

Let Chen form a tassel, and the class is more controversial.

Kevin·Z's demon is playing. Let's have fun.

The first show of the knot of Chu.

There are six numbers in chess.

Divide Cao and go forward, forcing each other.

Looking for an owl, it's called five whites.

Being a rhinoceros takes more time than being a golden flower.

When the bell rings, the piano sounds louder.

Don't waste your entertainment, stay up late.

The blue paste shows candles, but Deng Hua is wrong.

It says think, Doris is fake.

People are extreme and given the same heart.

Drink for fun and be happy before you die.

The soul is back! Go backwards.

Chaos said: Sacrificing the Spring Festival, gurgling my southern expedition.

Apples are in full bloom and angelica dahurica is born.

The road runs through the Lujiang River, and the left side is slender.

Leaning against the swamp, I'm looking forward to Bo.

Green plum knot, living.

Hanging fire rises, mysterious.

Step by step, lure the enemy first.

If pressing is easy, steer the car to the right.

Dream with Wang after class.

The king is afraid of youth.

Zhu Mingcheng, at night, you can't drown.

Gaolan is a path, and the road is getting slower and slower.

Zhanjiang is full of water with maple trees on it.

Seeing thousands of miles is heartbreaking.

The soul is back! Sorry for Jiangnan!

Translation of Evocation of Soul

When I was young, I was endowed with the virtue of incorruptibility, and I devoted myself to morality without any reduction.

Such a grand virtue has been dragged down by the world.

The king ignored this great virtue, suffered from it for a long time and was in endless sorrow.

God told Wuyang, "There is someone in the lower world, and I want to help him.

But his soul is scattered, so you should give it back to him. "

Wuyang replied: "Divination depends on the dream officer, and it is actually difficult to follow God's orders."

"You must have guessed to return the soul to him. I'm afraid he will die too late. It's no use inviting souls again. "

Wuyang then descended to summon the soul and said, "Come back, soul!

Why leave your body and wander around?

It's really bad to give up your comfortable place and meet danger.

"Soul, come back! The East cannot stay here.

People there are thousands of feet tall, just waiting to search your soul.

Ten suns shine in turn, and all the metal stones melt and deform.

They get used to it. When your soul goes, it disappears.

Come back, you can't stay there.

"Soul, come back! The south can't stop.

Savages carved patterns on their foreheads with black teeth, plundered human flesh as sacrifices and ground bones into pulp.

Poisonous snakes are like grass, and big foxes are everywhere.

The male cobra, with nine heads, comes and goes in a hurry, devouring human beings in order to replenish the heart.

Come back, you can't stay there for long.

"Soul, come back!

The catastrophe in the West was paved by Shah Li Qian.

Being swept into Yuan Lei by quicksand, erosion and disintegration cannot be stopped.

I got rid of it by luck, and it was empty and lifeless outside.

Red ants are as big as elephants and black bees are as big as gourds.

Where the grain grows badly, only clusters of thatch can be used as food.

Sand can roast people, but there is nothing to drink.

There is no listless dependence, no vast and desolate ultimate place.

Come back. I'm afraid I'm poisoned!

"Soul, come back! The north can't stay.

There is a mountain-high ice layer with heavy snow and a thickness of thousands of miles.

Come back, it can't be too long!

"Soul, come back! Don't go to heaven

The doors of the cloud nine are guarded by tigers and leopards. Those who bite the lower bound should try it early.

Another nine-headed monster can uproot 9000 trees.

And the jackal with straight eyes, coming and going in a hurry.

Throwing people around to play games, and finally throwing them into the bottomless pit.

Then report to God, and then you will die and close your eyes.

Come back, I'm afraid it's dangerous to go to heaven!

"Soul, come back! Don't go to the underworld

There is a twisted Tubo with a sharp head like a knife.

Thick back, bloody thumb, chasing people like a shuttle.

There is also a three-eyed tiger monster, as strong as an ox.

These monsters like to eat people, come back!

I am afraid that I will suffer disaster.

"Soul, come back! Quickly enter the repair gate of Chu capital.

The necromancer guided the king and walked backwards with his back to the front.

Guo Qin's ribbon, and Zheng Guo's silk cotton fabric as the cover.

All the instruments for evocation are ready. Let out a long whistle.

Come back, soul! Go back to your former residence and never leave your hometown again.

"In all directions of heaven and earth, there are many people who kill the yes.

Imitate your original bedroom, it is very comfortable, quiet and peaceful.

High lobby, deep house, railings enclose several porches.

Layers of pavilions face the mountains.

The gate is painted red and engraved with a checkered pattern.

There are warm deep palaces in winter and cool inner halls in summer.

The path in the valley twists and turns, and the stream makes a beautiful sound.

