The discoloration or fading of gold jewelry is closely related to human sweating. 99% of human sweat is water, and about 1% is wastes and harmful substances in human body, such as chlorinated substances, lactic acid, urea ammonia, etc. When these substances come into contact with silver and copper in gold jewelry, they will react chemically to produce silver chloride and copper sulfide, and present dark black chemical salts. This chemical salt often falls from gold jewelry, polluting the wearer's skin and leaving very obvious black spots on the skin. At present, cosmetics have also become one of the indispensable "roles" in people's lives. If it is applied to the skin of the wearing part of gold jewelry, it will undoubtedly provide an opportunity for cosmetics containing chemical substances and gold jewelry that is most afraid of chemical erosion, and the result can be imagined. Some cosmetics also contain some fine hard particles, which can constitute another kind of dirt, thus wearing away gold jewelry. Regional environmental factors may also make gold jewelry lose its bright color. For example, in dry areas, the air contains a lot of primary fine dust, which will form a kind of "human sandpaper" after being polluted by human body, which can abrade gold jewelry into tiny debris and appear local black stains. It is worth mentioning that talcum powder or moisturizer also contains similar particles, which will also overshadow the above-mentioned gold jewelry. Treatment: Brush with soapy water mixed with a little alcohol, rinse and dry. [b: 75e15ce16c] 925 silver ornaments: [/b:75e 15ce 16c] Generally, the pure silver ornaments sold in the market are 925 silver, not 999 pure silver, because 925 silver is alloy silver made by adding other metals. Its proportion is 7.5% alloy and 92.5% silver, so the jewelry forged by pure silver is stronger and less prone to wear and deformation. The real 999 pure silver is as soft as pure gold. Jewelry made of pure silver and alloy will be more durable, will not be deformed in a few days, and the surface will be worn too much, which needs constant polishing. How to maintain sterling silver jewelry? The biggest reason for the oxidation of silverware is oxygen in the air, so blocking the air is the best maintenance method. For example, put the silverware in a sealed plastic bag and then put it in a pearl box to block the contact between air and silverware. When the silverware is oxidized, you can use silver washing water or a piece of silver cloth to wipe it, but the silver washing water is more lethal, so please try to wipe it with a silver cloth unless you have to. If it is bright with silver water, it should be picked up immediately and rubbed gently to clean the chemicals on the surface. In addition, soak in 90% alcohol 12 hours, wipe clean and dry; Or squeeze toothpaste on a dry cloth and wipe it directly, and the effect is also very good. [b:75e 15ce 16c] Platinum jewelry: [/b:75e 15ce 16c] I have been longing for it for a long time. When an elegant and beautiful platinum jewelry brings you a good feeling, can you think of how to take good care of your beloved platinum jewelry and make it shine as new? Here are some simple ways to teach you. When doing housework, don't let the platinum jewelry you wear be contaminated with oil or bleach, oil will affect the luster of the jewelry; Bleaching water will cause spots on jewelry. Although you want to attract attention when you are young, you must not wear platinum jewelry and gold jewelry at the same time, because gold is soft. If they rub against each other, the gold powder will be adsorbed on platinum, which will turn platinum yellow and affect its unique pure luster. If you wear it frequently, you should try to clean it once a month to keep it shiny. You can clean it with a special jewelry cleaner or you can clean it yourself. The correct way is: squeeze the toothpaste on the towel, rub it back and forth with platinum jewelry to remove fine lines and dirt on the surface, then wash it with diluted household detergent, and then rinse it with clear water, and the luster can be restored as new. If your platinum jewelry is inlaid with diamonds, I suggest you send it to the jewelry store for inspection every year, and carry out professional cleaning and renovation in time, so that platinum diamond jewelry can always be worn new. Just like beautiful flowers and plants need careful care, your platinum jewelry needs your care to spend a good time with you. [b:75e 15ce 16c] Pearl jewelry: [/b:75e 15ce 16c] Although the color of pearls is beautiful, it can't stand the long test. Generally, after several decades, pearls will turn ordinary yellow and lose their beautiful luster. This is what the old saying goes, "people are old and yellow." Why do pearl ornaments turn yellow after long use? This is mainly because the physical properties of aragonite minerals that make up pearls are unstable. Over time, it will become ordinary calcite. Aragonite and calcite have the same chemical composition, but their crystal morphology and luster are different. This is the reason why pearls change color. There are some