During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, that is, at the beginning of the 7th century A.D., an outstanding leader of the Tubo nationality appeared. His name was Abandoned Zong Nong Zan, which was called Songzan Gambu in the history of Tibetan Buddhism, and later historical documents used this name. He became Zampa when he was very young. He is brave, resourceful, brave and good at fighting. He led his men to conquer many tribes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by force. Even the sheep with equal strength (big and small sheep in the same country) bowed to him, and other smaller tribes followed suit and established a powerful slavery regime, becoming the overlord of the tribes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with its capital in Logue (now Lhasa). At that time, the mainland was in the Zhenguan period of Emperor Taizong, and its voice was far-reaching. Songzan Gambu admired the culture and civilization of the Tang Dynasty. In the eighth year of Zhenguan (AD 634), the first envoys were sent to Chang 'an, and Feng Dexia was also sent to pay a return visit to Tubo in the Tang Dynasty, which became the beginning of friendly exchanges between Han and Tibetan nationalities. Since then, Songzan Gambu has sent envoys to Chang 'an many times to pay tribute, hoping to follow the precedent of Tuguhun and Turkic and marry the princess of the Tang Dynasty, but Emperor Taizong did not allow it. The messenger returned to Tubo and lied: "When I first arrived in Chang 'an, the Tang Dynasty was very favorable and allowed to get married. It happened that King Tuyuhun entered the DPRK and alienated our relationship in front of Taizong, and then he stopped the discussion of intermarriage. "Songzan Gambu was furious and joined forces with the sheep tribe to attack Tuguhun. Tuguhun couldn't resist and fled to Qinghai. After the Tubo captured the Tangut and the Bailan tribe, they stationed 200,000 troops to the west of Songzhou (now Songpan County, Sichuan Province) and sent envoys to Chang 'an, claiming that this was a dowry to marry the princess. The messenger sent a message threatening: "The big country will attack the mainland immediately if it doesn't marry the princess." This rude demand for forced marriage was naturally opposed by Emperor Taizong. Soon, Songzan Gambu led the troops to attack Songzhou. Emperor Taizong immediately sent Hou, a senior official of the official department, to lead 50,000 soldiers to attack in four directions, beheaded them, exhausted their surplus, defeated Songzan Gambu, led his troops to flee, sent messengers to apologize, and proposed again. Only this time did Emperor Taizong agree to the request of intermarriage.
Princess Wencheng held a grand wedding with Songzan Gambu after she entered Tubo. Songzan Gambo also built a magnificent palace for Princess Wencheng, which is the predecessor of Potala Palace today. Princess Wencheng and her party brought advanced production technology. Tubo used to have no writing. Influenced by Princess Wencheng, Songzan Gambu ordered the creation of characters. Princess Wencheng has lived in Tubo for more than 40 years.
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, that is, at the beginning of the 7th century A.D., an outstanding leader of the Tubo nationality appeared. His name was Abandoned Zong Nong Zan, which was called Songzan Gambu in the history of Tibetan Buddhism, and later historical documents used this name. He became Zampa when he was very young. He is brave, resourceful, brave and good at fighting. He led his men to conquer many tribes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by force. Even the sheep with equal strength (big and small sheep in the same country) bowed to him, and other smaller tribes followed suit and established a powerful slavery regime, becoming the overlord of the tribes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with its capital in Logue (now Lhasa). At that time, the mainland was in the Zhenguan period of Emperor Taizong, and its voice was far-reaching. Songzan Gambu admired the culture and civilization of the Tang Dynasty. In the eighth year of Zhenguan (AD 634), the first envoys were sent to Chang 'an, and Feng Dexia was also sent to pay a return visit to Tubo in the Tang Dynasty, which became the beginning of friendly exchanges between Han and Tibetan nationalities. Since then, Songzan Gambu has sent envoys to Chang 'an many times to pay tribute, hoping to follow the precedent of Tuguhun and Turkic and marry the princess of the Tang Dynasty, but Emperor Taizong did not allow it. The messenger returned to Tubo and lied: "When I first arrived in Chang 'an, the Tang Dynasty was very favorable and allowed to get married. It happened that King Tuyuhun entered the DPRK and alienated our relationship in front of Taizong, and then he stopped the discussion of intermarriage. "Songzan Gambu was furious and joined forces with the sheep tribe to attack Tuguhun. Tuguhun couldn't resist and fled to Qinghai. After the Tubo captured the Tangut and the Bailan tribe, they stationed 200,000 troops to the west of Songzhou (now Songpan County, Sichuan Province) and sent envoys to Chang 'an, claiming that this was a dowry to marry the princess. The messenger sent a message threatening: "The big country will attack the mainland immediately if it doesn't marry the princess." This rude demand for forced marriage was naturally opposed by Emperor Taizong. Soon, Songzan Gambu led the troops to attack Songzhou. Emperor Taizong immediately sent Hou, a senior official of the official department, to lead 50,000 soldiers to attack in four directions, beheaded them, exhausted their surplus, defeated Songzan Gambu, led his troops to flee, sent messengers to apologize, and proposed again. Only this time did Emperor Taizong agree to the request of intermarriage.
