Tourmaline, also known as tourmaline, comes from ancient Ceylon language, which means "mixed gem". 1703, some children in Amsterdam, the Netherlands are playing with stones brought back by Dutch navigators. They found that these stones not only have strange colors in the sun, but also were surprised by their ability to attract or repel light objects such as dust or grass clippings. The Dutch call this kind of stone a vacuum stone, which is the first time that Europeans know about tourmaline. 1768, Swedish scientist Ringnes discovered that tourmaline has piezoelectricity and pyroelectricity, so it was called tourmaline. Until now, tourmaline is often used to measure the changes of luminous intensity and pressure in science.

The varieties mainly include:

1, divided by color

The composition and color of tourmaline are very complicated. The international jewelry industry basically divides tourmaline into commercial varieties according to color. The brighter the color, the higher the value.

Blue tourmaline: general name for light blue to dark blue tourmaline. Blue tourmaline is the most valuable color in tourmaline because of its rarity.

Red tourmaline: the general term for pink to red tourmaline. Red is the best tourmaline, with purple and rose. It is called Ruby, which is also called "Baby Face" in China. But in nature, brown, reddish brown, crimson and so on are produced more, and the color tone changes greatly.

Green tourmaline: yellow-green to dark green and blue-green, brown tourmaline.

Multicolor tourmaline: Because tourmaline ribbons are very developed, red and green ribbons or tricolor ribbons often appear on a crystal; Ribbon can also be looped around the Z axis from the inside, and the one with green infrared is called "Watermelon Tourmaline".

2, according to the special optical effect.

Tourmaline cat's eye: when tourmaline contains a large number of parallel fibrous and tubular inclusions, it can show cat's eye effect when ground into arc gems, which is called tourmaline cat's eye.

Color-changing tourmaline: tourmaline with obvious color change, but rare.