In the sun, the breeze shakes the grass, and the clumps of herbs are fragrant.

Go through the lobby and enter the inner room. The ground is covered with red bricks and bamboo mats.

The smooth stone room is decorated with jade feathers, and the wall is hung with jade hooks.

Emerald jewelry inlaid with bedding is dazzling, bright and moving.

Between the soft silk hanging walls, the gauze curtain stands in the atrium.

Four different ribbons are colorful, and the jade pieces are so pure.

"The furnishings in the palace landscape are rich in grotesque treasures.

Candles made of balsam have bright flames, which illuminate the beauty of beauty.

286 maids come to live, and when they are tired, they take turns to replace them.

The number of beautiful women of princes in various countries is really extraordinary.

There are all kinds of beautiful hairstyles, and the harem is bustling.

The beautiful appearance and posture contrast with each other, and the absolute beauty is really incomparable.

Feminine appearance and healthy body reveal lingering affection, which makes people feel uneasy.

Handsome appearance, wonderful posture, constantly coming and going in the bridal chamber.

Under the slender curved eyebrows, bright eyes turn around and look around.

The skin is as delicate as fat as jade, leaving a touching glance that is meaningful.

There is a slender curtain in the parting hall of the palace to relax and serve the king.

"Zhang Hang jade curtain, decorated with halls.

The red painted walls are painted with cinnabar and have beams like jet.

Look up at the carved square rafters, which depict the images of dragons and snakes.

Sitting in the classroom, leaning against the railing, facing the winding pond.

Lotus began to bloom, with lotus leaves in the middle.

Purple stem water shepherd's purse is full of water, and the feng shui line is born on the green wave.

Guards in colorful leopard skin costumes are guarding the hills.

The car with a roof and windows has arrived. Infantry are on both sides.

There are clumps of bluegrass planted by the door, and the right to plant Yushu is used as a fence.

Come back, soul! Why keep your distance?

"Family gatherings are all here, and the food is rich and varied.

There are rice, millet, new wheat, and fragrant Huang Liang.

Bitter, salty, sour and delicious, spicy and sweet are also used.

The beef tendon of the fat cow is delicious, crisp and fragrant.

Mix the sour taste and bitter taste, and serve the famous soup of Wu State.

Stew turtle and roast mutton, then dip in fresh sugar cane syrup.

Duck slices are cooked in Xiaoyi Wen swan pot, and geese and pigeons are fried in oil.

Braised chicken in broth boiled by soft-shelled turtle is rich in flavor and does not hurt the spleen and stomach.

Sweet cakes and rice cakes are snacks with a lot of maltose.

Crystal clear jade wine mixed with honey is filled with wine glasses for people to taste.

Sake is squeezed from distiller's grains and then frozen. It tastes mellow and delicious, and it is cool all over.

The luxurious banquet has been set, and all the wine is nectar.

Go back to your former residence. Respect and guarantee are ok.

"In addition to the luxury banquet, dancers and bands are listed.

Set bells and drums and play and sing new music.

Sing "She River" and then "Picking Ling", and there is a song "Yang A".

The beauty is slightly drunk, and the ruddy face adds red light.

The eyes are sultry and the eyes are watery.

The soft clothes embroidered with Luo are colorful, but they don't show strange clothes.

Long black hair and high clouds are colorful and dazzling.

The dancers in Group 28 and Group 28 wear dancers' costumes and dance with Zheng Guo.

Swing your skirt like a bamboo branch, bend over and clap your hands.

Drums are exciting, and drums are drumming.

The court was frightened, and the song "Excited Chu" was high.

Present the folk songs of Wu and Cai, and play the tune with voice.

Men and women sit together, and the seats are scattered in all directions.

Untie the ribbon hat tassel and put it aside. It is colorful and dazzling.

Zheng Weiguo's enchanting women flocked to arrange classes.

The last song "Excited Chu" was particularly beautiful and outstanding.

"Bet on ivory chess with jade pieces, used to play six-son chess.

Divide into two sides to play games separately, and the pressure is strong and tight.

If you throw the lottery ticket into the owl, you will get the fish, and you will be eager to win the prize.

I won the rhinoceros hook made in the state of Jin, and I don't care if I run out of time in one day.

Ring the bell, shake the bell frame, stroke the string and then play the Zheng.

Drinking and entertaining refused to stop, and I was addicted to it day and night.

How brilliant the bright candles with spearmint are, and the gorgeous lights are strewn at random.

Carefully conceived, written articles, gorgeous literary talent, borrowing the fragrance of orchids.

People are very happy. They write poems together to express their common feelings.

Drinking mellow wine and laughing heartily also made our ancestors relaxed and happy.

Come back, soul! Hurry back to your hometown "

Ending:

A new year has begun, and spring has come, so I hurried south.