In the 14th year of Zhenguan (AD 640), Songzan Gambu sent his minister Lu Dongzan to send 5000 taels of gold and hundreds of pieces of jewelry to Chang 'an to get married. Emperor Taizong promised to marry Princess Wencheng, the daughter of the imperial clan. According to legend, Emperor Taizong had "five difficult marriages" before his promise. One of the five difficulties is to ask the messenger to recognize the mother-child relationship between a hundred mares and a hundred foals. This profound problem means that marriage makes us understand that the Han and Tibetan people should establish permanent mother-child affection through the marriage of the princess. It is said that Lu Dongzan used the Tubo people's rich experience in animal husbandry to circle the mare and foal respectively and temporarily cut off the foal's drinking water and forage. After a day or two, he released the mare and the foal at the same time, and suddenly there was a touching scene in which the mother looked for her son, the son looked for her mother, and the mother and son depended on each other. In this way, Lu Dongzan solved five difficult problems one by one. Emperor Taizong was very happy and allowed him to marry Princess Wencheng immediately and enter Tibet. Emperor Taizong attached great importance to Princess Wencheng's marriage to Tibet. He not only prepared many brides for her, including poems, history, farming, medicine, astronomy, calendars and other books, but also grains, vegetables, fruit seeds and various exquisite handicrafts. In addition, he brought all kinds of craftsmen and a court band. At that time, Buddhism prevailed in the Tang Dynasty, and Princess Wencheng was a devout Buddhist believer, so she also brought a Buddha statue.
In the fifteenth year of Zhenguan (AD 64 1 year), Emperor Taizong sent Li Daozong, Minister of the Li Department of King Jiangxia, to escort Princess Wencheng into Tibet. Songzan Gambo waited in the White Sea (now around Eling Lake and Zhaling Lake in Qinghai) with his entourage and guards from Lhasa, and then met the enemy at Heyuan (now Xinghai County in Qinghai). Songzan Gambu paid a visit to Li Daozong, respectfully performed the ceremony of sons and nephews, and constantly marveled at the beauty of dress etiquette in big countries, showing a shame between pitching and pitching. After returning to Lhasa with the princess, they held a grand wedding. Songzan Gambu is very happy that he can marry Princess Wencheng. He said, "Neither my parents nor my grandparents can marry a businessman. I am deeply honored to marry Princess Datang. I should build a city for the princess to show off my descendants. " After the princess arrived in Tibet, she was ordered to build a palace-style building for her to live in according to the architectural model of the Tang Dynasty. It was really a "golden house with a charming house".