remedies after the pearl turns yellow, that is, soaking in dilute hydrochloric acid can dissolve the yellowed shell and make the pearl reappear its glittering and charming color. But if the color becomes serious, it is irreversible. Wear pearl jewelry after makeup, because any beauty products (powder cake, foundation cream, etc. ) is harmful to pearls, including perfume and hair gel. The pearls worn should be soaked in clear water, washed, dried and then stored, otherwise the pearls will turn yellow easily. [b:75e 15ce 16c] Diamond jewelry: [/b:75e 15ce 16c] Add water and washing powder into the container, put your diamond ring in water and boil it for 10 minute to soften the dirt on it. [b:75e 15ce 16c] Turquoise jewelry: [/b:75e 15ce 16c] Be careful when wearing turquoise jewelry, it can absorb grease. Don't wear turquoise jewelry when applying sunscreen or milk. Because once turquoise is dirty, it is difficult to restore it to its original state. [b:75e 15ce 16c] Opal jewelry: [/b:75e 15ce 16c] It must be kept in a cool place. Because egg stones contain a lot of water, exposure to sunlight or strong light for too long will dehydrate. The nursing method is to soak in water or sweet apricot oil for two days, and it will recover. In addition to the above general principles, because different gems have different qualities, there are some special requirements and precautions in the maintenance of some jewels. Now they are introduced as follows: (1) diamonds, rubies, sapphires, tourmalines, topaz and other jewelry. These gems are hard and can withstand great pressure, but they also have the same shortcomings-they are brittle and cleavage for diamonds and topaz, so these gems can't stand knocking and knocking, otherwise they will collapse due to brittleness, or crack or even break along the cleavage direction due to cleavage. Remember, no matter how hard a diamond is, it can't stand the impact. (2) Jade jewelry. Although jadeite is hard and tough, it has certain impact resistance. However, the processed jadeite products are often thin and will be damaged by impact. (3) Emerald jewelry. Emerald is slightly harder than jade, but it is more brittle than jade, and it can't withstand impact and beating more than jade. In addition, emeralds are afraid of high temperature, which will make their colors fade in case of fire and easily burst at high temperature. (4) Opal jewelry. Opal has low hardness, so it should avoid rubbing against other objects. Opal contains water and should be protected from high temperature. Otherwise, after losing points due to evaporation, it will lose transparency and burst. In addition, opal is not acid-resistant, so wear opal jewelry to avoid high temperature and acidic substances. When collecting opal jewelry, we should also pay attention to the environment not to be too dry, otherwise it will also cause dehydration cracking or even rupture. In order to prevent dehydration, in the dry season, opal jewelry should be soaked in water regularly. (5) Amethyst jewelry. The color of amethyst is unstable and will fade when exposed to high temperature or for a long time. Avoid high temperature or exposure during wearing or storage. (6) Malachite and turquoise jewelry. These two kinds of gems are harder than water, so they wear easily. Their chemical properties are unstable and will be corroded and dissolved in acid. Turquoise is particularly easy to change color at high temperature, even if it is exposed to the sun for a long time and soaked in sweat, it will change color. These are all things that must be paid attention to in the process of wearing and collecting. (7) pearls and coral jewelry. The hardness of pearls and corals is very low, and the surface is easy to lose luster due to friction. Both components are calcium carbonate, which will be corroded and dissolved in acid. It is easy to sweat in summer, and sweating will also damage the surfaces of pearls and corals and lose their original luster. Powder, perfume and hair cream in cosmetics will also make pearls fade gradually. So it is best not to wear this kind of jewelry in summer. If you get dirty by sweat stains, you can rinse it with clear water and then gently dry it with a soft fabric. Pearl ornaments must be washed with clear water before collection, and the storage place must also avoid cosmetics. (8) Lapis lazuli jewelry. After lapis lazuli jewelry is dyed, it must not be soaked and cleaned with water. Because lapis lazuli is a granular aggregate composed of various minerals, if it is soaked and washed with water, the dirt on the surface of the gem will penetrate into the interior, thus changing the original luster of lapis lazuli. Lapis lazuli jewelry stained with stains can be gently wiped with a wet cloth to remove the dirt. As far as jewelry and gold ornaments are concerned, they are as important as people. In the process of washing, it can activate tissue cells and remove dirt, so that there is a fresh feeling inside and outside, as well as jewelry and gold ornaments. Correct and careful cleaning methods can make them in the best state at any time, dazzling, and can also increase their life.

