But today, a distant country with mysterious civilization landed in Chongqing for the first time, and the special exhibition of golden Andean civilization lost in the series exhibition of world civilization and art officially kicked off in the Three Gorges Museum.
Andean civilization is ancient and mysterious. There was no continuity after the guns and plagues that the Inca brought to the European colonists. It's a pity that I can't find any valuable knowledge about it, except that I browsed a few exaggerated world mysteries in my crazy thirst for knowledge, and that my natural passion for gold is wealth, which makes people full of desire to explore the strange South American continent.
So, I had to walk into the Three Gorges Museum and have a good look at the carefully arranged civilizations in Peru, the country of Shan Ying, which can be traced back to 3000 years ago.
Three Gorges Museum
The scorching sun in the mountain city of Chongqing is bound to shine on Peru on the other side of the Pacific Ocean, tens of thousands of kilometers away. The Andes runs through Peru, where the Amazon River originates. The ancient Inca Empire was born, developed and finally perished here.
This is a lost country with a mysterious past. However, if you observe them carefully, you will find that the people here have many similarities with us in appearance, clothing, culture, food and music, as if China people live on the other side of the globe? Hometown? .
Lake Titicaca in Peru
For me who is keen on traveling, Peru has excellent tourism resources. The lost Machu Picchu, the beautiful Lake Titicaca, the pearl of the plateau, the mysterious Amazon rainforest and the towering Andes are fascinating. There is the highest tropical mountain peak in the world, 6768 meters high; There is the largest left-handed wave in the world, which is a paradise for surfers all over the world. Peru has 6883 festivals of different scales throughout the year, with an average of more than 18 per day. Peru is also a gourmet paradise in South America, and has been awarded the title of the world's best gourmet resort by the World Tourism Award for several years in a row.
Today, Peru has a rich and colorful ancient civilization, waiting for me in the temporary exhibition hall A on the first floor of the Three Gorges Museum.
Walk into Peru
1. What is Andean civilization?
The Andean civilization is centered on today's Cuzco Basin in Peru and Lake Titicaca at the junction of Peru and Bolivia, including most parts of Peru and parts of Bolivia, Ecuador, Argentina and Chile. 6.5438+0.5 million years ago, hunters from Asia crossed the Bering Strait and came to this magical land. Under the condition of being basically isolated from other civilizations, after a long history of ancient times, growth period, regional development period and other countries, the Inca Empire was finally established, and the Andean civilization reached its peak.
Although the Andean civilization has no words, the magnificent Machu Picchu palace building, the magnificent ancient city of Cuzco, the mysterious Nazca painting, gorgeous textiles, colorful pottery and exquisite gold and silver products shine with wisdom everywhere.
Ancient city of Cusco
Even if we can't walk on Peruvian soil in person, we can appreciate the brilliance of this bright pearl in the history of world civilization through the exquisite works of art that condense the wisdom of ancient Peruvian aborigines in this international exhibition of important archaeological unearthed cultural relics collected by Peru1/museum.
Second, the restoration of culture.
The pulse of Andean culture
As soon as we entered the hall, the development history of Andean civilization was clearly presented. From 65438 BC+0200 BC, the Nick culture in Kubis ended in 65438 AD+0572 AD, about 2800 years.
Cultural dating
Due to the lack of written records, that mysterious land bears a forgotten history. What we can see in the records is the process that the Spanish set foot on the land of South America in the 6th century/kloc-0, vying for gold and seizing wealth. With the fall of the Inca Empire, the Spanish will never forget it? Huang Jinguo? As a secret, the memory of Inca ancestors has also become a mystery.
With the deepening of modern archaeology and the sorting and classification of unearthed cultural relics, the lost Andean civilization began to have a clear context.
In this great exhibition, we will see the development of Andean civilization, restore its social life, productive labor and religious ceremonies, and marvel at the blending of art, the change of civilization and the immortality of classics.
Female pottery figurines (Manchu culture)
This woman's terracotta figures are the oldest pottery in this exhibition.
Stone tenon tongue (tea culture)
These two stone products are the earliest production tools of human beings in this exhibition. They were born between 2000 BC and 200 BC.
Gold foil (tea culture)
This gold foil is the oldest gold product in this exhibition.
The whole exhibition is divided into four units, which are exploring the origin of Andean civilization? Love at first sight? , revealing the diversity of local culture? Stars shine? Cross-regional political system? Competing with each other? Towards the lost Inca Empire? The end of fate? .
2. Nazca culture
After the first exhibition hall, the culture of the second exhibition hall is closer to today.
The first taster? Nazca bottle
Feather fan and camel patterned bowl
The above two exhibits belong to the cultural relics of Nazca period, which spans from BC 100 to AD 800.