After Princess Wencheng entered Tibet, she introduced the excellent culture and advanced production technology of the Tang Dynasty to Tibet, and jointly developed the economy and culture of Tubo with Songzan Gambo. At that time, Tibetans had no writing, and their notes were tied with ropes or marked with wood. At the suggestion of Princess Wencheng, Songzan Gambu sent people to study and create 30 kinds of Tibetan alphabet and pinyin sentence-making grammar, ending the history of Tibetan without words. Since then, Chinese books can be translated into Tibetan, which has promoted the development of Tibetan culture. Tibet did not have a complete calendar in the past, and the season of wheat harvest (around March in the summer calendar) was the beginning of a year. After Princess Wencheng entered Tibet, she implemented the summer calendar system, which greatly facilitated the chronology and records of Tibetan history and culture. The court band brought by Princess Wencheng enriched and prospered Tibetan folk music and improved the cultural life of Tibetan people. Many craftsmen she brought have benefited Tibetans a lot. Since then, Tibetans have mastered the advanced technology of the Han nationality, popularized the agricultural production tools of the Han nationality, and greatly developed the agricultural productivity of Tibetans. Various plant seeds brought by Princess Wencheng also took root, blossomed and bore fruit in Tibet, which changed the food structure of Tibetans and enriched their food varieties. Princess Wencheng believes in Buddhism. Under her influence, Songzan Gambu vigorously advocated Buddhism and specially built the Jokhang Temple in Lhasa, which had an immeasurable impact on the spiritual life of Tibetans. At the initiative of Princess Wencheng, Songzan Gambu sent people to study in Chang 'an to learn the excellent culture and advanced production technology of Han people, and also hired Han people to master documents and impart knowledge in Tibet. Since then, the Tang Dynasty has continuously sent silkworm eggs to help develop sericulture. Send a ditty and send someone to help develop the brewing industry. There are also grinding, paper making, ink making and so on. There are also special people assigned to teach. Princess Wencheng also personally taught embroidery and textile technology. Songzan Gambu himself can be said to be obedient to Princess Wencheng. Before she entered Tibet, Tibetans liked to paint her face with mineral ochre. The princess hates this kind of cosmetics, which makes people look disgusting. Songzan Gambu immediately ordered the whole country to ban the use of ochre painting. The princess likes to wear the light clothes of the Han nationality. Songzan Ganbu takes off the traditional Tibetan leather mattress and felt wool and wears silk clothes. It really makes women sing with their husbands!
Princess Wencheng's entry into Tibet has made great contributions to strengthening Sino-Tibetan exchanges and developing Tibet's economy and culture. Up to now, people in Xizang has placed statues of Princess Wencheng and Songzan Gambu in Potala Palace, and also preserved the site of their wedding. Folk songs praising Princess Wencheng and her great contribution to Tibet's economic and cultural development are also widely circulated among people in Xizang.
Princess Wencheng held a grand wedding with Songzan Gambu after she entered Tubo. Songzan Gambo also built a magnificent palace for Princess Wencheng, which is the predecessor of Potala Palace today. Princess Wencheng and her party brought advanced production technology. Tubo used to have no writing. Influenced by Princess Wencheng, Songzan Gambu ordered the creation of characters. Princess Wencheng has lived in Tubo for more than 40 years.
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, that is, at the beginning of the 7th century A.D., an outstanding leader of the Tubo nationality appeared. His name was Abandoned Zong Nong Zan, which was called Songzan Gambu in the history of Tibetan Buddhism, and later historical documents used this name. He became Zampa when he was very young. He is brave, resourceful, brave and good at fighting. He led his men to conquer many tribes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by force. Even the sheep with equal strength (big and small sheep in the same country) bowed to him, and other smaller tribes followed suit and established a powerful slavery regime, becoming the overlord of the tribes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with its capital in Logue (now Lhasa). At that time, the mainland was in the Zhenguan period of Emperor Taizong, and its voice was far-reaching. Songzan Gambu admired the culture and civilization of the Tang Dynasty. In the eighth year of Zhenguan (AD 634), the first envoys were sent to Chang 'an, and Feng Dexia was also sent to pay a return visit to Tubo in the Tang Dynasty, which became the beginning of friendly exchanges between Han and Tibetan nationalities. Since then, Songzan Gambu has sent envoys to Chang 'an many times to pay tribute, hoping to follow the precedent of Tuguhun and Turkic and marry the princess of the Tang Dynasty, but Emperor Taizong did not allow it. The messenger returned to Tubo and lied: "When I first arrived in Chang 'an, the Tang Dynasty was very favorable and allowed to get married. It happened that King Tuyuhun entered the DPRK and alienated our relationship in front of Taizong, and then he stopped the discussion of intermarriage. "Songzan Gambu was furious and joined forces with the sheep tribe to attack Tuguhun. Tuguhun couldn't resist and fled to Qinghai. After the Tubo captured the Tangut and the Bailan tribe, they stationed 200,000 troops to the west of Songzhou (now Songpan County, Sichuan Province) and sent envoys to Chang 'an, claiming that this was a dowry to marry the princess. The messenger sent a message threatening: "The big country will attack the mainland immediately if it doesn't marry the princess." This rude demand for forced marriage was naturally opposed by Emperor Taizong. Soon, Songzan Gambu led the troops to attack Songzhou. Emperor Taizong immediately sent Hou, a senior official of the official department, to lead 50,000 soldiers to attack in four directions, beheaded them, exhausted their surplus, defeated Songzan Gambu, led his troops to flee, sent messengers to apologize, and proposed again. Only this time did Emperor Taizong agree to the request of intermarriage.
