First, secretly expanding its power and determined to destroy Xia and Xia slave countries, which was one of the ancient slave countries in the world about 4000 years ago. In Xia Dynasty, from Yu to Jie's demise, there were two kings, 14 and 17, with a history of more than 400 years. Today, western Henan and southwestern Shanxi are the ruling centers of Xia people. The scope of this country starts from Changzhi, Shanxi Province in the north, reaches Yishui Valley in Henan Province in the south, reaches Huashan Mountain in Shaanxi Province in the west and reaches Hejian in Shandong Province in the east. It is speculated that the power and influence of Xia dynasty have reached the north and south of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River basin.
Shang is a clan tribe with a long history. In the long process of development, it gradually became stronger, and evolved from a vassal state in the summer to an opponent that could compete with it. Shang Tang acceded to the throne, moved the tribal ruling center to Bodi (now Shangqiu, Henan Province), and then actively put forward plans to attack Xia.
Shang Tang, surnamed Zi, named Lu, was destroyed as Wu Tang, or, Oracle Bone Inscriptions called Taiyi and Gaozuyi, the founders of Shang Dynasty, and a famous strategist. Tangyuan is the leader of the Oriental merchant tribe. Qi's ancestor, who assisted Dayu in water control, was sealed in commercial land, so it was the clan number. Soup is also called Tang, Da Yi and Gao Zuyi. Tang Shen is 9 feet 1.98 meters tall today. He is a tall man, handsome and talented.
The Shang nationality rose in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, which is equivalent to the present areas of Henan and Shandong. The history of Shang tribes can be traced back to the period of matriarchal clan commune. The ancestor of this tribe is Qi. Legend has it that Judy, the mother of Qi State, took a bath and suddenly found that the swallow had laid an egg. After eating, she got pregnant and gave birth to Qi. Therefore, there is a legend in ancient times that a mysterious bird was born into an enterprise. The lower reaches of the Yellow River are flood-prone areas. When Dayu was in charge of water control, Shun awarded the deed of house to Shang (now Shangqiu South, Henan Province) and made him his son. Merchants often migrated to their homes in the early days, so they lived in Bo (now the south of Cao County, Shandong Province) after 14 generations and 8 migrations from Qi to Tang. Shortly after the establishment of the Xia Dynasty, the Shang clan surrendered to Xia and became a vassal state of Xia.
Slavery countries are based on the cruel exploitation of slave labor. Slaves not only engaged in chores, but also were driven to the farmland by slave owners in batches to cultivate and graze. When Shaokang Youyu tribe was in exile, Tian Youcheng had a brigade. One percent of the field is 10 miles of land, and this team consists of 500 slaves. Slaves are the main pillar of social production. However, in the eyes of slave owners, slaves are just talking tools. They can be put into prison at will, be severely punished, and even kill those who are unwilling to fight for them as sacrifices.
In the Xia Dynasty, slave owners and nobles lived a luxurious life. Xia Qi indulged in drinking, singing, dancing and hunting all day. According to legend, Qi created a music and dance called Jiu Shao, which may be a large-scale music and dance work. Kay's son Taikang is more dissolute. He went hunting and playing on the north shore of Luoshui for several months. Therefore, Hou Yi, the master of the poor family, took the opportunity to rise up and dictatorship, and it was not until Shao Kang attacked and destroyed Han Zhuo that the Xia Dynasty was revived.
At the end of Xia Dynasty, social contradictions became more acute. There are many domestic contradictions and crises, and the governors of the four sides have also betrayed them. King Kong Jia is a good ghost. It's a matter of * * *. The Xia dynasty began to decline. When he ascended the throne of Xia Jie, he became more cruel and ruthless, and the people suffered greatly. Speaking of which, let's talk about an episode about Xia Jie.
It is said that Jay is a handsome man with great strength. He can catch wild animals like bison and tigers by himself and break the chain with one hand. But he has the heart of a tiger and a wolf. In order to stabilize the situation, he suppressed those tribes who dared to resist by force. On one occasion, he sent troops to suppress you Shishi. You Shishi hurriedly presented a beautiful woman named Sister Xi to Jie Li, and Jie Li withdrew. On another occasion, Valerian sent someone to crusade against Minshan's family, and Minshan's family quickly gave it to Valerian's two beautiful women, thus avoiding the disaster of war. Jay dotes on her sister Xi very much. In order to make her happy, Jie ordered people to dig a big wine pool in which ships could sail. The pool is full of wine, so-called wine pool. Jie also asked 3,000 people to drink like cows at the edge of the wine pool, stipulating that when they heard the drums, they should imitate the posture of cows and ask them to drink.