A. Cleaning: It can be cleaned with a soft brush dipped in salad, but not with irritating products such as fluoride toothpaste and bleach.

B. Cleanliness: Pure gold or K-gold products, please don't touch articles that will produce white spots such as perming water.

C. Cleaning: soak the diamond in warm soapy water for about 20 minutes, gently brush the bottom of the base with a soft brush, and then clean it with clear water (remember to plug the running hole first to prevent the gem from falling off).

D. Maintenance: Pay attention to whether the diamond will loosen after cleaning, and go to the jewelry store every six months to have your jewelry thoroughly cleaned and inspected.

(1) Cleaning and maintenance of gold and silver jewelry

1. Cleaning and maintenance of gold jewelry: cleaning in Huang Fang jewelry store, and ultrasonic cleaning. The standard formula for cleaning is: 40C warm water 1000ml, anhydrous chromic anhydride 100g, and 30ml sulfuric acid. The method is: hang the plastic piece number on the jewelry, then thread it with copper wire, hang it on the stainless steel bar and hang it in the washing tank for 80- 120 seconds. The method of manual cleaning is to soak jewelry in 30% sulfuric acid cleaning solution for 5 minutes, then rinse it with a brush, then rinse it under tap water for 5 minutes, and finally soak it in 20% shampoo or detergent for 10 minute, rinse it off, rinse it with clear water for 20 minutes, and dry it with silk.

2. Cleaning and maintenance of silver jewelry: use 50C warm water 1000 ml, 200 ml phosphoric acid and 30g concentrated washing powder, pour the mixed solution into the ultrasonic cleaning tank for cleaning 100 second, and then rinse it with clear water.

Household cleaning: pour the cleaning liquid into the container, soak the silver jewelry for 10 minute, then rinse with toothbrush, and then rinse with clean water for 10 minute.

(2) Cleaning and maintenance of jewelry and jade articles

Wash with 20% neutral detergent or shampoo, and knock at the liquid temperature of 25. Soak for 10 minute, then brush slowly with a toothbrush, remove sweat and dirt and soak in tap water for 20 minutes.

(3) Maintenance of jewelry and jade articles

Gold and silver jewelry and jade articles should be dried with silk after being rinsed with clear water. If there are scratches and scratches on the gold products, you can apply a layer of white jade toothpaste, wipe it with silk cloth, polish it with cloth grinding wheel or polish it with green oil. Chains and gold earrings can be coated with watch oil or protective film on hooks and screws.

Paraffin wax is the common protective film for glazing. Pink nail polish is a common protective film for gemstones. Nail polish is widely used, such as brooches, rings, earrings, brooches, cufflinks and so on. At present, the more popular protective agents are transparent electrophoretic paint and B0l propylene varnish; SOZ polyurethane varnish. More suitable for high-grade gems, such as jade, ruby, sapphire, aquamarine, emerald and so on.

(4) Cleaning and maintenance of pearls

Pearls should be wiped with soft paper or cloth containing silicone oil. For pearls with serious blackening and tarnishing, they should be soaked in 20% salt water for one hour, then rinsed with 3% hydrochloric acid solution, and then rinsed with clean water 10 minute. Pearls should not be exposed to the sun, so as to avoid hygienic storage of water and camphor.