Princess Wencheng held a grand wedding with Songzan Gambu after she entered Tubo. Songzan Gambo also built a magnificent palace for Princess Wencheng, which is the predecessor of Potala Palace today. Princess Wencheng and her party brought advanced production technology. Tubo used to have no writing. Influenced by Princess Wencheng, Songzan Gambu ordered the creation of characters. Princess Wencheng has lived in Tubo for more than 40 years.
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, that is, at the beginning of the 7th century A.D., an outstanding leader of the Tubo nationality appeared. His name was Abandoned Zong Nong Zan, which was called Songzan Gambu in the history of Tibetan Buddhism, and later historical documents used this name. He became Zampa when he was very young. He is brave, resourceful, brave and good at fighting. He led his men to conquer many tribes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by force. Even the sheep with equal strength (big and small sheep in the same country) bowed to him, and other smaller tribes followed suit and established a powerful slavery regime, becoming the overlord of the tribes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with its capital in Logue (now Lhasa). At that time, the mainland was in the Zhenguan period of Emperor Taizong, and its voice was far-reaching. Songzan Gambu admired the culture and civilization of the Tang Dynasty. In the eighth year of Zhenguan (AD 634), the first envoys were sent to Chang 'an, and Feng Dexia was also sent to pay a return visit to Tubo in the Tang Dynasty, which became the beginning of friendly exchanges between Han and Tibetan nationalities. Since then, Songzan Gambu has sent envoys to Chang 'an many times to pay tribute, hoping to follow the precedent of Tuguhun and Turkic and marry the princess of the Tang Dynasty, but Emperor Taizong did not allow it. The messenger returned to Tubo and lied: "When I first arrived in Chang 'an, the Tang Dynasty was very favorable and allowed to get married. It happened that King Tuyuhun entered the DPRK and alienated our relationship in front of Taizong, and then he stopped the discussion of intermarriage. "Songzan Gambu was furious and joined forces with the sheep tribe to attack Tuguhun. Tuguhun couldn't resist and fled to Qinghai. After the Tubo captured the Tangut and the Bailan tribe, they stationed 200,000 troops to the west of Songzhou (now Songpan County, Sichuan Province) and sent envoys to Chang 'an, claiming that this was a dowry to marry the princess. The messenger sent a message threatening: "The big country will attack the mainland immediately if it doesn't marry the princess." This rude demand for forced marriage was naturally opposed by Emperor Taizong. Soon, Songzan Gambu led the troops to attack Songzhou. Emperor Taizong immediately sent Hou, a senior official of the official department, to lead 50,000 soldiers to attack in four directions, beheaded them, exhausted their surplus, defeated Songzan Gambu, led his troops to flee, sent messengers to apologize, and proposed again. Only this time did Emperor Taizong agree to the request of intermarriage.
In the 14th year of Zhenguan (AD 640), Songzan Gambu sent his minister Lu Dongzan to send 5000 taels of gold and hundreds of pieces of jewelry to Chang 'an to get married. Emperor Taizong promised to marry Princess Wencheng, the daughter of the imperial clan. According to legend, Emperor Taizong had "five difficult marriages" before his promise. One of the five difficulties is to ask the messenger to recognize the mother-child relationship between a hundred mares and a hundred foals. This profound problem means that marriage makes us understand that the Han and Tibetan people should establish permanent mother-child affection through the marriage of the princess. It is said that Lu Dongzan used the Tubo people's rich experience in animal husbandry to circle the mare and foal respectively, and temporarily cut off the foal's drinking water and forage. After a day or two, he released the mare and the foal at the same time, and suddenly there was a touching scene in which the mother looked for her son, the son looked for her mother, and the mother and son depended on each other. In this way, Lu Dongzan solved five difficult problems one by one. Emperor Taizong was very happy and allowed him to marry Princess Wencheng immediately and enter Tibet. Emperor Taizong attached great importance to Princess Wencheng's marriage to Tibet. He not only prepared many brides for her, including poems, history, farming, medicine, astronomy, calendars and other books, but also grains, vegetables, fruit seeds and various exquisite handicrafts. In addition, he brought all kinds of craftsmen and a court band. At that time, Buddhism prevailed in the Tang Dynasty, and Princess Wencheng was a devout Buddhist believer, so she also brought a Buddha statue.
