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Andersen: A Brief Introduction to Andersen's Life and Works
Andersen
(Hans Christian Andersen)
(Denmark)
( 1805—— 1875)
Andersen is a famous Danish fairy tale writer in the19th century and the founder of world literary fairy tales. He was born in a poor shoemaker's family in odense. He studied in a charity school and was an apprentice in his early years. Influenced by his father and folk oral literature, he loved literature since childhood. 1 1 years old, my father died of illness and my mother remarried. In order to pursue art, he came to Copenhagen alone at the age of 14. After eight years of struggle, I finally showed my talent in the poetic drama Alfonso. Therefore, he was sent to Srager Segrammar School and Helsingo School for free by the Royal Art Theatre. It lasted for five years. 1828 went to Gorhagen University. I haven't had a job since graduation, and I mainly rely on the manuscript fee to make a living. 1838, he won a writer's prize-an unofficial allowance from the state for 200 yuan every year.
Andersen never got married, and died at the home of his friend and businessman Melchior on August 4th, 1875. Andersen's literary career began at 1822. In his early days, he mainly wrote poems and plays. After entering the university, the creation has become increasingly mature. He has published travel notes, musical comedies, poetry collections and poetic dramas. The novel Impromptu Poet published by 1833 has won him an international reputation and is his masterpiece of adult literature.
"In order to strive for the next generation", Andersen decided to write fairy tales for children and published A Story for Children. In the next few years, such a collection of fairy tales will be published every Christmas. Later, he continued to publish new works, and it was not until 1872 that he gradually stopped writing because of cancer. In the past 40 years, * * * has written 168 fairy tales.
Andersen's fairy tales have a unique artistic style: poetic beauty and comedy humor. The former is the dominant style, which is mostly reflected in eulogistic fairy tales, while the latter is mostly reflected in satirical fairy tales.
Andersen's creation can be divided into three periods: early, middle and late. Early fairy tales are full of beautiful fantasy and optimistic spirit, which embodies the combination of realism and romanticism. Representative works include Light Box, Flowers of Little Significance, Thumbelina, Daughter of the Sea, Wild Swan and Ugly Duckling. In the middle fairy tale, the fantasy component is weakened and the reality component is relatively enhanced. In lashing ugliness and praising beauty, it shows the persistent pursuit of a better life, and also reveals the melancholy mood of lack of self-confidence. Representative works include The Little Match Girl, dairy queen, Shadow, A Drop of Water, Mother's Story, Puppet Player, etc. Fairy tales in the later period are more realistic than those in the middle period, focusing on describing the tragic fate of the bottom people and exposing the coldness and darkness of social life and the injustice of the world. The tone of the work is low. Representative works include Dream under the Willow, She is a Waste, Nightcap of a Bachelor, Lucky Beauty and so on.
Andersen chronology
1805 was born in odense on April 2nd.
181611My father died at the age of 0.
18 19 14 years old, he left home alone to seek creative opportunities in Copenhagen.
1822 published the trial collection in August, including poetry, drama and stories. This collection was not published because of its humble origins, but it attracted the attention of some people in the cultural circle. 10 In June, he entered a middle school missionary school to supplement his culture, studied for six years, and felt painful about his own educational methods; However, in the past six years, I have read many famous books, practiced writing poems and practicing writing plays. 1827, leave school and return to Copenhagen. The published poems were praised by high-level critics and inspired Andersen's confidence in writing.
1829, he wrote a long fantasy travel book "A Roaming in Amag Island" and published it. The first edition has been sold out. The publisher immediately bought the second edition on generous terms, so Andersen got rid of the oppression of hunger. The comedy Love on the nikolayev Tower was staged at the Royal Opera House. In the same year, the first book of poetry was published.
1830, the first love failed. Start a trip; The second book of poetry was published.
183 1- 1834, love failed again and mother died. Soon after, she published a long autobiographical novel, The Impromptu Poet.
At the age of 30, 1835 began to write fairy tales, and published the first collection of fairy tales, with only 6 1 page pamphlets, including four articles: Light Box, Little Klaus and Big Klaus, Princess on Pea and Little Flower. His works have not received unanimous praise. Some people even thought that he had no talent for writing fairy tales and suggested that he give up, but Andersen said, "This is my immortal work!" " "
1844, wrote an autobiographical work "Ugly Duckling".
1846, he wrote about the little match girl.
1970' s longest work, Lucky Belle, with more than 70,000 words, is based on her own life experience, but it is not entirely an autobiography.
1867 was elected as an honorary citizen by his hometown of odense.
1in the early morning of August 4th, 875 1 1, died of liver cancer in a friend's country house. The funeral was extremely tragic, at the age of 70.
Catalogue of Andersen's works:
Novel (6): Impromptu Poet (1835), Ault (1836), just a violinist (1837), two baroness (1848) and Born. Death "(1857)," luck "(1870).