He is very lewd. As the saying goes, a hero is sad about beauty, not to mention Xia Jie, a womanizer. Plus, my sister is as beautiful as a fairy, so Xia Jie indulges in dissolute life all day.
He doted on You's daughter and sister and built a Gong Qiong Yao terrace for her. My sister likes to listen to the sound of tears, so he asked someone to find a lot of silk to tear for her and have a good time. Later, Jie also built a night palace outside the capital. After he goes in, he often doesn't come out for months. Because valerian only knows pleasure all day and doesn't ask politics at all, many ministers ask him not to do this. There was a minister named Zonggu, who tried to persuade him many times, but nothing came of it. Disappointed, Zonggu fled the capital and went to the Shang tribe.
Xia Jie has a courtier named Guan Longfeng. Hearing the angry voice of the people, he felt that the general trend was not good, so he advised Jay to save some money, or he would die. Xia Jie didn't listen, but killed Guan Longfeng. Since then, no one has dared to remonstrate. Bad guys curry favor with him all day, turning around to give him advice to make him happy, and take the opportunity to get some benefits. In the long run, the Xia Dynasty became more and more corrupt.
Xia Jie believed that his rule would never disappear. He said: There is the sun in the sky, just like I have ordinary people. Will Sun Die? When the sun dies, I will die. At that time, the people cursed and mourned every day and gave it to you ("Shangshu?" Tang Shi), when does this mean your Sun Die? We are willing to die together. Xia Jie also called a meeting of his ministers, preparing to wage war against other tribes. However, the tribe is more alienated from him. With the development of this situation, the demise of the Xia Dynasty is inevitable. This created a favorable opportunity for Shang Tang to eliminate the summer.
Under this historical background, Shang Tang is determined to destroy the summer.
Just as the Xia dynasty's power was declining, the Shang dynasty began to become strong. Shang was a vassal state of Xia Dynasty. It is said that its ancestor is the youngest son named Qi. Qi made great efforts to help Dayu control water. In recognition of Qi's achievements, Shun made him a son and Shang a fief of Qi. Later, Zi Qi established a small country called Shang State in the fief. In Xia Dynasty, Tang was in charge of the state affairs of Shang Dynasty. Seeing that Xia Jie was dissolute, vicious and cruel, and the people were living in dire straits, Shang Tang made up his mind to overthrow the corrupt Xia Dynasty. Observing the situation, Shang Tang saw that the Xia Dynasty had been weakened by Xia Jie and the people were alienated, so he wanted to take this opportunity to unite with a small country that hated Xia Jie to attack Xia Guo. For the convenience of marching in the future, he moved Wang Du to Bo (now near Zhengzhou, Henan). At that time, Shang countries not only developed animal husbandry, but also had good relations with neighboring small countries.
I don't know how I heard that Tang Qinzheng loved the people, and his diplomatic relations were harmonious, and he was ready to attack. So he designed to deceive Tang and put him under house arrest in Xiatai (now Yuxian County, Henan Province, also known as Juntai). Yi Yin, the right phase of Shang Dynasty, managed to rescue Tang and sent many treasures and ten beautiful women. When Xia Jie saw the beautiful women and jewels, his original anger had gone beyond the cloud nine. He thought that Shang Dynasty was still obedient to himself, so he put Shang Tang back.
Shang Tang's narrow escape will only increase his hatred for Xia Jie. As the saying goes, releasing the tiger to the mountain is endless trouble. He was imprisoned in Xia State for a period of time, and he knew more about the corruption in Xia Dynasty. After returning home, he not only strengthened his determination to destroy Xia Jie and save the people, but also worked harder to speed up the preparations for cutting summer.
After several years of accumulating strength, one is to separate Xia Guo, and the other is to form an alliance with the princes. Shang Tang's strength grew gradually, which eventually led to Kunwu's felling of merchants. Kunwu's Historical Records Yin Benji says: At that time, Xia Jie abused politics and was dissolute, and the warlord Kunwu was in chaos. At the same time, "Historical Records Yin Benji" says: Tang took the lot to attack Kunwu, and then attacked Jieli. It can be seen that Kunwu should be a big country among the vassal states in Xia Dynasty, and it has the closest relationship with Xia Jie. Kunwu's family is both Fang Bo of Xia Dynasty and Fang Bo of Shang Dynasty. Kunwu's felling of merchants must represent Xia Jie's will. This shows that Shang Tang's power is big enough to threaten Xia Jie's dominance.