Green apples grow new leaves, and angelica dahurica sprouts and spits out fragrance.

The road runs through the Lujiang River, and the left bank is a continuous jungle.

Stroll along the swamp paddy field and overlook the endless wilderness.

Four green leopards ride in the same car, and thousands ride in the same hunting car.

Lighting torches spread and burned, and the night sky was ablaze.

Walk to the stop by car, and the hunting guide will lead the way.

Retreat the horse and advance and retreat freely, and lead the car to turn the body to the right.

Go to Yunmengze with the king and show your skills at the first stop.

The king shot his prey with his own arrow, but he was afraid that shooting young people would be a disaster.

After dark, the red sun is shining, time flies, and I refuse to stop.

The highland near the water is covered with bluegrass, and the road has been covered and can't be found.

The clear river is gurgling and there are patches of maple trees on the shore.

Looking at the earth thousands of miles away, how sad spring scenery is.

Come back, soul, Jiangnan is so sad and hard to forget!

Extended data

Writing background

Evocation is believed to be in 296 BC, three years after Wang Xiang's rule. In 293, Chu Huaiwang was deceived by the State of Qin, entered Wuguan and was detained in the State of Qin. He failed to escape and died of resentment. In the third year, Qin wanted to make up with Chu and go back to attend the funeral. "Chu people all pity him, as if they are sad for their loved ones." Chu people and the bad king feel the same way. When Wang Huai was imprisoned in the State of Qin, they were angry with the enemy, but they refused to cede territory and surrender. In the end, they still have some backbone. It is easy to arouse people's nostalgia by comparing with King Qingxiang who just wants to live a peaceful life. Qu Yuan was trusted by Chu Huaiwang and later left out in the cold, but he always hoped that Chu Huaiwang would change his mind. With the death of Chu Huaiwang, Chu was faced with the struggle of pro-Qin and rejection of Qin. When Qu Yuan wrote Evocation, he recognized the Chu people's feeling of "being like a family", which naturally included feelings of hostility to Qin. The form of evocation mainly comes from the people. The ancients were superstitious and believed that people with souls would leave the body. When people get sick or die and their souls leave, they will hold an evocation ceremony to recall their souls. Qu Yuan wrote Evocation to imitate folk creation and summon Chu Huaiwang's soul back to Chu.

Appreciation of original text

Among the Songs of the South, Evocation is a unique work. It is written by imitating the folk custom of evocation. But it also contains the author's thoughts and feelings.

The structure of evocation is as follows: 1. Introduction; 2. Evocation words; 3. Random words, a total of three parts. The evocation speech is divided into two parts: "the evil outside Chen Sifang" and "the beauty inside Chu State". Generally, evocation words have no preface and random words. Moreover, every sentence in the evocation speech has the word "a" at the end. According to the old annotation, Su's pronunciation is similar to the ending of southern Hunan folk songs today.

The word "Xi" is used in modal particles with sequence and random words, just like Li Sao and Nine Chapters. It can be seen that the evocation words given to Wuyang mainly conform to the custom requirements of evocation, while the disorderly words show Qu Yuan's main color. The following is an introduction to the structure of evocation.

At the beginning of the preface, the author appeared, from "I am young and honest" to "I am sad to stay away from disaster", which is Qu Yuan's self-narrative. Qu Yuan always praised his honesty and loyalty.

Just because the king of Chu was cheated, he could not "test this virtue", so he suffered misfortune and sorrow. After these words, I suddenly said, "The emperor told Wuyang,' There is someone down there …'", which makes people easily mistake God for calling Wuyang's soul. It is this "experienced" entrant, that is, Qu Yuan himself.

Therefore, people who advocate the theory of "inviting the king's soul" generally interpret the first four sentences as that he is pregnant with the king. If you add another sentence, "Who will I sue if you don't come back when you go up?" , naturally transition to evocation.

The following sentence in "Emperor Tells Five Sheep Day" is a form of dialogue, indicating the urgency of evoking souls. It has been suggested that Wang Huai is dead and soul recruitment cannot be reused. There are many disjunctive sentences in these sentences, but the general idea is that the emperor ordered Wuyang to make a move-Wuyang refused-Wuyang was ordered to make a move. These three meanings are generally accepted.

As the backbone of evocation, it is the words of Wuyang. The first part of the confession is about the horror of east, south, west, north, sky and earth. There are a lot of mythological materials used here, which are very strange. The beauty of myth has a realistic foundation, and the rationality of imagination can be known by contacting this foundation; Myth is transformed by fantasy, which gives people dazzling fantasy color and can stimulate people's aesthetic interest.