Script (25): poetic drama Afsol (1822? ), Love in the Bell Tower of St. Nicholas Church (1829), The Bride of Lammermoor (1832), The Raven (1832), The Mermaid of Gennart (1834). Murato people (1840), the daughter of Moors (1840), the flower of happiness (1844), the one-act drama The King's Dream (1844), the bird in the pear tree (1. 850), new house (65433 comedy Born Not Noble (1863), comedy Long Bridge (1863), three-act drama Spanish Guest (1865), one-act drama Newcomer (age unknown)
Travel Notes (6): 1828 and 1829 (1829) Walking from the Hollmen Canal to the eastern corner of Amar Island, Sweden tourism (185 1), Spanish scenery (1838).
Autobiography (3): Biography (1832), the true story of my life (1847), my fairy tale life (1855).
Poetry (4): poetry anthology (1, 1829), poetry anthology (2, 1830), poetry anthology fantasy and reality (1830), poetry anthology is twelve months a year (1832).
And fairy tales.
The apprentice is the son of a poor shoemaker, and his mother is a widow on the verge of begging, who makes a living by washing clothes for others. When Andersen was a child, he not only often dealt with hunger, but also was despised by people everywhere. However, he had a whimsical ambition, which was considered out of proportion to his background at that time-he wanted to be an artist, a ballet dancer, a singer, an artist who performed life and created beauty on the stage. To this end, he became a laughing stock in the eyes of ordinary vulgar people. But he was not discouraged at all.
/kloc-When he was 0/4 years old, Andersen left his hometown of odense and went to Copenhagen, the cultural center at that time, to pursue his ideal with dozens of copper coins saved by his grandmother and mother. It is not difficult to imagine what fate awaited him in that bleak society at that time. Hunger and mental shock are inextricably linked with him. But he overcame all kinds of difficulties with tenacious perseverance. Although poverty and the resulting diseases tortured his body, destroyed his figure and voice and prevented him from becoming a stage artist, he finally achieved his goal with strong will: he became a fairy tale writer loved by hundreds of millions of children all over the world. The beauty and poems he created in fairy tales have become inexhaustible spiritual wealth and artistic treasures of mankind.
Frost: Robert Frost (1874- 1963) is one of the most popular poets in the United States, leaving many well-known works, such as clearing in the Woods, The Road Not Taken, Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Night and so on.
Works. A few days ago, Robert Stirling, a graduate student of English literature at the University of Virginia in the United States, discovered an unpublished Frost poem entitled "Thoughts of War at Home". In a letter written in 1947, Frost mentioned this poem to his friend Frederick melcher, the founder of the trade magazine Publishers Weekly. Frost said in his letter that this poem was not published, but was handwritten in a book "North of Boston" (the second poem published by Frost). After reading this letter, Stirling began to look for it, and finally found the book in the school library. The poems that Frost copied in the book came out.
Frost (1874— 1963) is an American poet. Born in California. My father died at the age of 1 1. His mother took him to Massachusetts, his hometown in New England. After graduating from high school, I studied at Harvard University for two years. Before and after this, I worked as a textile worker, a teacher, ran a farm and began to write poems. He roamed many places on foot and was known as "the peasant poet of New England".
Frost's poems did not attract attention in America at first. 19 12 after his family moved to Britain, he continued to write poems, and got the support and encouragement of some British and American poets, ezra pound, and published the collection of poems Young Will (19 13) and North Boston (196544). 19 15 returned to the United States to run a farm in New Hampshire. His poems are becoming more and more famous. 1924, 193 1, 1937, 1943 won the Pulitzer Prize four times, and worked as a teacher, resident poet and poetry consultant in many famous universities. In his later years, he was an unofficial poet laureate in the United States. On his 75th and 85th birthdays, the US Senate made a resolution to honor him. His poetry is similar to traditional poetry in form, but it is not as artificial as romantic and aesthetical poets. He does not pursue external beauty. His poems often begin with describing the natural scenery or customs of New England and gradually enter the field of philosophy. His poems are unpretentious, but subtle and intriguing. The famous poem "Birch Tree" wrote that most people always want to escape from reality, but in the end they have to come back to reality. "Repairing the Wall" wrote that there are many tangible and intangible walls in the world that are worthless. In addition to short lyric poems, he also has some dramatic long narrative poems, which describe the spiritual outlook of rural people in New England, and the tone is relatively low and quite distinctive. In terms of meter, Frost likes to use variations of traditional blank poems and sonnets, which has its own characteristics in rhythm.
Frost is often called an "alternative poet", which means that he is in a period of alternation between traditional poetry and modernist poetry. He and Eliot are also called the two centers of modern American poetry.
Frost's famous poems include Mountains (19 16), New Hampshire (1923), Xixi (1928) and Another Ranch (1936). The whole poem was published in 1949, and new works were published one after another.
(Selected from China Encyclopedia of Foreign Literature, China Encyclopedia Publishing House, 1982 edition)
This poem was written by Frost in 19 18 for Edward Thomas, an English poet who died in the French battlefield (1878- 19 17). The content of the poem is that a soldier's wife saw several bluebirds fighting outside the window, and she thought of the soldiers on the French battlefield. At the beginning of World War I, Frost lived in England, so he became friends with Thomas. Thomas was killed at the front with a copy of the Valley by Frost.