In the fifteenth year of Zhenguan (AD 64 1 year), Emperor Taizong sent Li Daozong, Minister of the Li Department of King Jiangxia, to escort Princess Wencheng into Tibet. Songzan Gambo waited in the White Sea (now around Eling Lake and Zhaling Lake in Qinghai) with his entourage and guards from Lhasa, and then met the enemy at Heyuan (now Xinghai County in Qinghai). Songzan Gambu paid a visit to Li Daozong, respectfully performed the ceremony of sons and nephews, and constantly marveled at the beauty of dress etiquette in big countries, showing a shame between pitching and pitching. After returning to Lhasa with the princess, they held a grand wedding. Songzan Gambu is very happy that he can marry Princess Wencheng. He said, "Neither my parents nor my grandparents can marry a businessman. I am deeply honored to marry Princess Datang. I should build a city for the princess to show off my descendants. " After the princess arrived in Tibet, she was ordered to build a palace-style building for her to live in according to the architectural model of the Tang Dynasty. It was really a "golden house with a charming house".
After Princess Wencheng entered Tibet, she introduced the excellent culture and advanced production technology of the Tang Dynasty to Tibet, and jointly developed the economy and culture of Tubo with Songzan Gambo. At that time, Tibetans had no writing, and their notes were tied with ropes or marked with wood. At the suggestion of Princess Wencheng, Songzan Gambu sent people to study and create 30 kinds of Tibetan alphabet and pinyin sentence-making grammar, ending the history of Tibetan without words. Since then, Chinese books can be translated into Tibetan, which has promoted the development of Tibetan culture. Tibet did not have a complete calendar in the past, and the season of wheat harvest (around March in the summer calendar) was the beginning of a year. After Princess Wencheng entered Tibet, she implemented the summer calendar system, which greatly facilitated the chronology and records of Tibetan history and culture. The court band brought by Princess Wencheng enriched and prospered Tibetan folk music and improved the cultural life of Tibetan people. Many craftsmen she brought have benefited Tibetans a lot. Since then, Tibetans have mastered the advanced technology of the Han nationality, popularized the agricultural production tools of the Han nationality, and greatly developed the agricultural productivity of Tibetans. Various plant seeds brought by Princess Wencheng also took root, blossomed and bore fruit in Tibet, which changed the food structure of Tibetans and enriched their food varieties. Princess Wencheng believes in Buddhism. Under her influence, Songzan Gambu vigorously advocated Buddhism and specially built the Jokhang Temple in Lhasa, which had an immeasurable impact on the spiritual life of Tibetans. At the initiative of Princess Wencheng, Songzan Gambu sent people to study in Chang 'an to learn the excellent culture and advanced production technology of Han people, and also hired Han people to master documents and impart knowledge in Tibet. Since then, the Tang Dynasty has continuously sent silkworm eggs to help develop sericulture. Send a ditty and send someone to help develop the brewing industry. There are also grinding, paper making, ink making and so on. There are also special people assigned to teach. Princess Wencheng also personally taught embroidery and textile technology. Songzan Gambu himself can be said to be obedient to Princess Wencheng. Before she entered Tibet, Tibetans liked to paint her face with mineral ochre. The princess hates this kind of cosmetics, which makes people look disgusting. Songzan Gambu immediately ordered the whole country to ban the use of ochre painting. The princess likes to wear the light clothes of the Han nationality. Songzan Ganbu takes off the traditional Tibetan leather mattress and felt wool and wears silk clothes. It really makes women sing with their husbands!
Princess Wencheng's entry into Tibet has made great contributions to strengthening Sino-Tibetan exchanges and developing Tibet's economy and culture. Up to now, people in Xizang has also placed statues of Princess Wencheng and Songzan Gambo in Potala Palace, and also preserved their bridal chamber site-Tibet.