At this time, the animal husbandry of Shang tribe developed rapidly, with the famous first male as a rider and Wang Hai as a servant cow. Is to domesticate cattle and horses as means of transportation. When the Shang tribe came to be king, it was already very strong, with great progress in agriculture, animal husbandry and handicrafts, and its economic strength gradually surpassed that of the Xia Dynasty. It has evolved from a subordinate country of Xia to an opponent that can compete with it. Shang Tang took active measures to prepare for the end of summer. He first appointed Yi Yin and Zhong You as the left and right leaders, promoted and reused talents with humble origins and low status, and sent troops to attack and destroy Xia Dynasty governors, such as Ge, Wei, Gu and Kunwu. The stronger the Vietnam War, the invincible Shang Tang.
Shang Tang returned to the Shang State and sent people to persuade those small countries controlled by the Xia Dynasty to submit to the Shang State, rebel against the Xia Dynasty, and destroy those small countries that followed the Xia Dynasty. At the same time, Shang Tang paid more attention to the domestic people, strengthened the attractiveness of the commercial countries to the people, in order to gain their support, and obeyed his orders when attacking Xia Jie.
Second, when the Xia Dynasty was established, its overall strength was still greater than that of Shang tribes. In this case, Shang Tang did not immediately attack the Xia Dynasty directly, but adopted the policy of weakening first and then strengthening, losing its wings, so as to create conditions for the final decisive battle.
He aimed his first goal at Ge, the vassal of Xia, and set out to destroy Ge in the name of revenge for the teenager. This is not only a wing of Xia Jie, but also greatly enhances its political prestige. Then we concentrated our forces, wiped out Wei and Gu successively, and attacked the last pillar that was wiped out, that is, the more powerful Kunwu. In this way, Shang Tang completed its strategic encirclement of Xia Jie. After completing the strategic siege of Xia Jie, Shang Tang remained very cautious about the final decisive battle. After repeated trials, a decision was finally made. As the saying goes, it's a long way to go. The Xia Dynasty, founded nearly 400 years ago, still had considerable strength even in the face of extinction. When Shang Tang stopped paying tribute to Xia Jie at Yi Yin's suggestion to test his reaction, Xia Jie mobilized the division of Jiuyi to prepare for a crusade against Shang Tang. It was soon reported that Xia Jie had killed important officials and abandoned his relatives. Shang Tang once again stopped paying tribute to Xia Jie. This time, Xia Jie's baton completely failed, which was too much for the teachers of September 1st. Some people openly resisted. Governors who also don't listen to his command, Shang Tang see the time is ripe to destroy the summer, so decisively ordered to arise.
In BC 1766, Shang Tang formally set out to attack the summer. Before the war, he held a solemn oath ceremony and listed Xia Jie's crimes of destroying production and brutally exploiting and oppressing the people. He declared that he conquered Xia Jie by the will of God in order to save the people from the mire.
Shang Tang also announced strict battlefield discipline. This swearing-in has greatly boosted morale. After taking the oath before the war, Shang Tang chose 70 good cars and killed 6,000 people. He joined forces with armies of various countries, made a strategic detour to the west of Zhixia, and made a surprise attack on Xiadu. Xia Jie, heedless of the news, refused to make soup in the west, and launched a life-and-death battle with the Shang Tang army in Mingtiao (near Luoyang, Henan Province today).
In the battle, Tang first adopted the policy of winning over the people and other countries politically, and was assisted by Yi Yin and Zhong Yuan, which laid the foundation for the victory of the war. Shang Tang boldly sent Z-tone to beat people inside Xia Jie for many times, acting as a spy, and mastered the chaotic situation in Xia Dynasty, when the Xia Dynasty was full of diseases and people's grievances were boiling. In military strategy, with the great assistance of Yi Yin and Zhong Yuan, he cleverly planned to defeat Xia Jie one by one, isolate Xia Houshi and finally conquer Xiayi in one fell swoop. Specifically, he achieved the following main steps.
First, creatively carry out interoperability activities.
In order to thoroughly understand the internal situation of Xia Jie, Shang Tang boldly sent Yi Yin to Xia Jie several times to act as a rebellion, and mastered the chaotic situation of the rise and fall of the Xia Dynasty and people's grievances. Know yourself and yourself, and then implement your own strategic policy in a targeted manner.
