The luminous pearl is one of the most famous treasures in ancient China. It is also called amphibole and luminous jade in China. It is said to be a natural treasure that can shine at night. In fact, the luminous pearl not only exists in Chinese civilization with a long history, but also can be found in ancient Indian civilization, ancient Greek civilization and ancient Jewish civilization. The earliest record of the night pearl in China is the Warring States Policy in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period: the king of Chu once sent messengers to the king of Qin for two treasures, one of which is the night pearl, that is, the night pearl. It can be seen that the value of the night pearl is no less than that of jade, which is generally owned by the royal family. There is also a description of the Night Pearl in Historical Records: Qi Weiwang and Wang Wei met in the suburbs, and Wang Wei boasted that he had ten "pearls with an inch diameter", each of which could get on the bus twelve times before and after. The bright moon and pearl, three feet in diameter, shines thousands of miles. Although this is an obvious exaggeration, it also reflects the important position of the night pearl to some extent. With the night pearl, it is equivalent to having great wealth. It is said that there is a kind of night pearl in Qin Shihuang's sacrificial offerings, which is used to "replace ointment candles" in the mausoleum. The most famous luminous pearl in modern times is the commemorative luminous pearl in Cixi's mouth. Empress Dowager Cixi was buried in Yuling in the east of Qing Dynasty after her death. There are a lot of rare treasures in her funerary objects, including the priceless night pearl. Legend has it that the night pearl can produce cold and prevent heatstroke, so after Cixi's death, she put it in her mouth to prevent the corpse from rotting. 1928, the warlord Sun Dianying broke into the mausoleum of Cixi, destroyed the coffin and stole most of the buried treasures, including this precious luminous pearl. Sun Dianying's confession is recorded in Shanpu's "The Treasure Robbery of Sun Dianying in Dongling": "She (Cixi) has a luminous pearl in her mouth, which is divided into two pieces. When it is closed, it is a ball, transparent and dull. When it was closed, it showed a green cold light, and her hair could be seen within a hundred steps at night. I heard that this treasure can keep the body from melting. No wonder after Cixi's coffin was split open, Lafayette seemed to fall asleep. It's just that when I see the wind, my face turns black and my clothes are not suitable. " As the most enjoyable Empress Dowager Cixi in history of qing dynasty, Cixi tried her best to find all kinds of rare treasures all her life, but she never thought that it was this most famous treasure that took her life after her death. At that time, after the grave robbers opened Cixi's coffin, they scrambled to grab the funerary objects in the coffin. At first, they didn't care about Cixi's body, but when they rummaged around, they found that her mouth was shining with dark blue light, and someone exclaimed on the spot that it might be a priceless pearl. Sun Dianying's adjutant, surnamed Liu, quickly put his hand into Cixi's mouth, trying to dig out the luminous pearl, but the smooth beads slipped into Cixi's throat, and it took a lot of effort to get them out. So, adjutant Liu simply took out a sharp knife and stabbed it into Cixi's mouth. Then he viciously cut a knife left and right, and cut a big hole in her mouth before taking out the night pearl. It is said that the night pearl is as big as an egg, and the blue-green light illuminates the faces of onlookers. Only this luminous pearl was entrusted by Sun Dianying to Dai Li to give to Song Meiling. Later, it was said that the Night Pearl was brought to the United States by Song Meiling, and its whereabouts were unknown. In fact, in addition to this buried night pearl, Cixi has nine others, and because they are slightly smaller, they are embedded in the rockhopper. 1900, when Eight-Nation Alliance invaded China, Empress Dowager Cixi took four night pearls from her rockhopper in order to please foreign invaders, and ordered a maid-in-waiting surnamed Wang to leave the palace and give them to foreigners. It is rare that the ladies-in-waiting are young, but they have a patriotic heart. She couldn't bear the national treasure to fall into the hands of the invaders, fled with pearls, remained anonymous and struggled. Before she died, she gave the little pillow with the night pearl to the Wu couple who had been taking care of her. Before she could explain the secret, she stopped breathing. It was not until they cleaned their pillows at home that the couple named Wu discovered the pearl of the night inside and immediately and unconditionally handed over the national treasure to the local government. According to these records, there seems to be no doubt about the existence of the night pearl, but there are different opinions at home and abroad. Some experts even verified that the night pearl is not as mysterious as people imagined and boasted. It is only composed of several special mineral rocks. After people's processing, it has become a round pearl shape. There are generally three opinions about the nature of the night pearl: First, the night pearl is a fluorite mineral, and the reason for its luminescence is related to its rare earth elements and the related electron movement in the mineral. When the electrons in minerals are stimulated by external energy, they change from low-energy state to high-energy state, and when the external energy stimulation stops, the electrons change from high-energy state to low-energy state, and this process will emit light. Second, the luminous pearl is a huge diamond, which spontaneously ignites and has a curved surface to form a sphere. The reason why the night pearl can shine at night is actually the comprehensive effect of diamond on white light refraction, reflection, total reflection and dispersion. Thirdly, the night pearl is made of some objects infected by luminescent bacteria, such as pearls, fish eyes, fish bones and so on. There are some objects in nature that can automatically glow like fireflies, among which luminescent bacteria are the most important. Some non-luminous objects will also emit light after being polluted by luminescent bacteria. Craftsmen use these natural objects infected with luminescent bacteria to make luminous pearls. In addition to the dispute over the nature of the night pearl, many people still have this question: Since the night pearl is loved by people, the rumors about it have been passed down for generations, but why haven't the unearthed night pearl been seen in archaeology? According to experts' inference, firstly, because there are not as many night pearls as jade, they are quite rare treasures in history; Second, for a long time, people only regarded the night pearl as a legend or myth, and many people doubted whether there was a night pearl in history. At the same time, the night pearl can't be found in the daytime, so even if there is a night pearl in the unearthed objects, it is often ignored. In a word, the legendary color given to the night pearl since ancient times has triggered the exploration and research of the night pearl in jewelry appraisal and history circles, but there is still no absolutely authoritative conclusion. In fact, all the luminous pearls recorded in historical materials are not necessarily the same thing, because without a standard reference, people are likely to regard everything that can shine as a luminous pearl. Therefore, some of the luminous pearls that have appeared in history are natural minerals, and some may be things that can shine after processing and manufacturing. Perhaps this is the treasure of the world.