This is the case with evocation. For example, when it comes to the east, where the sun rises, there is a story in ancient mythology that scorches the earth for ten days, and the author uses it to describe the danger in the east, which is very clever. Another example is to write about the west, where the desert is boundless, there is no food, no water to drink, and there are poisonous insects such as red ants and mysterious bees, which makes people unable to survive.

This kind of description is quite accurate, which makes people wonder that the author has quite rich geographical knowledge, and the exaggerated description is not divorced from the realistic foundation. For another example, it is written that there are cruel monsters guarding the heavens and the earth. Retained the mystery and primitiveness of the original myth.

The excavation of many Chu tombs can fully prove its authenticity. This part shows the palace, beautiful scenery, food, songs and dances, games, and describes the enjoyment of life day and night.

The author's description is concrete and vivid. For example, writing a palace garden always describes the appearance and layout of the building, the scenery of the pond garden, and describes in detail the interior decoration and layout, as well as the activities of people in it-mainly the activities of beautiful women.

Another example is diet, which lists all kinds of staple foods, dishes and drinks one by one, and describes them as "nitrile fragrance", "refreshing" and "strong but unpleasant", which makes people feel that they are really delicious food. The article often touches on people's activities and feelings, which is more vivid. For example, writing about diet, singing and dancing, "Men and women sit together and don't care." Let Chen form the tassel, and the grade will be different. "Writing a gambling play" points to Cao holding hands and the road is forced. "Becoming a cockroach is called five whites."

Will be that kind of disregard for etiquette, get carried away, that kind of expression of smoothing sleeves and punching, shouting five and six, too poor to describe. The most wonderful thing to write is the portrayal of beautiful scenery and scenery. For example, if you write a beautiful woman, you say, "The beautiful woman is drunk, but she is more attractive. I looked at the light and looked at it. " Writing focuses on the eyes, but the Book of Songs has already begun. Shuoren has a sentence of "Qiao Xiao Qian Xi, beautiful eyes look forward to Xi Xi", but here it has developed into a provocative look, flowing eyes, more ingenious and vivid.

The whole beauty drunkenness is like a picture of a "drunken imperial concubine". Another example is to write about the scenery in the garden, saying that "the path in the valley is complex and flowing." Light and wind turn fragrant and greener. " The stream meanders and gurgles, and the breeze carries the sunshine, shaking the herbs and smelling the fragrance. The word "breeze" is simple and meaningful, and its description is extremely accurate. These two sentences are really well-deserved famous sentences.

Objective narration is generally independent of the author's subjective color. However, the various gaffes written in it after drunkenness are objectively critical. How do these descriptions conform to the identity of the king of Chu? The phrase "reciprocity" emphasizes reciprocity without prejudice, which should be aimed at Chu Huaiwang's possible regrets.

The last part of Evocation, Luan Ge, is the conclusion of the whole article. Chaos Day is mainly about hunting. Under the influence of Evocation, Dr. Han's main work is Hunting. However, it is classified as random words here, because it has nothing to do with Wuyang evocation words, but the author's own activities. Here, Qu Yuan appeared in the first person, recounted his journey to the south, and recalled his experience in pursuing Chu Huaiwang.

Yunmeng area is a famous hunting ground of Chu State, with a wide range of activities. The hunting of Yunmeng is described wonderfully in Han Fu. Here, I didn't write more about the hunting process, but only wrote the magnificent scene at the beginning, "Qingli knot is melancholy, and the gas lurks in the city." Hanging fire is delayed, mysterious. " In fact, the only way to hunt is "the king is close to the hair, and he is afraid of teenagers."

Lu's Chunqiu Zhizhong recorded the story of the killing of the king of Chu and his wife. According to the old story of Chu, the person killed with his wife will die before March, and the king of Chu was shot with his wife. Out of loyalty, Dongzi Shen took it back and died for the king. According to this legend, "the king is afraid of teenagers" actually shows that Qu Yuan is very concerned about Chu Huaiwang's safety, that is, "he cares about the king and never forgets his desires". However, Wang Huai eventually "died in Qin" and could not return to Chu.

The poet finally said, "Zhanjiang River is full, and there are maple trees on it. Seeing thousands of miles is heartbreaking. The soul returns, mourning Jiangnan! " This extremely sad poem ended this eternal farewell. And this ending is the most famous scene in "Songs of the South", which is no less than the beginning of "Nine Songs, Mrs. Xiang".

The autumn wind is curling, and Dongting waves are under the leaves. Have a great influence on future generations. If Song Yu's "Nine Arguments" says that "autumn sorrow is the spirit, the plants and trees are bleak, and they are returned after a long journey near the water" is the origin of the tradition of mourning autumn in China's classical literature, then it may be said that these words at the end of "evoking the soul" are the origin of the tradition of slandering spring in China's classical literature.

References:

Evocation (one of Chu Ci)-Baidu Encyclopedia