3. Moche culture
In the middle of this exhibition hall, there are exquisite unearthed cultural relics of Moche culture. It is roughly consistent with the development time of Nazca culture and reflects the diversity of Andean civilization.
Cassava container for fangs and wild animals
This is the representative of Moche culture after 100 A.D., the cassava container of fanged beast, which is collected in the Museums of the Temple Group in Las Hakas, Peru.
The lighting of the exhibition hall only emphasizes the exhibits, which is soft and dim. In the bright darkness, a sense of history is magnified, and a heavy awe is generated inside.
Cut your lips and get a jar in the shape of a man.
This Moche cultural jar has a sense of joy. When I saw it, my solemn feeling was diluted a lot.
These pottery and feather products show a high level of craftsmanship, which is amazing.
Continue to the next exhibition hall, which is still a wonderful Nazca cultural relics exhibition. Here, the legendary Peruvian national treasure cultural relic killer whale is officially unveiled as a multicolored bottle.
Multicolor bottle
The first reaction to seeing this bottle is to shine at the moment. It does not have the usual obscurity of South American culture and the blessing of primitive religious forces, just like alpaca gives people the feeling that MengMeng is kind. I couldn't help looking at it a few more times.
At this time, the hall full of cultural relics has been enriched, giving people a dazzling feeling. We have officially entered the heyday of Moche culture.
Countless beautiful objects
I really can't find words to describe my impression at this time, so let's visit with full eyes. The civilization bred in that world has never lost its attachment to these works with amazing artistic temperament.
Wandering in Moche culture, their skills in making ceramic products have been improved day by day, and they have also begun to explore in metal smelting and production.
Gold mask and bell
The exquisite style of gold ornaments you see comes from the fact that goldsmiths in the Andes have long mastered basic metallurgical technologies such as investment casting, carving, welding, electroplating and inlaying.
The gold-plated bell ornaments on it were unearthed in? Samurai priest? The image in the middle of the tomb is a personalized spider, regarded as an awesome god by the Moche people.
4. Diawanaco culture and Wali culture.
Leaving the Moche Cultural Exhibition Hall, the development of civilization has been inherited and promoted. Due to the alternate development of Diawanaco culture and Wali culture, these two cultures are combined and displayed in one hall. Bronzes appeared at this stage.
Pottery and bronze axe
The metal smelting of Diawanaco culture has reached a certain height, and the bronze axe made is quite exquisite; And Kawara Tsutomu culture doesn't know if it is because? Watt? The reason of Chinese characters is closely related to pottery. Walk past the booth in turn. They are all beautifully decorated pottery. Among them, funeral culture is obviously an important part of Wali civilization.
Wali colorful urn
This huge jar is a box for ashes, which makes me speechless. My heart suddenly tightened, and I was afraid no matter how beautiful or artistic I was.
Take a quick look and turn to another place. Or the quiet and lovely alpaca in the center of the exhibition hall is popular.
Vari colorful alpaca-shaped utensils
There are not many metal products in these two cultures. A cursory glance will lead to the next civilization.
5. Western exploration culture
The metal refining of Xikan culture has matured a lot. I saw bronze sacrificial knives and digging tools here, as shown below.
Copper tool
The ceramic production technology of Xikan culture has been further improved, which is eloquently proved by its exquisite cultural relics display.
Double-mouth crab-shaped bottle
In fact, in my opinion, this is a humanized teapot.
Xikan culture has a puzzling aesthetic, and their ears are beautiful. Locals regard big ears as a symbol of beauty and nobility, and the size of their ear holes marks their status. Piercing ears is a test that every royal aristocrat has to go through at the bar mitzvah. They pierced a huge hole in their ears with gold needles and put on huge gold earrings representing adulthood. Since then, the size of gold earrings will continue to increase. Day after day, the ear hole is getting bigger and bigger, which can actually accommodate orange-sized ring earrings. The Spaniard exclaimed when he first saw them? Alejon？ , that is? Big ears? The meaning of.
Alejon？ Gold and silver forging technology reached the peak of South America at that time.
The king's golden headdress
Gold earring
The royal headdress includes crown decoration, forehead decoration and gold mask, weighing 2 kg. The central element is the bat, which is a symbol of kingship.
This treasure is the largest and most exquisite metal ornament in ancient Peru. Peru's well-deserved national treasure is also a treasure of the world.
The climax of wealth and power suddenly appeared in front of us without warning, which gave people a great shock.
We'll get it back, okay? Huang Jinguo? Yes, not by memory, but by the efforts of archaeologists and historians with a sense of historical responsibility.