Identification method:

1, look at the color.

Compared with nephrite in other areas at home and abroad, Hetian jade has more colors and formed its own series. Hetian jade has four basic colors: white, cyan, yellow and black, and some transitional colors, such as innocence and gray. Hetian jade has rare white jade in the world, especially sheep fat white jade, which is unique to Hetian jade and has high value. In addition, Hetian jade has a variety of skin colors. Many jadeites in the world have this color, but it is not as beautiful as Hetian jade. Especially Hetian jade, there are many colors, such as autumn pear, reed flower, bordeaux, black and so on. Jade carving artists use various skin colors as jade names, such as autumn pear skin, tiger skin, bordeaux skin and black skin. Using skin color can make beautiful jade, which is naturally interesting. From the stone to the present, the original jade is very valuable and is called the treasure.

White jade: white, delicate, moist and slightly transparent. Like sheep fat, called sheep fat white jade; It is white jade that is opaque and has poor luster.

Sapphire and blue-white jade: the color is dark gray-green to blue-green, opaque, and blue-white jade is a transitional type between sapphire and white jade, showing gray-green.

Jasper: Dark green (spinach green) with rough texture. For example, in addition to nephrite produced in Xinjiang, Taiwan Province Province and abroad, the jade craft circle in China is also collectively called jasper.

Jet: a strip mainly composed of dispersed carbon or graphite, which is grayish black or grayish black and white. If it is all black, it is called jet.

Topaz: It is caused by limonite infiltrating into white jade in surface water.

Step 2 look at the hardness

Hardness is one of the important marks to identify Hetian jade. The hardness of minerals is a mechanical property of minerals to resist the invasion of other objects. Generally speaking, hardness can be expressed in two ways:

(1) relative hardness, or Mohs hardness, is a kind of scratch hardness.

(2) Absolute hardness, also called indentation hardness. According to the weight that the mineral surface can bear.

The Mohs hardness of Hetian jade is around 6.5, with slight differences among different varieties. Generally speaking, the hardness of sapphire is slightly greater than that of white jade. In the jewelry industry, hardness is generally regarded as an important symbol to distinguish gems from jade. The hardness of gemstones is generally above Mohs 7, and the hardness of jade is generally between Mohs 4 and 7. Hardness below Mohs 4 is usually called colored stone or carved stone. High hardness, good polishing performance, can make jade shine, and is also convenient for storage.

3. Look at resilience? .

Toughness is usually the inherent bonding ability of jade, that is, the ability to resist external pressure or crushing force. Toughness is characterized by hard fracture and wear resistance. The mineral with the greatest toughness in the world is black diamond, for example, black diamond is 10 degree, while the toughness of other gems is relative: jade is 9 (nephrite); Emerald, ruby and sapphire are 8; 7-7.5 parts of diamonds, crystals and aquamarine. For example, the toughness of nephrite is 1000, while the toughness of other minerals or rocks is relatively: jadeite (jadeite) 500; Serpentine 250, etc. Nephrite has great toughness, which is not found in other jadeites. Hetian jade has great toughness, which can be used as a kind of fine workmanship, carefully crafted by skillful hands and not easily damaged.

4. Look at transparency? .

Transparency is the degree to which jade allows visible light to pass, which is mainly related to the absorption of light by jade. Mineralogy is generally divided into three types: transparent, translucent and opaque. In the jade industry, more attention is paid to transparency and there are special provisions. Grasshoppers with good penetration are called "Shuitouzu", "Diziling" or "Kengling"; Poor transparency is called "waterless head", "boring in the ground" and "boring in the pit". To identify the degree of moth-eaten, it is necessary to polish jade and see through other objects (jade products) under a certain thickness, which can be divided into four grades: transparent body, Translucent, Micro-transparent body and Non-transparent body. Hetian jade belongs to micro-transparent body. Under the general enterprising degree, you can penetrate the light, but you can't see the object clearly.

5, look at the luster.

Gloss is the ability of jade to reflect light. Hetian jade luster belongs to oily luster. The ancients called Hetian jade "moist and shiny", that is, glossy and oily, giving people a moist feeling. This kind of luster is very soft, neither thick nor light, that is, there is no crystal inspiration of strong light, nor wax texture of weak light, which makes people feel comfortable and beautiful. Sheep refers to jade, named after being as fat as a sheep. It has a good luster, is particularly moist, and is very precious.

6. Look at the weight.

Weight is the weight per unit volume of jadeite. The weight of hetian jade is 2.66 ~ 2.976, which is measured with small weight samples. Different varieties are slightly different, white jade 2.922, blue white jade 2.976 and jet jade 2.66. Generally speaking, white jade is lighter than blue or blue white jade, while jet is lighter because it contains lighter graphite scales.