The word "baroque" originated from the Portuguese word "barocc", which was the name used for irregular shapes in jewelry at that time, and later referred to the architectural and painting styles of 17 to 18 centuries. It usually tends to be luxurious, gorgeous and decorative. This feature was reflected in the music field at that time, forming the Baroque era in the music history. The main reason for its formation is the humanistic trend of thought in the Renaissance. Due to humanism's pursuit of people-oriented world outlook, people's thoughts suddenly became clear, and they began to show their real life in many ways, breaking the single situation that religions ruled Europe in the Middle Ages. Therefore, as musicians, their expressions are also influenced by humanistic thoughts, their thoughts are more active, and their imagination and creativity have been greatly developed. In this way, their music, the range of themes, themes and images have been expanded and enriched. Improvisation also makes the forms of baroque music extremely diverse, forming its unique characteristics, which opens up a broad road for the development of European music in the future.

2. The general characteristics of late Baroque art..

Baroque era is an era full of contradictions: on the one hand, it is full of enthusiasm and fanaticism, which can be said to be a romantic spirit; But on the other hand, it pays so much attention to the logic of music. It is this contradiction that determines the main characteristics of baroque style.

Energetic:

The fanaticism aroused by the anti-religious movement in Europe has given free and emerging businessmen strong self-confidence and motivation to forge ahead. This power is embodied in architecture, which is a church with a dome and a pointed head; Musically, it is reflected in the uninterrupted rhythmic movement in polyphonic texture and the intermittent inconsistency and continuity of each voice.

Magnificent momentum:

In the baroque era, people tried to break away from the old style, such as breaking the proportional structure and balancing the aesthetic feeling during the Renaissance. But the reality made them only win partially, so they still couldn't get rid of the majesty of the late Renaissance. The musical expression of this majesty is that the deep and powerful long notes in the bass and the flowing melody in the treble form a strong sense of space.

Detail carving:

Strong decoration is a major feature of the Baroque period, such as: flowers and shells are often used as carvings in buildings, and lace and feathers are widely used to decorate clothes; But when it is applied to music, it is manifested in the extensive use of gorgeous and colorful decorative sounds. The original simple melody is often wrapped by notes in all directions, forming a double decoration, which constitutes the three-dimensional layering of the melody.

Emotional exaggeration:

In the Baroque era, Italy was rich in economy and culture, full of vitality, full of feelings and style. Therefore, paying attention to carving in architecture is reflected in the graded change of volume and the sharp contrast between light and shade in music.