Second, weaken first and then strengthen, from near to far, remove Xia Jie's wings and complete its strategic encirclement.
At that time, the overall strength of Xia Dynasty was still greater than that of Shang tribe. In this case, Shang Tang did not immediately attack the Xia Dynasty directly, but adopted the correct policy of weakening first and then strengthening, and losing its wings to create conditions for the final decisive battle. He aimed his first goal at Ge, the vassal of Xia, and set out to destroy Ge in the name of revenge for the teenager. This is not only a wing of Xia Jie, but also greatly enhances its political prestige. Then we concentrated our forces, wiped out Wei and Gu successively, and attacked the last pillar that was wiped out, that is, the more powerful Kunwu. In this way, Shang Tang completed the strategic encirclement of Jieli and opened the way for the final elimination of Jieli.
Third, correctly choose and grasp the decisive battle opportunity.
After completing the strategic siege of Xia Jie, Shang Tang remained very cautious about the final decisive battle. After repeated trials, a decision was finally made. As the saying goes, it's a long way to go. The Xia Dynasty, founded nearly 400 years ago, still had considerable strength even in the face of extinction. When Shang Tang stopped paying tribute to Xia Jie to test his reaction, Xia Jie mobilized the division of Jiuyi to prepare a crusade against Shang Tang. According to the situation, Shang Tang apologized immediately, restored his position as a tribute, stabilized Xia Jie, continued to accumulate strength and bided his time. It was soon reported that Xia Jie had killed important officials and abandoned his relatives. Shang Tang once again stopped paying tribute to Xia Jie. This time, Xia Jie's baton completely failed, which was too much for the teachers of September 1st. Some people openly resisted. Shang Tang felt that the time was ripe for cutting Jie, and decisively ordered him to arise.
It is said that when he was about to leave for Xia Jie, Shang Tang, who was in uniform and escorted by several warriors, climbed onto the high platform and said loudly, "Generals and warriors, I don't want to fight, because Xia Jie is sinful, and God ordered me to destroy him." . I am afraid of heaven and dare not disobey my fate and indulge Xia Jie. Now, even his subjects hate his guts, and his orders are not obeyed by Xia people. So I must crusade against him and save Xia Min from suffering. You want Qi Xin to work together, listen to me and fulfill the mission entrusted to me by God, and I will reward you. You have to believe that I won't break my word. If you don't listen to my orders and fight hard, I will punish you severely.
At this time, I saw that the Shang army was very strong in Mazhuang and its military strength was brilliant. However, Xia Guo's army can't go to the battlefield for a long time, and there is no strict training on weekdays. Military discipline was lax and there was no intention to fight, so when the two armies met, Xia Jun's defense was broken. Xia Guo's army fled in all directions as easy as blowing off dust. When Xia Jie saw that the tide was over, he fled the battlefield with his son and fled to Nanchao (now southwest of Chao County, Anhui Province). Shang Tang led the troops in hot pursuit and finally caught the bully in Nanchao. Shang Tang wanted to kill Xia Jie to anger the people; But on second thought, I have always been known for my generosity and kindness. If I kill Jay, people will think differently about him. Besides, it's no use killing Xia Jie. He is a prisoner now. Why not keep it? So Shang Tang imprisoned Xia Jie in Nanchao, and his team returned to Bocheng. Xia Jie died here soon. In the Battle of Mingtiao, Shang Tang's army defeated the other army, and Jie escaped and died in the South Nest, and the Xia Dynasty perished. A powerful country has experienced more than 400 years of history, but it has been destroyed by a small country, which cannot but arouse people's shock and thinking. Therefore, some people warned that Yin Jian is not far away, but in the world of Xia Hou. The Xia Dynasty was declared dead. Shang Tang returned to Xibo (now Yanshi West, Henan Province) and held a life meeting of Jingbo attended by many governors, which won the support of 3,000 governors and achieved the status of * * * world master. In this way, on the ruins of Xia Dynasty, a new and powerful ruling dynasty and the second slavery dynasty in China history-Shang Dynasty were established.
The story of Tang was widely praised by people, "Poetry? Shang song? The poem Xuanniao is one of them. A passage translated into modern language is: Swallows make soup because of their fate, and their fiefs are expanding day by day. God ordered Tang Wang, a brave soldier, to rule the world and take care of all the places. Tang Cheng issued a call at an appropriate time, and Kyushu Island entered the Shang Dynasty and was blocked. The ancestors of Shang Dynasty inherited their destiny, and the country enjoyed long-term stability.